Fasali da mazauninsu
Karl Linnaeus ne ya fara gano wannan kwaron. Amma me yasa ake kiran malam buɗe ido admiral. Yadda malam buɗe ido yake da yadda ya bambanta da wasu, za mu sami ƙarin bayani.
Karl Linnaeus, farkon wanda ya kirkira admiral malam buɗe ido bayanin, ya sanya mata suna Vanessa atalanta, wanda a Latin yake nufin Vanessa Atalanta. A cikin tatsuniyoyin Girka - gwarzuwar farautar Calydonian.
Ta fi kowa gudu a duniya har ta girma a dajin. Beyar ce ta ciyar da ita. Addinin butterflies suna da kyau ƙwarai, galibi suna rayuwa a gefunan daji. Koyaya, suna da sauri.
Wataƙila don saurin, kyakkyawa da mazauni, babban masanin kimiyya da mai bincike ya sanya masa suna Atalanta. An fara kiranta da admiral don kamanceceniya da launukan wando da adon ɗin ya sa a cikin jirgin ruwan na Rasha.
Misali, jan admiral malam buɗe ido yana da fifikon jan fadi a fuka-fuki.
Red admiral malam buɗe ido
Malam buɗe baki ya karɓi taken farin admiral, bi da bi, don yadin farar fata mai faɗi.
Farar admiral yana da ratsi-fari fari a fuka-fuki
Wannan kwaro na dangin nymphalid ne. Tare da malam buɗe ido admiral lemongrass... Wannan kuma ya hada da polychrome da urticaria. Dukansu suna cikin rukunin Anglewing.
Daga cikin nau'in malam buɗe ido, admiral yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma. Tsawon reshen gaban ya kai daga 26 zuwa 35 millimeters. Tsawon fikafikan ya kai daga milimita 50 zuwa 65.
Gaskiya tana da kyau. A kan fuka-fukan malam buɗe ido akwai hotuna masu launuka daban-daban da haske, kusan layuka masu ɗaukaka, suna ba da sunan mai martaba.
Fuka-fukan gaba yawanci suna da farin tabo. Zai yiwu akwai manyan wurare guda uku kuma har zuwa kanana shida. Kuma a tsakiyar ana haye su ta hanyar ɗaurin mari. Fuka-fukan baya suna da jan ja a saman gefuna.
Akwai ƙananan alamu 4-5 a kanta. A kusurwar duban malam buɗe ido, akwai ɗigon ruwa mai launin shuɗi a cikin bakin duhu. Daban-daban launuka masu launin ja da fari, launuka masu launin toka da kuma bango mai duhu-mai launin ruwan kasa sun ƙawata ƙasan fukafukan.
Ga mazauna, suna zaɓar sarari da gefuna, makiyaya, lambuna. Ana iya samunsu a bakin koguna da tabkuna. Kari akan haka, akwai babban malam buɗe ido a gabar tekun.
Duba malam malam a kan hoto a cikin manyan duwatsu ba sabon abu bane, wanda ke nuna kasancewar su acan. Kodayake wuraren da ke kan tsaunuka sun fi sauran masanan sanannu, irin su urticaria.
Ana iya faɗi game da adon ɗin cewa yawan su ba shi da adadi na yau da kullun. Adadin yana canzawa koyaushe daga shekara zuwa shekara. Nau'in butterflies admiral ana iya samunsu a Arewacin Amurka, Turai, Asiya orarama, da arewacin Afirka.
Duk da irin wadatattun wuraren zama, jirage masu yawa da kiwo na shekara-shekara, ya zama ba safai ba. An jera nau'inta a cikin Littafin Ja, sannan an cire shi. A halin yanzu wannan nau'in malam buɗe ido yana cikin kawai Littafin Ja Yankin Smolensk.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Babban malam buɗe ido nau'in jinsin ƙaura ne. Amma ba duk mutane ne ke yin jirgin ba, amma wasu ne kawai. A lokaci guda, waɗanda ke ƙaura suna iya tashi zuwa nesa mai nisa. Misali, daga Turai zuwa Afirka.
Musamman, yawancin waɗannan malam buɗe ido sun isa Rasha ta hanyar zuwa daga kudu. Suna kwan ƙwai anan - ɗaya bayan ɗaya akan ganyen shuke-shuke. Mafi yawa akan raga.
Amma kuma akan wasu tsire-tsire. Bayan haka, wasu daga cikin butterflies sun sake tashi zuwa ƙasashe masu ɗumi don lokacin hunturu. Adriral din bayan tashin jirgin ana iya rarrabe shi ta hanyar fuka-fukai da suka lalace ko kuma kaɗan sun shuɗe.
Admiral butterflies sun san yadda ake kwanciyar hankali don lokacin hunturu. Amma sananne ne cewa waɗannan mutane ba sa yin hunturu a tsakiya da arewacin Turai. Hijirar waɗannan malam buɗe ido kuma na faruwa ne a lokacin hunturu.
Suna zuwa sassan kudu na mazauninsu - zuwa Arewacin Afirka, zuwa tsibirin Tekun Atlantika, zuwa arewacin Amurka, zuwa Guatemala da Haiti, da makamantansu.
Hakanan an yi rikodin Wintering a cikin Scandinavia. Kafin zama cikin nutsuwa, suna hawa cikin rami da ƙarƙashin bawon bishiyoyi don su zauna a can har zuwa bazara. Abinci mai gina jiki yayin bacci yana zuwa ne daga kitse a jikin malam buɗe ido. Koyaya, ba a taɓa sanin wanene daga cikin adon ɗin zai rayu a lokacin hunturu ba. Ba dukkan su da gaske suke rayuwa a lokacin hunturu ba.
Ana kiran duk yankin da malam buɗe ido yake zaune. Lokacin da malam buɗe ido ke tashi, ko kuma abin da ake kira "lokacin tashi", a wurare daban-daban na mazauninsu ya sha bamban da juna. Wato, babu wani lokaci guda.
Misali, a yankin kudu na zangon, butterflies suna tashi daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba. An rubuta wannan halayyar wannan nau'in a kudancin Ukraine. A sauran wuraren da suke zaune malam malam kwari daga farkon lokacin bazara - daga Yuni - zuwa ƙarshen Satumba.
Gabaɗaya, ana iya lura da cewa butterflies da ke zaune a kudancin kewayon su, galibi a cikin gandun daji, suna yin ƙaura ne kawai. Koyaya, an sake cika arewacin kewayon da wannan nau'in kawai saboda tashin su daga kudu.
Gabaɗaya, admirals suna da saurin aiki. Suna tashi da sauri, amma ba ta hanya ba. Jirgin saman su sau da yawa ana iya bayyana su a matsayin marasa ma'ana.
Admiral malam buɗe ido abinci
Admiral butterfly yana ciyar da galibi akan nunannun fure. Amma abincinsu yana da faɗi sosai. Hakanan ya hada da ruwan bishiyoyi, rubabbun 'ya'yan itatuwa har ma da na tsuntsaye, wadanda suke ci tare da taimakon proboscis mai siffar karkace.
Yana da ban sha'awa a lura cewa malam buɗe ido yana jin abinci tare da ƙafafunsa. Butterflies suna da ɗanɗano a ƙarshen ƙafafunsu. Saboda haka, da farko dai, samfurin abinci daga wurinta yana faruwa a lokacin da take tsaye akanta.
Caterpillars na butterflies suna cin ɗan bambanci kaɗan. Suna amfani da ganyen da ke gefensu a matsayin abinci. Mafi yawanci waɗannan suna dioecious da daddaɗawa nettles, hops na kowa da tsire-tsire iri-iri na genus thistle.
Yana cikin ganyen waɗannan tsire-tsiren ne yake nade kansa tsawon lokacin ci gabansa. Sabili da haka, amintacciyar mafakarta a lokaci guda tana aiki azaman tushen ƙarfi don babban kwandon malam buɗe ido.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, nau'ikan malam buɗe ido yana ƙaura. Bayan tashi sama, sai su yi ƙwai sannan su mutu. Qwai ana dagewa sosai daya da ganyen shukar.
Admiral Butterfly Egg
Ana kiran shuke-shuke a cikin ganyen da mashawarcin malam buɗe ido ke kwan ƙwai shi ake kira "Fodder". Yawancin lokaci waɗannan nettles ne, harbawa da dioecious, hops na yau da kullun da tsire-tsire na dangin thistle.
Tsutsa masu launin zinariya mai launi. Kuma kumatu an rufe su da gashi mara kyau. Yawancin lokaci ana samun su cikin launuka masu launin kore, baƙi, ko rawaya-kasa-kasa. Babu tsiri a tsaye daga bayan kwari.
Raunuka a gefen kawai suke kuma rawaya ne. Bugu da kari, akwai dige rawaya da spikes a gefunan. Caterpillar din kanta tana bunkasa cikin kimanin mako guda kuma tana ƙirƙirar rufin kariya mai ƙarfi daga ganye mafi kusa.
A cikin hoton, ɗan kifin ne mai kula da malam buɗe ido
Yana cikin ta na dogon lokaci kuma yana ci gaba da girma. Wannan yana faruwa tsakanin Mayu da Agusta. Duk wannan lokacin, tana ciyarwa ne akan alfarwa kanta. I, magatakarda malam malam sannu a hankali tana cin ganyayyakin da aka tattara mafakarta ta ɗan lokaci.
Mafaka kanta ita ce ganye mai lanƙwasa. An dakatar da Pupae da yardar kaina da juye juye. Yawancin lokaci malam buɗe ido yana fitowa daga puppy a ƙarshen bazara.
A cikin shekara guda, a matsakaita, ƙarnoni biyu na butterflies na iya ƙyanƙyashe. Malam buɗe ido ba ya daɗe sosai. Matsakaicin tsawon ransa rabin shekara. Ta mutu bayan ta yi ƙwai.
