Bayani da siffofin kwankwaso
Gaskiyar cewa mahaifa sun kasance mazaunan duniyarmu fiye da shekaru miliyan goma da suka gabata, yana nuna keɓancewar wannan dabba.
Tabbas, yawancin jinsunan mata sun bace daga doron kasa, amma har yanzu a yau muna iya sadarwa da sanin rayuwa. mahaifa dabba... A yau fauna yana da wadata a cikin jinsi biyu na dangin mata, wanda ya hada da jinsuna guda uku na wadannan halittu na musamman:
- Batan wasa mai gajerun gashi (gajeren gajeren gashi)
- Fata mai gashi mai tsayi (Queensland da mahaifar masu dogon gashi)
A tsarin juyin halitta, akwai mafi yawan halittar mahaifa, amma, da rashin alheri, ba zasu iya rayuwa a dabi'a ba saboda wasu dalilai. Akalla irin wannan jinsin an san su. A zamanin da, ana ɗaukar pandas dangin mafi kusanci na mahaifar; waɗannan dabbobin suna da kamanceceniya da yawa.
Koyaya, kimanin shekaru miliyan 36 da suka gabata, hanyoyin halittar wadannan dabbobi suna canza alkibla suka koma nesa da juna. Kunnawa hoto na mahaifa har yanzu ana iya lura da wasu kamanceceniya.
Omunƙwara mata masu yawan ciyawa da yawa a Australiya, suna da ciyayi kuma suna kama da ƙananan beyar da aladu a lokaci guda. Dabba babba a tsawon tana da girman 70 santimita zuwa mita 1.2. A wannan yanayin, nauyin yana cikin kewayon kilogram 20-40.
Jikin cikin mahaifa yana da girma sosai kuma yana da ƙarfi, ƙaramin jiki, tare da mafi girman kai da gabobi huɗu masu ƙarfi. Mata masu shaƙatawa ma suna da ƙaramin wutsiya, wanda ake ganin ba shi da ci gaba. Daga sama, ana rufe mahaifa da ulu, yawanci launin toka ko ashy.
An gina bayan dabbar ta wata hanya ta musamman, akwai guringuntsi da yawa, ƙasusuwa da fata mai tauri, wannan nau'in garkuwa ne. Idan wani yayi kokarin haurawa cikin ramin zuwa dabba, to matar da akidar, a matsayin mai doka, zata maye gurbin gindinsa kuma ta haka ne zata kare hanyar zuwa ciki don toshewa da murƙushe ramin maharin akan bangon.
Ina so in ba da kulawa ta musamman ga shugaban waɗannan "beyar" mai ban dariya, yana da girma dangane da jiki, yayin da aka ɗan daidaita shi, a gefen akwai idanun ɗamara. Game da haɗari, mahaifa na iya kare kansu har ma da kai hari tare da kawunansu, suna da alama suna mata, duk da cewa ba su da ƙaho.
Tsarin muƙamuƙi da haƙori suna kamanceceniya da ainihin gabobin sarrafa abinci na ɓoda. Daga cikin dabbobi marsupial, tsakanin mahaifar ciki suna da mafi karancin hakora: duka a layuka na sama da na kasa akwai hakora masu yankan gaba guda 2, da kuma tauna hakora, amma basu da hakora masu kusurwa.
Wsafafun mata mai ƙarfi, tsoka da ƙarfi, akwai kuma wasu ƙusoshin hannu waɗanda suke a kan kowane yatsu biyar na kowane fara. Claws suna da babbar rawa a rayuwar dabba, tunda tare da taimakonsu zasu iya haƙa ramuka.
Omwararrun mata sun shahara da fasahar haƙawa, suna ƙirƙirar dukkanin masarautun ƙasa-don haka, a wasu lokuta akan basu lambar yabo ta masu hakar gwal da yawa. Ramin rami da aka haƙa ta hanyar su na iya kai tsayi zuwa mita 20 kuma zuwa faɗi zuwa mita 3.
Suna gina fadojin sararin samaniya wanda dukkan dangin zasu iya rayuwa a ciki. Duk da ƙaramin ƙwanƙwan ƙafafun, mahaifan ciki suna iya zuwa saurin zuwa 40 km / h. Hakanan suna iya hawa bishiyoyi har ma da iyo.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar mata
Ostiraliya ita ce mahaifar mahaifar, duk da haka, akwai kuma tsibirin Tasmania, inda zaku iya haɗuwa da irin waɗannan mazaunan baƙon. Saduwa da mace ba irin wannan bane, koda yake a dabi'ance yawansu ba karami bane.
Wannan saboda yanayin rayuwa ne, saboda galibi yana karkashin kasa. Sabili da haka, ga waɗannan dabbobi na musamman, babban abu shine ƙasa mai bushe, wanda babu ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ɗakunan duwatsu da adadi mai yawa na bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire.
Omwararrun mata suna gina dukkanin ƙauyuka a cikin ƙasa, a nan akwai manyan gidaje da titunan tituna masu wuyar fahimta - ramuka tare da mazaunan ƙasan ke motsawa. Mata masu shaƙatawa suna yin yawancin rana a cikin kabura.
Sun fi son rayuwar dare, don haka da rana suna hutawa kuma suna kwana a cikin gida masu fadi da sanyi, kuma da fitowar duhu sai su hau kan bene don dumama da hutawa.
Mata masu ciki suna zaune a cikin manyan kungiyoyi, sabili da haka, suna mamaye babban yanki don rayuwa. Wasu lokuta waɗannan dukkanin filayen ne har zuwa kadada 25. Don bayyana iyakokin abubuwan da suka mallaka, dabbobi suna yiwa yankin alama da najasar. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine kwankwaso suna da siffar shigen sukari.
Halin mutum abokantaka, ba sa jin tsoron mutane kwata-kwata. A cikin mazauninsu, kusan basu da abokan gaba. Koyaya, idan zasu kare yankinsu, sun zama masu rikici.
Lokacin da haɗari ya kusanto, sai su kalli mummunan kallo, fara girgiza kawunansu masu girman gaske kuma a lokaci guda suna fitar da sautin mara daɗi wanda yayi kama da moo.
Irin wannan ƙaddarar matan da aka ƙaddara sukan tsoratar da mai kawo harin. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to hari na iya faruwa, ana amfani da mahaifa wajen fada da kawunansu, kwatankwacin yadda awaki ko tumakin tumaki. Hotunan mahaifa a cikin mazauninsu na asali, gabaɗaya, suna da kyakkyawar fahimta da kwanciyar hankali, babban abin shine babu wata cibiyar haɗari ga waɗannan dabbobin a kusa.
Abinci
Sun faɗi game da mahaifa cewa lalle su gourmets ne na gaskiya kuma suna son abinci ne na ajin farko kawai, wanda suke samu don kansu ta hanyar taimakon ƙafafunsu. 'Yan mata suna son yin liyafa a kan ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, da kuma tushensu, mosses, wasu' ya'yan itace da namomin kaza. Don zaɓar mafi kyawun abinci ga kansu, mahaifa suna amfani da ƙanshin su da tsarin musamman na leɓɓansu da haƙoransu.
Don haka, suna iya yanke mafi ƙanƙan kuma mafi kyau harbe-harbe a ƙarƙashin tushen don jin daɗin babban dandano. Waɗannan dabbobi na musamman suna narkar da abinci har tsawon kwanaki 14, tunda suna da saurin narkewar abinci.
Omwaren dabbobi dabbobi ne da ba sa bukatar shan ruwa da yawa. Wannan ya sanya su kamanceceniya da masu yawo cikin hamada - raƙuma. Suna buƙatar 22 ml na ruwa kawai a kowace rana ta nauyin kilogiram 1. Sabili da haka, dabbar tana jure wa ƙishirwa cikin sauƙi, kuma yana iya yin ba tare da ruwa ba na ɗan lokaci.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar mace
Haihuwar woman matan da aka haifa bai dogara da lokacin shekara da yanayin yanayi ba. Sake haifuwa a mahaifa yana faruwa duk shekara. Koyaya, a yankuna masu bushewa, masana kimiyya har yanzu suna kiyaye haifuwa na yanayi.
'Yan mata - dabbobin marsupial, duk da haka, a cikin mata, jakunan suna cikin wata hanya ta musamman, ana mayar da su don kada su tsoma baki tare da tono ƙasa, kuma datti da ƙasa ba su shiga ciki.
Ciki na mata yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 20, to sai kawai a haifa cuban. Kodayake mace tana da nono guda biyu, ba zai yiwu ba ta dauki da ciyar da jarirai biyu.
Watanni 8 masu zuwa bayan haihuwa, jaririn yana zaune tare da mahaifiyarsa a cikin jaka, inda aka zagaye shi da kulawar kowane lokaci da kulawa. Koyaya, koda bayan barin wannan wurin mai daɗi, na kimanin shekara guda, kafin ya balaga, zai zauna kusa da mahaifiyarsa, wacce za ta ci gaba da kula da ɗanta.
A dabi'a, mahaifan mahaifa suna rayuwa kimanin shekaru 15, kuma a tsare zasu iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 20-25, duk ya dogara da yanayin kiyayewa da tsarin abinci, da sauran abubuwan.
