Dabbobin Ostiraliya suna wakiltar dubu 200. Dabbobin daji na wannan jihar tare da yanayi a ƙarƙashin tasirin tasirin ruwan teku daban-daban suna wakiltar kashi 93% na amphibians, 90% na kwari da kifi, 89% na dabbobi masu rarrafe da 83% na dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa
A Ostiraliya akwai kusan nau'ikan 380 na dabbobi masu shayarwa, wadanda suka hada da nau'ikan dabbobi 159, nau'o'in beraye 69 da jemage 76.... Yawancin umarni da dangi suna da matukar damuwa a yankin: Marsupial moles (Notoryctemorphia), Carnivorous marsupials (Dasyuromorphia), Echidnas da platypuses, Monotremata, Marsupial anteaters (Myrmecobiidae), Wombats (Vombatidae, ko scurvyom) da bears ...
Kangaroo mai gajeriyar fuska
Dabbar kuma ana kiranta da Tasmanian Rat Kangaroo (Bettongia gaimardi). Dabbar dabbar dabba daga gidan kangaroo an sanya mata suna ne daga masanin halitta Joseph-Paul Gemard (Faransa). Mangaro mai gajeriyar fuska yana da tsayin jiki 26-46 cm, tare da jela tsawon 26-31 cm Matsakaicin nauyi shine kilogram 1.5. A yanayin bayyanar su da tsarin su, irin wadannan dabbobi suna kama da kangaroos na bera mai fadi, tare da madubin hanci mai ja, gajeru da kunnuwa zagaye.
Quokka ko kangaroo mai ɗan gajeren lokaci
Quokka wata karamar dabba ce da ke zaune a kudu maso yammacin Australia. Wannan dabba ita ce mafi ƙarancin wakilcin wallaby (nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa, dangin kangaroo). Wannan marsupial yana ɗayan ƙaramin wallaby kuma ana kiransa quokka a cikin yaren Ostiraliya na gida. Nau'in yana wakiltar memba ɗaya. Quokka yana da babban, baya baya da ƙafafu na gajeru sosai. Maza masu matsakaicin nauyin kilogram 2.7-4.2, mata - 1.6-3.5. Namiji ya fi girma.
Koala
Phascolarctos cinereus na marsupials ne kuma yanzu shine kawai wakilin zamani na dangin koala (Phascolarctidae). Irin wadannan marsupial-incisor-incisor (Diprotodontia) sun yi kama da mahaifa, amma suna da furci mai kauri, manyan kunnuwa da dogayen kafafuwa, da kuma fika masu kaifi. Hakoran koala suna dacewa sosai da nau'in abinci mai cin ganye, kuma halayyar jinkirin wannan dabbar tana da ma'ana daidai da yanayin abinci mai gina jiki.
Shaidan Tasmaniyya
Iblis din Marsupial, ko kuma Tasmaniyanci (Sarcophilus harrisii) mai shayarwa ne daga cikin Iyalan Marsupial Carnivorous kuma shine kawai jinsin halittu a cikin halittar Sarcophilus. Dabbar ta bambanta da launin ta baƙar fata, babbar baki mai kaifi da hakora, kukan dare mai ban tsoro da kuma mummunan yanayi. Godiya ga nazarin yanayin halittu, zai yiwu a tabbatar da kusancin dangantakar shaidan marsupal tare da masu rikitarwa, da kuma kyakkyawar alaƙa tare da kerkeci na thylacine (Thylacine cynocephalus), wanda ya ƙare a yau.
Echidna
A cikin bayyanar, echidnas yayi kama da ƙaramin ɗan kwalliya, wanda aka lulluɓe shi da baƙin gashi da allurai. Tsawon jiki na dabba baligi yakai cm 28-30. Leben suna da sifa mai kama da baki.
Gabobin echidna sun kasance gajeru kuma masu ƙarfi, tare da manyan fiƙu waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don haƙawa. Echidna bashi da hakora, kuma bakin shine karamin. Asalin abincin dabbar yana wakiltar kwari da tururuwa, da sauran matsakaitan matsakaita.
Fox kuzu
An san dabbar ma da sunaye na goge goge, posum mai kama da fox, da kuzu-fox gama gari (Trichosurus vulpecula). Wannan dabba mai shayarwa ta dangi ne. Tsawon jiki na baligi kuzu ya bambanta tsakanin 32-58 cm, tare da tsawon jela tsakanin 24-40 cm kuma nauyin kilogram 1.2-4.5. Wutsiya tana da laushi da tsawo. Yana da ƙuƙumi mai kaifi, maimakon dogayen kunnuwa, launin toka ko furcin ruwan kasa. Hakanan ana samun zabiya a mazauninsu.
Oman mata
Wombats (Vombatidae) wakilai ne na dangin dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma tsari na incisors biyu. Burbin ciyawar ciyawar ciyayi suna kama da manyan hamsters ko ƙananan beyar a bayyane. Tsawon jikin mace mai girma ya bambanta tsakanin 70-130 cm, tare da matsakaita nauyin 20-45 kg. Daga cikin dukkan masu rai, mafi girma a wannan lokacin shine faffadan goshin mace.
Gidaje
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) dabba ce mai shayarwa daga tsarin monotremes. Wakilin kawai na zamani wanda yake na dangin platypuses (Ornithorhynchidae), tare da echidnas, sune keɓaɓɓun umarnin monotremes (Monotremata).
Irin waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da kusanci da dabbobi masu rarrafe ta hanyoyi da yawa. Tsawon jikin dabba babba 30-40 cm, tare da jela tsawon 10-15 cm kuma nauyinsa bai wuce 2 kg ba. Jiki da gajerun kafafu an hada su da wata wutsiyar wutsiya wacce aka lullube ta da gashi.
Tsuntsaye
Fiye da nau'ikan nau'ikan ɗari takwas na tsuntsaye daban-daban ana samunsu a Ostiraliya, wanda kusan 350 ke cikin wannan yankin na zoogeographic. Dabbobi iri-iri masu gashin tsuntsu alama ce ta wadataccen yanayi a nahiyar kuma yana nuni da ƙananan masu cin nama.
Emu
Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) yana wakiltar tsuntsayen da ke ƙarƙashin tsarin cassowary. Wannan mafi girman tsuntsayen Australiya shine na biyu mafi girma bayan jimina. Wani lokaci da suka wuce, an rarraba wakilan jinsunan azaman kamar jimina, amma an sake yin wannan ra'ayoyin a cikin shekaru 80 na karnin da ya gabata. Tsawon tsuntsu mai girma shine 150-190 cm, tare da nauyin 30-55 kg. Emus na iya gudu da gudu na kilomita 50 / h, kuma sun fi son yin rayuwar makiyaya, galibi suna yin tafiya mai nisa don neman abinci. Tsuntsayen ba su da hakora, saboda haka tana haɗiye duwatsu da wasu abubuwa masu wuya waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen nika abinci a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci.
Kwalba kokatoo
Tsuntsaye (Callocephalon fimbriatum) na dangin kyankyaso ne kuma a halin yanzu su kadai ne jinsin halittar. Tsawon jikin babban kwalkwali kwalkwali na 32-37 ne kawai, mai nauyin 250-280 g. Babban launi na dutsen tsuntsaye launin toka ne, kuma kowane gashin tsuntsu yana da iyakar toka. Kan da ƙirar irin waɗannan tsuntsayen suna da launi mai ruwan ɗumi mai haske. Abdomenananan ciki da kuma saman jelar suna da iyakar ruwan lemu-rawaya. Wutsiya da fikafikan suna launin toka. Bakin bakin mai launi ne mai haske. A cikin matan wannan nau'in, ƙwanƙolin da kai suna da launin toka-toka.
Dariya kookabara
Tsuntsayen, wanda aka fi sani da suna Kingfisher mai dariya, ko Kookaburra, ko Giant Kingfisher (Dacelo novaeguineae), na dangin sarki ne. Wakilan fuka-fukai masu cin nama masu matsakaicin girma da girma a cikin gini. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin tsuntsu baligi shine 45-47 cm, tare da fikafikan 63-65 cm, tare da kimanin 480-500 g. Babban fentin an zana shi da launin toka, fari-fari da launin ruwan kasa. Bakin tsuntsun yana da tsayi. Tsuntsaye suna yin sauti na musamman, wadanda suke da kamanni da dariya irin na mutane.
Babban katako
Tsuntsayen Ostiraliya (Alectura lathami) na dangin babban kafa ne. Matsakaicin tsayin babban takalmin katako mai girma ya bambanta tsakanin 60-75 cm, wanda ba shi da fiffika mai tsayi da ba zai wuce cm 85 ba.Wannan shi ne mafi girman jinsin dangi a Ostiraliya. Launin abin da ke jikin lafin tsuntsayen galibi baki ne, fararen fata suna nan a ɓangaren ɓangaren jikin.
Hakanan ana wakiltar wakilan wannan nau'in da dogayen ƙafa da jan kai ba tare da fuka-fukai ba. Maza manya a lokacin saduwa ana rarrabe su ta makogwaron makogwaro na launin rawaya ko launin shuɗi mai launin toka.
Dabbobi masu rarrafe da amphibians
Gandun daji na Australiya suna da yawan macizai, gami da murnar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da nau'ikan haɗari, waɗanda suka haɗa da maciji mai haɗari, macizai na Australiya da na damisa, da kuma kada da kwadi da ba a saba gani ba. Ana samun ƙadangare da yawa a cikin yankuna na hamada, waɗanda geckos da ledoji ke wakilta, da kuma asananan Lizards masu ban mamaki.
Kada kada
Haɗaɗɗen kada babban yanki ne na tsarin kada da dangin kada na coan'adam. Babban mai farautar ƙasa ko mai cin ruwa a bakin teku yana halin tsawan tsayi zuwa mita bakwai tare da matsakaicin nauyi har zuwa tan biyu. Wannan dabbar tana da babban kai da muƙamuƙi masu nauyi. Matasan kadodi masu launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa masu launin rawaya mai haske ko tabo a duk jikinsu. Launin tsofaffin mutane ya zama mara kyau, kuma raunin yana ɗaukar hoto. Sikeli na kodin da aka tsefe yana da siffa mai kyau kuma ƙananan ƙananan girma, kuma girman jelar ya kai kusan 50-55% na jimlar irin wannan dabbar.
Lebur-kai shebur
The Australian Desert Toad (Litoria platycephala) ɗan kwado ne na Australiya a cikin dangin itace bishiyar (Hylidae). Jimlar tsawon tsayin dutsen ya kai 5-7 cm. Wakilan jinsin ana rarrabe su da babban kai, kasancewar wani membrane mai hazo, da ikon adawa da yatsunsu na ciki a ƙafafun gaba ga duk wasu, kazalika da ci gaba mai kyau da aiki membranes masu ninka yatsun a ƙafafun kafa. Babban muƙamuƙi an sanye shi da haƙora. Ana ɗaukar huhu sosai zuwa bayan jiki. Launin baya baya-koren-zaitun. Ciki mai launi fari ne, kuma akwai ƙananan launuka kore a yankin makogwaro.
Pythons masu ban sha'awa
Wasan tseren Australian rhombic (Morelia) na cikin jinsin macizai marasa dafi da kuma dangin Python. Tsawon dabbobi masu rarrafe ya bambanta daga mita 2.5 zuwa 3.0. Endemic zuwa Ostiraliya na iya yin rayuwa ta rayuwa da ta ƙasa, kuma ya dace sosai da zama cikin yanayin hamada. Lizards da kwari iri-iri sun zama abinci ga samari, kuma abincin tsuntsaye na manya suna wakiltar ƙananan tsuntsaye da rodents. Matasa suna zuwa farauta galibi da rana, yayin da manyan mutane da maza suka fi son farautar abincinsu da daddare.
Gwagwaro mai kitse
Garken Australiya (Underwoodisaurus milii) an sanya masa suna bayan ɗan halitta Pierre Milius (Faransa). Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsaran baligi ya kai 12-14 cm Jikin yana da launin ruwan hoda. Hakanan ana iya ganin tabarau mai haske a baya da kan. Wutsiya tana da kauri, duhu, kusan baƙi. An rufe jela da jiki da ƙananan farin speck. Gwanin gecko ya isa. Maza suna da kumburi biyu a tarnaƙi a gindin wutsiya kuma suna da hudaya mata waɗanda suke a ƙashin ƙafafun kafa na baya. Irin waɗannan pores din ana amfani da su ne kawai ta geckos kawai don ɓoye musk. Liadangaren ƙasar yana zaune a cikin hamada da kuma hamada, yana iya yin saurin isa kuma yana aiki da dare. Da rana, dabbar ta fi son ɓoyewa a ƙarƙashin ganyaye da duwatsu.
Kadangaren gemu
Agama Mai Gemu (Pogona barbata) ƙadangare ne na Ostiraliya mallakar dangin Agamaceae. Jimlar girman baligi ya kai 55-60 cm, tare da tsayin jiki a cikin kwata na mita. Launin yankin baya yana da shuɗi, mai ɗanɗano-zaitun, mai rawaya. Tare da tsananin tsoro, kalar kadangarun sai kara haske yakeyi. Ciki kala ne a launuka masu haske. Jiki ne mai motsi. Yawancin spines masu tsayi da yawa suna ko'ina cikin maƙogwaro, suna wucewa zuwa sassan gefen kai. Akwai kumburin fata na fata a cikin maƙogwaro wanda ke tallafawa tsawan ɓangaren ƙashin hyoid. An kawata bayan kadangaren tare da dan lankwashe da doguwar kashin baya.
Cikakken Lizard
Wakilan jinsunan (Chlamydosaurus kingii), na dangin agamic, kuma sune kawai wakilin jinsi Chlamydosaurus. Tsawon babban ƙadangare mai nauyin 80-100 cm, amma mata sun fi maza ƙanƙanta. Launin jiki daga launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa zuwa launin ruwan kasa.
Wakilan jinsin ana rarrabe su da doguwar wutsiyar su, kuma mafi mahimmancin sanannen fasalin shine kasancewar babban dunkulellen fatar jikin mutum wanda yake kusa da kai kuma yana dab da jiki. Ana samar da irin wannan ninki tare da jijiyoyin jini da yawa. Zardadangaren frill yana da gaɓoɓin ƙarfi da kaifi.
Kifi
Fiye da nau'in kifi dubu 4 da dubu 4 da dari 4 ne aka gano a cikin ruwan Ostiraliya, wani muhimmin bangare da ke da cutar. Duk da haka, nau'ikan 170 ne kawai masu tsaftataccen ruwa. A Ostiraliya, babban jijiyar ruwa ita ce Kogin Murray, wanda ke ratsa Kudancin Australia, Victoria da Queensland, da New South Wales.
Ostiraliya bracken
Bracken (Myliobatis australis) na cikin nau'in kifin ne da ke guringuntsi daga jinsin halittar bracken da dangin dangogin daga hasken zari da sarkoki. Wannan kifin yana da matukar damuwa ga ruwa mai zurfin teku wanda ke wanke gabar kudu kuma ana samun sa a gefen bakin teku. Fitsarin fuka-fukai na irin wadannan haskoki ana cakuɗe su da kai, kuma suna samar da faifan lu'u-lu'u. Halin hancin sa mai kama da hancin duck a cikin bayyanar sa. Akwai ƙaya mai dafi a kan jela. Fuskar faɗakarwa ta bayan fure launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ne ko zaitun-koren launuka masu launin shuɗi ko gajeren ratsi masu lanƙwasa.
Horntooth
Barramunda (Neoceratodus forsteri) wani nau'in kifi ne mai numfashi da huhu wanda yake mallakar nau'ikan halittar Neoceratodus. Babban cututtukan Ostiraliya yana da tsayi daga 160-170 cm, wanda nauyinsa bai wuce kilogiram 40 ba. Hannar horntooth tana tattare da cikakken jiki mai matsattse, wanda aka rufe shi da manyan sikeli. Fins ne na jiki. Launin haƙoran shanu na monochromatic ne, daga launin ruwan kasa-ja-ja zuwa launin toka-mai-kaushi, da ɗan haske a yankin na gefe. Yankin ciki yana da launi daga launin farin-azurfa zuwa launukan rawaya mai haske. Kifin yana rayuwa ne a cikin ruwa mai gudana a hankali kuma ya fi son wuraren da ciyawar ruwa ta mamaye su.
Salamander lepidogalaxy
Lepidogalaxias salamandroides shine kifin mai haske wanda aka sanya masa ruwa kuma yanzu shine kawai wakilin jinsi Lepidogalaxias daga umarnin Lepidogalaxiiformes da dangin Lepidogalaxiidae. Endemic zuwa yankin kudu maso yamma na Australiya yana da tsayin jiki a cikin kewayon 6.7-7.4 cm Jikin yana da tsayi, silinda a cikin sifa, an rufe shi da sikeli sosai da ƙananan sikeli. Fushin caudal na mazaunin ruwa yana da zagaye sananne, halayyar siffar lanceolate. Launin jikin jikin kifin koren ruwan kasa ne. Gefen suna da launi launi tare da ɗimbin duhu da yawa da kuma sillar azurfa. Yankin ciki fari ne fari. Tsarin yanar gizo a kan fika-fikai a bayyane yake. Kifin ba shi da tsokar ido, don haka ba zai iya juya idanunsa ba, amma ya tanƙwara wuyansa sauƙi.
Urolof mai fadi
Urolophus na Ostiraliya (Urolophus expansus), wanda yake cikin dangi ne na gajeren wando da kuma tsari na stingrays, suna rayuwa a zurfin da bai wuce mita 400-420 ba. An kafa faifan rhomboid mai faɗi ta ɓangarorin firam na ɓoye, gefen dorsal wanda yake launin toka-kore. Akwai layuka masu rauni a bayan idanu. Yankin fata mai kusurwa huɗu yana tsakanin hanci da hanci. Akwai ganye mai siffar ganye a ƙarshen gajeren wutsiya. Wani kashin kashin baya yana nan a tsakiyar jijiyar wuya, kuma fincin kashin baya kwata-kwata babu shi.
Grey gama shark
Girasar launin toka (Glyphis glyphis) wani nau'in nau'in nau'in abu ne wanda ke cikin dangin sharks masu launin toka kuma ana samun sa ne kawai a cikin turbid, ruwa mai saurin motsawa tare da matakan gishiri iri-iri. Irin waɗannan kifayen kifayen suna da babban gini, launin toka, mai faɗi da gajere hanci, ƙananan idanu. Fin na biyu na dorsal yana da girma babba, kuma tabo baƙaƙƙen fata suna a ƙarshen ƙarshen firam ɗin firam. Hakoran suna da kyau. Muƙamuƙin na sama yana da manyan hakora uku-uku tare da murfin mai faɗi. Jawananan jaw yana wakiltar kunkuntar, haƙoran kama da mashi tare da ɗauke sama. Matsakaicin matsakaicin baligi ya kai mita uku.
Galaxia mai haske
Spot galaxia (Galaxias maculatus) wani nau'in kifi ne mai hade da dangin Galaxiidae. Kifi mai yalwa yana ciyar da wani muhimmin ɓangare na rayuwarsu a cikin ruwa mai tsabta, yana taɓuwa a cikin ɗakunan kogin da kuma tsattsauran ra'ayi.A cikin watanni shida na farko, yara da larba masu kiba a cikin ruwan teku, bayan haka suna komawa cikin ruwan koginsu na asali. Jiki yana da tsawo, ba shi da ma'auni. Finsun ƙugu suna cikin tsakiyar yankin ciki. Kudin finafinai ba ya nan kwata-kwata, kuma finafinan dan bifurcated ne. Tsawon jiki ya kai cm 12-19. Sashin sama na jiki launin ruwan zaitun ne mai ɗigon duhu da ratsiyoyin bakan gizo, ana iya rarrabewa sosai yayin da kifin ya motsa.
Gizo-gizo
Ana ɗaukar gizo-gizo a matsayin halittu masu haɗari masu haɗari a cikin Ostiraliya. Dangane da wasu ƙididdigar, jimillar adadin su kusan nau'in dubu 10 ne waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin halittu daban-daban. Koyaya, gizo-gizo galibi basu da haɗari ga mutane fiye da sharks da macizai.
Sydney Leukopaut Gizo-gizo
Gwanin gizo-gizo (Atrax robustus) shine mamallakin dafin da gizo-gizo ya samar mai yawa, kuma dogon chelicerae ya sanya shi mafi haɗari a Australia. Gizo-gizo Funnel suna da ciki mai tsayi, beige da launin ruwan kasa, tare da gabobin kafafuwa da doguwar kafa na gaba.
Red baya gizo-gizo
Ana iya samun Redback (Latrodectus hasselti) kusan ko'ina a cikin Ostiraliya, gami da ma biranen da ke da yawan jama'a. Irin waɗannan gizo-gizo galibi suna ɓoyewa a cikin inuwa da wuraren bushewa, sheds da akwatin gidan waya. Guba tana da tasiri mai ƙarfi a kan tsarin juyayi, yana iya haifar da haɗari ga mutane, amma ɗan ƙaramin gizo-gizo chelicerae sau da yawa yakan sa cizon ba shi da muhimmanci.
Mouse gizo-gizo
Gizo-gizo (Missulena) memba ne na jinsin gizo-gizo na migalomorphic wanda yake na dangin Actinopodidae. Girman babban gizo-gizo ya bambanta tsakanin 10-30 mm. Cephalothorax yana da nau'i mai santsi, tare da ɓangaren kai da ƙarfi sosai sama da yankin thoracic. Jima'i dimorphism galibi yana cikin launi. Gizo-gizo na Mouse yana ciyar da yawancin kwari, amma kuma suna da ikon farautar wasu, ƙananan dabbobi.
Kwari
'Yan Australia sun daɗe da sanin cewa kwari a cikin ƙasarsu galibi suna da girma kuma suna da haɗari ga mutane. Wasu kwarin Ostiraliya masu jigilar abubuwa ne masu haifar da cututtuka masu haɗari, gami da cututtukan fungal da zazzaɓi.
Naman tururuwa
Batun tururin naman Australiya (Iridomyrmex purpureus) na ƙananan tururuwa ne (Formicidae) da kuma dangin gidan Dolichoderinae. Ya bambanta a cikin mummunan hali. Mutum dubu 64 ne ke wakiltar dangin naman tururuwa. Da yawa daga cikin waɗannan nests suna haɗuwa a cikin manyan ƙasashe tare da tsawon tsawon har zuwa mita 600-650.
Jirgin Ruwa Na Ulysses
Littafin malam buɗe ido Sailboat Ulysses (Papilio (= Achillides) ulysses) na gidan jirgin ruwan ne (Papilionidae). Kwarin na da fika-fikai har zuwa 130-140 mm. Launin baya na fuka-fuki baƙar fata ne, a cikin maza da manyan filayen shuɗi mai haske ko shuɗi. Akwai iyaka baki mai fadi a gefunan fikafikan. Wingsananan fuka-fuki suna da wutsiyoyi tare da ƙarin kari.
Cactus asu
Cactus asu na Australiya (Cactoblastis cactorum) memba ne na jinsin Lepidoptera kuma dangin asu. Inarami a cikin girma, malam buɗe ido yana da launi mai ruwan kasa-mai-toka, yana da eriya da ƙafafu dogaye. Gabatarwan suna da sifa iri daban daban sannan kuma hanawar suna da launi fari. Fuka-fukan samarin manyan mata sune 27-40 mm.
Ma'aunin shuni
Kwarin kwalliyar Violet (Parlatoria oleae) na mallakar kwarin hemiptera coccidian ne daga jinsin Parlatoria da dangin Scale (Diaspididae). Gwargwadon ƙwayar kwari mummunan cuta ne a cikin yawancin kayan lambu. Babban launi na kwarin shine fari-rawaya, rawaya-ruwan kasa ko ruwan hoda-rawaya. Ciki ya kasu kashi biyu, kuma pygidium ya bunkasa sosai.
