Momonga halayya ce wacce aka shirya don zane-zanen Jafananci, waɗanda masu kirkirarta suke son zana haruffa tare da manyan idanu masu bayyana, kamar wannan ƙaramar dabba. Kuma ana samun squaramar tsuntsu mai tashi sama a cikin Japan.
Bayanin kwarton jirgin saman Jafananci
Pteromys momonga (ƙaramar / Jafananci mai tashi sama) na cikin jinsin Asianan tsuntsun Asiya ne, wanda wani ɓangare ne na dangin squirrel na umarnin rodent. Dabbar ta sami takamaiman sunan ta saboda Land of the Rising Sun, inda ake kiranta "ezo momonga" kuma har ma an daga ta zuwa matsayin mai dabo.
Bayyanar
Jirgin Jafananci mai tashi sama ya yi kama da ƙaramar squirrel, amma har yanzu ya bambanta da shi a cikin bayanai da yawa, mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu shine kasancewar membobin fata na fata tsakanin gaba da ƙafafun baya. Godiya ga wannan na'urar, Momonga ta shirya daga bishiya zuwa bishiya.... Berayen yakai girman tafin hannun ɗan adam (12-23 cm) kuma nauyinsa bai wuce kilogiram 0.2 ba, amma yana da ban mamaki mai ban sha'awa, babban kayan kwalliyar wanda ake ɗauka idanuwa masu haske. Af, girmansu babba ya samo asali ne saboda yanayin rayuwar dare wanda ke tashi da tashin Jafananci.
Gashi ya isa, mai laushi, amma mai yawa. Tailarin jelar (daidai yake da 2/3 na jiki) ana matse shi koyaushe a baya kuma ya kai kusan kai. Gashi a kan jela ba shi da ɗan goge goge gefe-gefe. Momonga launuka ne masu launin azurfa ko launin toka; a ciki, launi ya bambanta daga fari zuwa rawaya mai datti. Bugu da ƙari, iyakar tsakanin suturar haske a kan ciki da launin ruwan kasa mai ruwan toka a baya koyaushe ana furtawa. Wani bambanci daga squirrel shine kunnuwa masu kyau ba tare da tassels a tukwici ba.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Kura-kuran Jafananci dabbobi ne na zamantakewar al'umma: a dabi'ance galibi suna rayuwa bibbiyu kuma ba sa son fara faɗa. Suna aiki a magriba da daddare. Ana lura da farkawa da rana a cikin samari da mata masu shayarwa. Momongi tana jagorantar hanyar rayuwa mai banƙyama, tana yin gidajan gida a cikin rami da yadudduka na bishiyoyi, sau da yawa pines (mita 3 zuwa 12 daga ƙasa), a cikin raƙuman duwatsu, ko zama gida gida bayan dawa da tsuntsaye. Ana amfani da lasin da gansakuka a matsayin kayan gini.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Galibi ba sa shiga cikin bacci, amma suna iya faɗa cikin taƙaitaccen ɗan gajeren lokaci, musamman a cikin mummunan yanayi. A wannan lokacin, Momonga ba ta bar gidanta ba.
Fata mai laushi, wanda ke taimakawa tashi, a cikin kwanciyar hankali ya juya zuwa "bargo", wanda aka miƙa a lokacin da ya dace saboda albarkatun jinjirin da ke jikin wuyan hannu.
Kafin tsalle, tsuntsayen Jafananci masu tashi sama suna hawa zuwa saman sosai kuma suna shirin ƙasa tare da lanƙwasa mai lankwasa, tana yaɗa gabobin gabanta sosai kuma suna danna ƙashin bayan kafa zuwa wutsiya. Wannan shine yadda ake kirkirar alwatika mai rai wanda zai iya canza alkibla ta hanyar digiri 90: kawai dole ne ku haɓaka ko rage tashin hankali na membrane. Ta wannan hanyar, wani ɗan ƙaramin kurege mai tashi yana rufe nisan 50-60 m, lokaci-lokaci yana jagorantar tare da wutsiyarsa mai daushin fata, wanda galibi ke aiki kamar birki.
Har yaushe Jirgin Jafananci mai tashi sama yake rayuwa?
A dabi'a, 'yan iska masu tashi sama na Jafananci suna rayuwa kaɗan, kimanin shekaru 5, suna ƙaruwa kusan sau uku (har zuwa shekaru 9-13) lokacin da suka shiga wuraren shakatawa na zoological ko yanayin gida. Gaskiya ne, akwai ra'ayi cewa Momongi ba ta da tushe sosai a cikin bauta saboda rashin sararin da ake buƙata don su yi tsalle.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Squananan tsuntsayen da ke tashi sama, a matsayin yanki na ƙarshe ga Japan, suna rayuwa ne kawai a kan tsibirin Japan da yawa - Kyushu, Honshu, Shikoku da Hokkaido.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Mazaunan tsibirin na ƙarshe, waɗanda suka ɗauki dabbar a matsayin abin jan hankali a cikin gida, sun ɗora hotonsa a kan tikitin jirgin ƙasa na yanki (wanda aka yi niyya don amfani da yawa).
Momongi tana zaune a cikin dazukan tsibirin da ke kan tudu, inda bishiyoyi masu danshi da ke tsirowa suke girma.
Abincin Momonga
Yankin abincin Jafananci mai tashi sama ya dace da ciyawar ciyawa mai dauke da zaren igiya.
Abinci a cikin yanayi
Tsarin menu na Momonga ya mamaye abincin tsire-tsire, lokaci-lokaci ana haɗa shi da furotin na dabbobi (ƙwari). Iran tsuntsu mai yawo da son rai yana cin abinci:
- kwayoyi;
- allura harbe;
- buds da 'yan kunne;
- ƙananan haushi na katako (aspen, Willow da maple);
- tsaba;
- namomin kaza;
- 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itatuwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Don neman abinci, ungulu masu tashi sama suna nuna ƙwarewa da azama, ba sa jin tsoron mamaye kogunan tsaunuka masu sauri. Dabbobin suna tsalle ba tare da tsoro ba a kan kwakwalwan kwamfuta / gungumomi suna iyo, suna sarrafa su tare da taimakon jelar su.
Suna yawanci shirya lokacin hunturu ta hanyar adana abinci a asirtattun wurare.
Abinci a cikin bauta
Idan kun ajiye kuran ku na tashi a gida, sanya shi cikakken abinci. Don yin wannan, ciyar da dabbobin ku da shuke-shuke kamar:
- sabobin tsire-tsire na Birch da Willow;
- 'yan kunne alder;
- 'ya'yan rowan;
- mazugi;
- latas, dandelion da ganyen kabeji;
- harbe-harben aspen da maple;
- buds bishiyoyi.
Tabbatar kun hada da itacen al'ul, spruce, pine, da sunflower da 'ya'yan kabewa a cikin abincinku. Idan ka sayi tsaba daga shagon, tabbatar cewa basu da gishiri. Lokaci-lokaci, zaka iya ba da sandunan hatsi kuma a cikin tsaka-tsaka matsakaitan ƙwayoyi - goro (goro da pecans). Don kula da daidaiton alli, ciyar da dabbar lemu mai lemu sau biyu a mako.
A lokacin hunturu, ana ciyar da Momonga da allurar fir, porcini / chanterelles (bushe) da rassan larch da ƙananan Cones. A lokacin rani suna ledawa da kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itatuwa da kwari.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Lokacin saduwa don samari masu tashi sama suna farawa a farkon bazara. A wannan lokacin, ana maye gurbin aikin su na yamma da rana. Jima'i na jima'i yana ruɗar da hankali, kuma Momongi suna rige-rigen bi da bi da juna, suna manta duk wani taka tsantsan. Yawo masu yawo sun haɓaka sifar jima'i, kuma namiji daga mace ana iya rarrabe shi tun yana ƙarami.
Mahimmanci! Sashin jikin namiji yana kusa da ciki, amma yayi nesa da dubura. A mace, ya kusan kusa da dubura. Bugu da kari, "tubercle" na namiji koyaushe yana fitowa a bayyane, yana kara girma lokacin da ya balaga.
Gestation yayi makonni 4 kuma ya ƙare tare da brood na 1-5 yara. Yarda da mata, kare zuriyar, sun zama masu zafin rai. A cikin shekara, Jawabin Jafananci mai tashi sama yana kawo broa 1-2an 1-2, na farko wanda yawanci ya bayyana a watan Mayu, na biyu kuma a kusan Yuni - farkon Yuli. Animalsananan dabbobi sun sami cikakken 'yanci makonni 6 bayan haihuwa.
Makiya na halitta
A cikin daji, manyan mujiya suna farautar su da ke yawo a Japan, kadan kadan daga marten, sable, weasel da ferret. Wata dabara ta musamman da masu kuda da ke shawagi a karshen jirgi ke amfani da ita wajen kauce wa masu farauta. Saukowa a kan akwati yana faruwa da hanzari, kaɗan daga gefe.
Yana zuwa cikin ƙasa, Momonga ya ɗauki tsaye, yana manne da wata bishiya mai gaɓoɓi huɗu lokaci ɗaya, bayan haka nan take sai ta koma gefe ɗaya na akwatin.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Gashi na squirrel mai tashi sama da Jafananci yayi kama da laushi da laushi mai laushi na chinchilla. Ana iya amfani dashi don kammala kayan waje ko samfuran kayan ɗamara, in ba don ƙarancin juriyarsa ba. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa momonga bai taba zama batun farautar kasuwanci ba. Kodayake, saboda karancin yawan jama'a, an sanya jinsunan a cikin Jerin Jaja na Kungiyar Hadin Kan Kasa da Kasa a shekarar 2016 tare da lafazin "hadari".
Yana da ban sha'awa! Jafananci suna da dangantaka da "ezo momonga" ta yadda ba koyaushe suke zana wadannan kyawawan marayu ba, amma kuma suna sa ido kan sakin kayan kwalliyar da aka cakuda da kamannun samari masu tashi sama na Jafananci.
