Ocelot (Leorardus yafada)

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Ocelot (Leorardus pardalis) dabba ce mai farauta, dabba mai shayarwa ta dangin dangi. Wurin da take cikin teku, ko kuma abin da ake kira "filin jaguar", shine yankin Amurka.

Bayanin kifin teku

Kyakkyawar kyakkyawa, ba katuwar kyan daji ba, ta samo sunanta ne daga Indiyawa, tare da waɗanda ta raba yankin dazukan Amurka. Bayanai na waje masu matukar kyau da kuma son koyo, sun sanya damar kiyaye wannan dabbar koda a gida.

Bayyanar

Matsakaicin tsawon balagaggen yadin da ya girma daga saman jela zuwa yankin kai na iya bambanta daga mita daya zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi, tare da tsayi a bushe har zuwa cm 50. nauyin ocelot ya bambanta tsakanin kilo 10-16. Isassun ƙafafu suna bawa naman daji siririn siririyar ɗabi'a da kyan gani sosai. Legsafafun baya suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma a bayyane sun fi na gaban kafa. A kan babba mai nauyi kaɗan, mara nauyi, manyan idanu masu bayyana sosai suna bambanta sosai.

Babban launin gashi mai launin ruwan kasa ne mai launin rawaya, tare da halayyar gaske, launuka masu launin zobe-zobe. Jawo a cikin zoben da aka rina yana da ɗan duhu fiye da gashin da ke kewaye da su.

Yankin wuya da sassan jiki a kusa da kafadu suna da yanayi mai sauƙi mai sauƙi na aibobi zuwa ratsi. A kan yatsun kafa na ocelot, ƙirar ba ta da manyan dige. Girman da yankin ciki fari ne, kuma kunnuwan babban kifin daji baƙi ne, tare da manyan ɗigon fari fari.

Yana da ban sha'awa! A bayyane, masanan ruwan Amurka suna kamanceceniya da matsakaiciyar sifa mai tsaka-tsaka ko damisa mai matsakaiciya.

Salon rayuwa

Manya, balagaggun masanan basu yarda da kowane irin dabba ba, saboda haka suna yiwa iyakokin yankunansu cikakke da fitsari mai kamshi. Waɗannan alamun na halitta suna ba da damar kuliyoyi na feral don guje wa rikice-rikice marasa amfani.

Mata ne kaɗai ke da izinin a yankin da namiji ke kariya. Matsakaicin yanki na yanki na kowane ɗa namiji na iya isa kilomita 302, da mata - har zuwa 13-14 km2... Yankin maza koyaushe yana jujjuya wurare biyu da mata ɗaya ko biyu.

A ka’ida, masu ruwan teku su kadai ne. Cirƙirar gajeren lokaci an halicce su ne ta hanyar kuliyoyin daji kawai a lokacin saduwa. Babban aikin yawanci ana nuna shi ta dabbobi masu cin nama tare da farkon duhu. A lokutan zafi da rana, wadanda ake kira "damisa damisa" sun fi son zama a cikin ramuka na bishiyoyi masu girman jiki ko kuma tsakanin ciyayi masu danshi.

Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin yanayin yanayi, masu ruwan teku masu ninkaya ne na halitta, kuma suna da saurin motsawa a cikin hawa bishiyoyi har ma da tsaunuka masu tsayi..

Tsawon rayuwa

A cikin yanayin yanayi, waɗanda gandun daji masu zafi da shrubs ke wakilta, matsakaiciyar rayuwar rayuwar ocelot, a ƙa'ida, bai wuce shekaru goma sha huɗu ba, kuma a cikin zaman talala, tare da kulawa mai kyau da isasshen motsa jiki, dabba mai cin nama na iya rayuwa kwata-kwata na karni.

Wurin zama da mazauni

Strongarfi mai ƙarfi, mai ban sha'awa da siriri dabbar daji na iya wakiltar ta ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa. Dukansu suna zaune ne a yankunan daji na wurare masu zafi a Amurka ta Tsakiya, haka kuma a arewacin da tsakiyar Kudancin Amurka. Yankin mafi yawan arewa maso gabas da ke cikin teku shi ne jihar Texac ta Amurka. Hakanan, an lura da adadi mai yawa na kudancin Arizona na Arewacin Amurka.

Makiya na halitta

Babban maƙiyan ƙasa na ocelot ana ɗaukarsu manya, masu zafin rai, gami da jaguar masu ƙarfi da kuma manyan kwarto. Koda boas, caimans da anacondas na iya zama barazana ga samari.... Koyaya, haɗarin gaske ga irin wannan dabbar daji da mai saurin ɗaukewar mutane ita ce mutane.

Jawo Ocelot yana da kyau ƙwarai kuma ana buƙata akan kasuwa, sabili da haka, har zuwa kwanan nan, ya cancanci jin daɗin farin jini mai ban sha'awa kuma yana da daraja sosai. Saboda wadannan dalilan ne yasa aka gudanar da gagarumar farauta mai matukar karfi ga mai cin naman wurare masu zafi. A yau, dukkan masarufi nau'ikan kuliyoyin daji ne, wadanda ake musu barazanar bacewa gaba daya.

Ocelot rage cin abinci

Ocelot haifaffen mafarauci ne. Don farauta, masu ruwan teku koyaushe suna samowa kansu matsuguni amintacce kuma mai matukar dacewa, daga inda za'a iya farautar abin da ya dace da kyanwar daji tare da gani na musamman da jin sa'o'i da yawa. Tsuntsayen ruwa da yawa suna farautar ƙananan dabbobi da matsakaita, waɗanda zomaye, da kowane irin ɓoyi da agouti, da ƙadangare da tsuntsaye, da macizai ke wakilta.

Wani lokaci kyanwa na kama manyan kwari, kayan kwalliya daban-daban har ma da amphibians. A yayin farauta, kyankyamin daji na iya bin abin da yake farauta na dogon lokaci ba tare da barin matsuguni ba. A cikin keɓaɓɓun lamura, kaji ko dabbobi na iya zama ganimar ocelot.

Sake haifuwa da zuriya

Matan Ocelot sun balaga yayin da suka shekara ɗaya da rabi. Maza sun zama cikakku kuma suna shirye don tsarin kiwo kadan daga baya, a kusan shekaru biyu da rabi. Tsuntsayen ruwa ba su da bambancin ma'anar haihuwa, amma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, babban abin da ke haifar da dabbobin daji masu cin nama ya faɗi ne daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba.

Ciki mace na ɗaukar kimanin watanni biyu da rabi, bayan haka ana haihuwar kyanwa ɗaya ko jarirai biyu. Wasu lokutan litter na matashiya mai ƙarfi mace na iya ƙunsar kittens uku ko huɗu. Mace mai ciki tana ciyar da cuba withanta da madara a watanni biyu na farko, amma kyanwa sun zama suna da completelyan shekaru kaɗan.

Yana da ban sha'awa! Wani fasalin halittar ocelot shine kasancewar fararen tabo a bayan kunnuwan, ko kuma abin da ake kira "idanun ƙarya", wanda ba kawai yaudarar sauran masu farautar ba, har ma yake taimaka wa yaran da ke bin mahaifiyarsu a kai a kai ba tare da sun rasa ta a cikin gandun dajin da ke da girma ba.

Kiyaye maguna a gida

Ocelot a halin yanzu tana daga cikin kyawawan dabbobin da suke da kyau sosai wadanda za'a iya kiyaye su koda a gida ne.... Extraarancin almubazzaranci, kyawawan kyawawan abubuwa da ƙarancin irin wannan kifin daji suna da matuƙar yabawa da kyawawan halayen.

Mafi yawan lokuta, ana siye dabbar ne a cikin gandun daji na musamman wadanda suka kware a fannin kiwo, inda ake karbar kyanwa daga makafin mata, sannan, har zuwa lokacin sayarwa, ana basu abinci ta hanyar wuyan kan nono.

Ta wannan hanyar kiwo, kifin ruwa ke amfani da shi ga mutane mafi kyau duka, kuma suna girma suna da daɗi da wasa, masu kirki da ƙauna, amma har yanzu suna da manyan kuliyoyi ko kuliyoyi. Don hana irin wannan dabbar baƙuwar dabbar ta ƙasa alamar yankin a cikin gida, yana ɗan shekara huɗu, dole ne a nitsar da kittens.

Idan an shirya sayan dabba da nufin ƙarin kiwo, to ya fi dacewa a samar da kejin sararin samaniya don ocelot. Irin waɗannan dabbobin suna buƙatar sarari da motsa jiki, da kuma yanayin da suke kusa da ƙarancin mahallin dabbobin daji masu farautar dabbobi.

Hakanan za'a iya samar da kyawawan halaye na adana babban kuli a cikin gida mai zaman kansa, wanda za'a iya haɗa shi ta hanyar masarufi na musamman zuwa ƙataccen fili mai kariya da aka kiyaye daga gudun dabbar.

Lokacin shirya jirgin sama, yakamata ku tuna cewa shingen dole ne ya zama mai tsayi, kuma ƙaramin yanki na irin wannan sararin bazai iya ƙasa da 15-17m2... A cikin aviary, kuna buƙatar yin ƙarami, amma tare da zuriya mai sauƙi, wurin wanka, gami da bishiyoyin shuke-shuke, dazuzzuka da girka wasu tsare-tsare na musamman na musamman waɗanda aka tsara don hawa ko tsallake kyanwa mai gida.

Abincin manyan ocelots na gida a zahiri ba ya bambanta sosai da abincin da ake yi wa kyanwar daji mai cin nama a cikin yanayin yanayi. Dole ne tushen abinci na yau da kullun ya zama wakilcin ɗanyen nama a cikin hanyar wasa, naman sa da kaza, da lafiyayyun ɓerayen abinci. Abincin babban katon gida yana buƙatar a inganta shi lokaci-lokaci tare da abinci mai gina jiki kamar ɗanyen kaza ko ƙwai quail, teku ko kifin kogi, ƙimar kima da kyan gani.

Mahimmanci! An haramta shi sosai don ciyar da ɗanyen naman alade ga mashinan gida, kamar yadda a cikin wannan yanayin haɗarin kamuwa da kyanwa mai farauta tare da cutar Aujeszky yana ƙaruwa sosai.

Har zuwa shekaru uku, ocelots a gida dole ne su sami kayan haɗin ma'adinai waɗanda aka wadata da alli, da kuma ƙwayoyin bitamin na asali. Tsarin abinci na babban katon gida shine abinci ɗaya ko biyu a rana, daidai da jadawalin ciyarwar da aka ƙaddara.

Abincin da aka bayar ga mai shayarwa ya kamata ya kasance a cikin zafin jiki na ɗaki... A matsayinka na mai mulki, yawan abincin ya kai 400-500 g, amma yana iya bambanta dangane da shekaru da nauyin jikin dabbar gidan. Dole ne a cire abin da ya rage na abinci ko a zubar da su.

Yin amfani da fom ɗin wasa, dole ne a kawo dabbar faranti tun yana ƙarami. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, irin wannan dabbar dabbar baƙuwar dabbar tana nuna hankali mai ban mamaki da isasshen ƙwarewa, kuma tare da halayenta lokaci guda yana iya zama kama da kare da kyanwa.

Masu sarrafa ruwa a gida, a cewar masu su, suna matukar son yin wasa da kwallaye masu matsakaici kuma ana basu horo cikin sauki su kawo abubuwa daban-daban ga mai su. Don tafiya dabba, kuna buƙatar sayan leshi na musamman da abin wuya. Oananan ocelots da sauri kuma cikin sauƙin koya fitsara a cikin tiren.

Girman yawan Ocelot

Adadin yawan halittun dazuzzuka a cikin yanayi na ci gaba da raguwa a duniya... Duk da cewa yanzu an dakatar da farautar farautar ocelot gaba daya, kuma sayar da kayayyakin furun haramun ne, a wasu jihohin, mafarauta har yanzu suna yin rikodin irin wadannan dabbobin masu farautar.

Don ƙara yawan mutane a cikin yanayin yanayi, an ƙirƙiri manyan tanadi masu yawa da kuma alƙawari a yankin na Amurka, suna cikin aikin kiyayewa da kiwo na wani ɗan dabba mai ban sha'awa.

Bidiyo game da ruwan teku

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Kalli bidiyon: 9 Week Old Ocelot Kitten Playing - Cincinnati Zoo (Nuwamba 2024).