Sloths (Folivora) na cikin tsari na gama gari ne na masu bin doka da oda. Wannan dabba mai kasala ita ce mafi kusancin dangin dabbobi, kuma tana yin yawancin rayuwarsa a cikin mafarki, wanda ya haifar da sanannen sunan jinsin.
Bayani da bayyana
Bayyanannen kumburi na iya ɗan bambanta kaɗan dangane da jinsi da mazaunin wannan mai shayarwar. Rashin haushi misali ne na gaskiya cewa hanyar rayuwa ta musamman na iya yin tasiri kai tsaye kan yawancin matakai na jikin dabba mai shayarwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wani fasalin halayya mai yatsu biyu shine kasancewar kashin baya bakwai, don haka kan wannan dabba mai laushi yana da motsi sosai kuma yana iya juyawa cikin sau 180game da.
Wani fasalin rayuwar mai kasala shine salon zama, da kuma kyakkyawan tanadi na makamashi... Hantar wannan dabbar ta rabu da bangon gefen ciki ta ciki, kuma tana kusa da yankin dorsal. Saifa tana gefen dama. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ciki da sashin hanji na rami suna da girma ƙwarai da gaske, kuma trachea yana wakiltar curls na ban mamaki.
Wucewar bayyanar
Dabba babba tana da matsakaiciyar girman jiki. Matsakaicin tsayin jiki ya bambanta tsakanin 50-60 cm kuma ya auna daga 4.0 zuwa 6.0 kg. A waje, ramuka sun yi kama da gina mara kyau, birai masu ban dariya da dogaye da gaɓoɓi, waɗanda aka keɓe da yatsu masu ƙarfin hali da ci gaba sosai.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa dabbar tana cikin tsari na Notananan haƙori. Hakoran wannan dabba mai shayarwa basu da tushe da enamel, kuma suma kusan suna da kama da girma da sifa.
Jikin macijin an lulluɓe shi da dogon murfin ulu mai laushi. Kan yana da girma a ciki, tare da ƙananan kunnuwa da ƙananan idanu, waɗanda kusan ba za a iya ganinsu a bayan girmansu ba kuma dogaye ne. Wutsiyar gajere ce kuma kusan ba a iya rarrabewa daga layin gashi mai laushi.
Tsawon rayuwa
Matsakaicin rayuwar ɗan hutu mai yatsu biyu a cikin yanayin yanayi, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, kwata ne na ƙarni. A cikin bauta, tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, irin waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna iya rayuwa da yawa. A cikin gidan zoo, ramuka suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30 ko fiye.
Nau'in raƙuka
A halin yanzu, iyalai biyu sanannu ne kuma sunyi karatu sosai: yatsun kafa uku da yatsun kafa biyu.
Iyali masu yatsan-yatsu uku sun hada da jinsuna huɗu, wakiltar:
- pygmy sloth (B. pygmaeus);
- thanƙarar launin ruwan kasa (B. variegatus);
- yatsan kafa uku (B. tridactylus);
- hada ƙarfi (B. torquatus).
Iyali masu nau'ikan yatsu biyu sun hada da Hoffman sloth (C. hoffmanni) da kuma toth sloth-toed sloth (C.didactylus).
A ina ne sloth yake rayuwa, mazauni
Duk nau'ikan shinge suna zaune a cikin yankuna masu zafi da yankuna. Ana samun adadi mai yawa na dabba a yankin kudancin Amurka. Tsaga-tsakin yatsu biyu ya yadu a yankunan daji na wurare masu zafi, a Venezuela da Guiana, da kuma arewacin Brazil.
Babu wata mummunar barazana ga rayuwar nau'ikan tofa-ukku a wannan lokacin, amma mazauna gari galibi suna cin naman mara abinci don abinci, kuma ana amfani da fata mai tauri don yin suturar ado. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ana amfani da dogayen kafafu da na lankwasa na dabbobi masu shayarwa wajen kera abin wuya na gargajiya.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Hakanan Unau ko yatsan yatsu biyu ba ya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kariya, amma ana farautar dabbobi masu shayarwa saboda jin daɗin abinci mai gina jiki. Koyaya, babbar barazanar ga ramuwar tarko ba ta da farauta da maƙiyan ƙasa, amma ta ayyukan ɗan adam da sare dazuzzuka.
Zaman rayuwa
Sloths suna cikin jinsin dabbobi marasa nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali.... Dabba mai shayarwa mafi yawanci yakan jagoranci rayuwar kadaici. Koyaya, kusan dukkanin balagaggun ragowa suna nutsuwa da kasancewar wasu mutane akan rassa makwabta. Baƙon abu ba ne a lura da yadda dabbobi da yawa a lokaci ɗaya suka zama abin da ake kira "ɗakin kwanan yara" kuma suka rataye tare da bayansu na dogon lokaci.
Lokacin aiki na huɗu-toed sloth yana faɗuwa akan maraice ko lokutan dare, saboda haka mafi yawan lokuta ana keɓe rana ne don bacci, tsawon lokacinsa na iya bambanta tsakanin awanni 10-15. Masu hawa uku-uku sun fi son yin rayuwar yau da kullun, da ciyarwa da farautar kwari da dare.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Ko a lokacin da yake aiki, mai shayarwa yana da saurin hankali ta yadda za a iya lura da motsi kawai a yayin da ake lura da dabba, kuma matsakaicin saurin motsi bai wuce mita da yawa a cikin minti daya ba.
Don motsawa daga rawanin tsire-tsire ɗaya zuwa wani, raggo ya sauka zuwa ƙasa, inda ya zama maras ƙarfi gaba ɗaya. Dabbar ba ta san yadda za ta tsaya a kan gaɓoɓinsa ba, kuma tana motsawa tare da fika a kan ƙafafuwanta na gaba, yana baje cikin cikinsa kuma yana jan kansa da ƙarfi. Ya kamata a lura cewa raƙuman raƙuman ruwa masu kyau ne kuma suna iya zuwa saurin kusan 3-4 km / h a cikin ruwa.
Cin abinci, kamawa
Babban ɓangare na abincin dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar su sloths yana wakiltar ganyaye, amma menu na iya zama mafi bambancin saboda ƙaramin kashi na abincin dabbobi, wanda ake amfani dashi azaman ƙananan ƙwayaye ko kwari iri-iri.
Wani fasali na halitta nau'in microflora ne wanda ke zaune a cikin narkewar abinci, wanda ke ba da damar ganyaye masu wuya-su narke kusan jikin mutum ya cinye. Ana bayar da taimako mai mahimmanci a cikin narkewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta na symbiont da ke shiga cikin bazuwar abubuwan da aka shuka.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Sloths yana ciyarwa ta hanyar ratayewa a kan rassan tare da bayansu ƙasa, kuma ganyayen suna ta tsagewa ta leɓu masu wuya da haɗari ko kuma kan gaba.
A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ramuka suna cin abinci sosai, kuma yawan abincin da ake cinyewa a wani lokaci kwata ne ko sulusin nauyin jikin dabba babba. Wannan adadin abincin za'a narkar dashi cikin makonni uku. Abincin mai ƙananan kalori yana tilasta mai shayarwa ta yadda ya kamata ya adana duk ƙarfin da aka adana, don haka motsin raunin yana da saurin tafiya.
Kusan sau ɗaya a mako, raƙuka har yanzu suna sauka daga bishiyar "zuwa bayan gida", wanda ake haƙa ƙananan ramuka. Rage metabolism yana bayyana a cikin zafin jikin mutum na dabba, wanda zai iya bambanta tsakanin 24-34game daDAGA.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
An ƙirƙiri wasu guntun juzu'i ne kawai don lokacin saduwa. Babu wani takamaiman lokacin da dabbobi masu shayarwa ke amfani dashi don kiwo, saboda haka ma'auratan zasu iya samun sa cuba a kowane lokaci na shekara. Mace da raunin maza sun sami damar samun sauƙin juna a cikin manyan yankuna saboda alamun sigina na musamman.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Yawan mata masu yatsun kafa biyu suna wakiltar adadi mai mahimmanci na mata, kuma maza, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun fi ƙanƙanta, wanda ke shafar haihuwar nau'in.
Ana aiwatar da tsarin rayuwar dabbar dabino kai tsaye a cikin bishiyoyi. Ciki yana ɗaukar tsawon watanni shida. Kowace mace tana haihuwar ɗiya ɗaya ne, kuma nakuda kuma yana faruwa a kan itacen. Yayin haihuwa, mace tana ratayewa a gaba da gaba, kuma sabuwar haihuwar an tilasta mata yin tafiya da kan ta daga jikin uwa.
Matar da kanta tana cizon igiyar cibiya da haƙoranta, bayan haka tana lasar ɗanta ta barshi kusa da kan nonon. Sai bayan haka dabba babba ya ɗauki yanayin halitta kuma ya rataye akan rassan tare da duk wata gaɓoɓi huɗu.
A cikin watanni hudun farko, cuban da aka haifa ya rataya agogo a jikin uwarsa, wanda kusan ba ya motsi... Bayan kamar watanni biyu ko uku, ɗan ratse ya fara ƙoƙarin ciyarwa da kansa, amma sai bayan ya kai wata tara, wanda ya riga ya girma zai iya matsawa zuwa wasu rassa kuma ya fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta gaba ɗaya. Da shekara uku, tasiran ya ɗauki girman babba mai shayarwa.
Kulawa da laulayi a gida
A cikin recentan shekarun nan, masoya dabbobin da ke yankuna masu zafi sun ƙara samun gangarowa na dabbobin gida. Irin wannan dabbar a gida tana da sauƙin daidaitawa kuma baya jin mummunan cikin ɗaki fiye da yankin daji. Duk da sanyin hali da furucin laulayi, rashin kuzari kyakkyawa ne mai son dabbobi da aminci. Da sauri, irin wannan dabba ta saba da yara ƙanana da sauran dabbobin gida.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Wurin da aka fi so don rame a cikin gidan shine gado na yau da kullun, wanda dabbar gida ke hawa cikin sauri da sauri yana ɓoye a ƙarƙashin bargo.
Idan akwai tabbatacciyar shawara don siyan irin wannan dabba ta musamman, to ya zama dole a kula da gaba wajen shirya wuri don dabbobi masu shayarwa su zauna.... Masana da yawa sun ba da shawarar ware wani ɗaki daban don irin wannan dabbar mai zafi, amma babban babban keji wanda ake sakawa da tsire-tsire masu wucin gadi cikakke ne don kiyaye gida. Ta wannan hanyar, yanayin tsarewar zai iya kasancewa kusa da inda yake na mahaifa.
Don ciyar da kasasshen a gida, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ganyen eucalyptus da sauran ciyayi, da kuma kayan masarufi na musamman waɗanda aka shirya. Yakamata tsaftataccen ruwa mai kyau ga dabba a kowane lokaci.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa rago zai buƙaci kiyaye ƙarancin iska mai ƙarfi a kewayon 25-35game daC da laima mai dacewa, kuma a lokacin hunturu baza ku iya yin ba tare da na'urori na dumama na musamman da masu zafi mai ƙarancin inganci ba.
Kula da gida irin wannan dabba mai shayarwa aiki ne mai tsada wanda ke buƙatar gagarumar saka hannun jari, saboda haka, kafin sayayya, yakamata ku tantance da kimar ku sosai kuma kuyi shawara da masu kiwo da suka kware a kiwon irin waɗannan nau'ikan.
