Bakin hadadden ja (Geranoaetus polyosoma) na umarnin Falconiformes ne.
Alamomin waje na ungulu mai ja-da-baya
Bakin ungulu mai ja-baya yana da girman jiki na 56 cm, kuma fikafikansa daga 110 zuwa 120 cm.Girmansa ya kai 950 g.
Wannan nau'in ungulu yana da dogon fikafikai da kafafu. Wutsiya na matsakaiciyar tsayi. Hannun jirgin sama yana da kama da na sauran butéonidés. Wannan ɗayan polymorphic ne a launin launi, ma'ana cewa tsuntsaye suna da aƙalla launuka 2 launuka daban-daban. Koyaya, bayyananniyar tabarau da sautunan duhu ba su da yawa.
- Tsuntsaye masu launin launi suna da launin toka-toka, ban da goshin goshi da kunci, waɗanda ke cikin baƙin fata. Partsananan sassan jiki farare ne, tare da ratsi masu launin toka a tarnaƙi. Wutsiya fari ce tare da madaidaicin bakin baki. Mace mai duhu ne a sama, ta fi ta maza duhu. Kanta da fikafikanta sun bayyana baƙi. Gefen suna da jajaye gaba daya, tare da jan launi sau da yawa ana iya gani a tsakiyar ciki.
- A cikin yanayin launuka masu duhu na namiji, adon da ke sama da ƙasa ya bambanta daga launin toka mai duhu zuwa baƙi. Duk fuka-fukai suna da tabo mai haske kaɗan. Fitsarin jikin mace a kai, fuka-fuki, baya baya, kirji, cinyoyi da kuma gindin wutsiyar da ke ƙasa yana da launin toka-toka. Sauran fuka-fukan suna da yawa ko ƙasa da launin ruwan kasa tare da shigar launin sautin launin toka da baƙi.
Mata suna da nau'ikan abin hawa daban: kai da ɓangarorin sama na jiki duhu ne, amma ciki, cinyoyi da yankin tsuliya suna da farin launi mai yawa tare da launuka masu launin toka-shuɗi. Kirjin yana kewaye da yatsan da ba za a iya fahimta ba. Matasan ja masu goyon jajaye suna da fuka-fuka masu launin ruwan kasa a sama tare da faɗakarwar fata masu faɗi, waɗanda ke bayyane musamman akan fukafukan. Wutsiya launin toka-launi ne tare da shanyewar bakin ciki da yawa. Ideasan jikin mutum ya fara ne daga fari zuwa chamois. Kirjin yana cikin ratsin ruwan kasa. Daga cikin samari tsuntsaye, ana samun samfuran masu duhu da launuka masu haske.
Mahalli na ungulu mai ja da baya
Ana samun buzzards masu tallafi-ja, a matsayin ƙa'ida, a mafi buɗewa ko openasa wuraren budewa. Ana iya ganin waɗannan tsuntsayen a wurare masu yanayi a cikin kwarin Andes a arewacin Kudancin Amurka, ba sau da yawa a kan tsaunukan tsaunuka sama da layin bishiyoyi, a tsakanin filayen bushe-bushe na wurare masu zafi da tsaunuka a gefen tekun Pacific, da kuma a filayen da ke busassun filayen Patagonia.
Zzungiyoyin da ke da tallafi na ja yawanci sun fi son yankuna da yawa ko gangaren da ke shimfiɗa tare da koguna, a cikin dazuzzuka masu danshi, a ƙasan duwatsu, ko kuma a wasu yankuna na bishiyoyin beho na Nothofagus. A cikin duwatsu sun tashi daga matakin teku zuwa mita 4600. Koyaya, galibi ana kiyaye su tsakanin mita 1,600 zuwa 3,200. A cikin Patagonia, suna sama da mita 500.
Red-goyon Buzzard rarraba
Giwa mai-ja-gora ta kasance asalin ta yamma da kudancin Kudancin Amurka.
Mazaunin ya hada kudu maso yamma na Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, kudu maso yamma na Bolivia, kusan duk Chile, Argentina da Uruguay. Wannan tsuntsu na ganima kwata-kwata baya cikin Venezuela, Guiana da Brazil. Amma ana samunsa a Tierra del Fuego, Cap Horn, har ma da Falklands.
Fasali na halayyar ungulu mai talla
Buzzards masu tallafi-ja suna rayuwa shi kaɗai ko a biyu. Wadannan tsuntsayen galibi suna kwana a kan duwatsu, a ƙasa, a kan sanduna, shinge, babban murtsungu ko rassa, wanda ke ba su damar yin nazarin kewaye da su. Wasu lokutan ana ɗan ɓoye su da rufin dogayen bishiyoyi.
Kamar yawancin tsuntsayen halittar Buteo, masu buɗaɗɗen ja da baya suna tashi sama sama, ɗayansu biyu ko biyu. Babu wani bayani game da sauran tsinkayen acrobatic. A wasu yankuna, ungulu masu jan goro tsuntsaye ne masu zama, amma a mafi yawan lokuta, suna yin ƙaura. Tsakanin Maris zuwa Nuwamba, kuma daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, lambobinsu sun ragu sosai a tsakiya da arewacin Argentina. An bayar da rahoton cewa tsuntsayen ganima sun koma kasashe makwabta kamar kudu maso gabashin Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay da kudancin Brazil.
Sake buguwa da ungulu mai talla
Lokacin shegen buzaye masu tallafi na ja yana da bambanci a lokacin sa dangane da kasar da tsuntsayen suke. Sun haɗu daga Disamba zuwa Yuli a Ecuador kuma wataƙila Colombia. Satumba zuwa Janairu a Chile, Argentina da Falklands. Zzan buzzards masu tallafi na ja suna gina gida daga rassa, mafi girma, suna da girman daga 75 zuwa 100 santimita a diamita.
Tsuntsayen gida na ganima a cikin tsuntsu iri ɗaya sau da yawa a jere, saboda haka girmanta yakan girma a kai a kai daga shekara zuwa shekara.
A cikin gida an lulluɓe tare da ganye kore, gansakuka, da tarkace iri-iri waɗanda aka tattara daga yankin kewaye. Gida galibi ana samun gurbi a ƙananan tsayi, mita 2 zuwa 7, akan murtsatsi, ƙaya, bishiya, sandar telegraph, dutsen ko dutse. Tsuntsaye wani lokaci sukan sauka a gefen tsauni mai tsayi a cikin ciyawa mai yawa. Adadin ƙwai a cikin kama ya dogara da yankin mahalli.
A Ecuador, yawanci akwai ƙwai 1 ko 2 a kowace gida. A cikin Chile da Argentina akwai ƙwai 2 ko 3 a cikin kama. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 26 ko 27. Bayyanar samari tsuntsaye yana faruwa tsakanin kwanaki 40 da 50 bayan fitowar su.
Ciyar da Buzzard Ciyarwa
Kashi tara cikin goma na kayan abincin buzaye masu jajaye sun kunshi dabbobi masu shayarwa. Tsuntsaye masu ganima akan rodents kamar su aladun guinea (cavia), octodons, tuco-tucos da ƙananan zomayen garenne. Suna kama ciyawar fure, kwadi, kadangaru, tsuntsaye (matasa ko waɗanda suka ji rauni), da macizai.
Bakin-buda masu tallafi ja sau da yawa suna farauta a cikin tashi, suna barin ɗaukar su ta hanyar sabuntawa, ko kuma kawai suna shawagi. Idan ba a sami abin farauta ba, to tsuntsayen suna hawa sama da mita ɗari kafin su bar yankin farautar. Hakanan tsuntsaye na ganima suna farauta a cikin filayen, dajin dunƙulen burodi ko tsaunuka. A cikin tsaunuka ko a tsaunuka, suna aiki tsawon yini.
Matsayin kiyayewa na ungulu mai ja
Unguwar ja mai talla ta bazu a wani yanki na kusan kilomita murabba'in miliyan 4.5. A wannan ya kamata a ƙara kusan miliyan 1.2 na sq. M. km, inda tsuntsaye masu farautar hunturu a lokacin sanyi a Afirka ta Kudu. Ba a lissafin yawa ba, amma yawancin masu lura da al'amura sun yarda cewa wannan nau'in ya zama gama gari a cikin Andes da Patagonia. A cikin tsaunuka da tsaunukan Ecuador, ungulu mai ja da baya ita ce tsuntsu wanda aka fi sani. A cikin Colombia, a cikin yankuna da ke saman layin bishiya, wannan mai farauta mai fuka-fuka ya fi kowa.
Yayin da lambobin tsuntsaye ke dan raguwa a Ecuador, Chile da Ajantina, an san cewa yawan su ya haura 100,000. An tsara ungulu mai talla mai ja a Matsayin Leananan Damuwa da Thananan Barazana.
