Tsarin ƙasa yana ƙunshe da dukkan ƙwayoyin halittar da ke rayuwa a duniya, gami da mutane. Saboda yawan zagayawa na kowane irin nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta da kayan abinci, tsarin canza wasu mahallin zuwa wasu baya tsayawa na dakika daya. Don haka, tsire-tsire suna samun kowane nau'in abubuwan sinadarai daga ƙasa, daga yanayi - carbon dioxide da ruwa. A ƙarƙashin tasirin hasken rana, sakamakon photosynthesis, suna sakin iskar oxygen a cikin iska, wanda dabbobi, mutane, kwari ke shaƙa - duk wanda ke buƙatar hakan yana da mahimmanci. Mutuwar, kwayoyin halittun suna dawo da dukkan abubuwan da suka tara a kasa, inda aka sake juyar da kwayoyin halitta zuwa nitrogen, sulfur da sauran abubuwan tebur na lokaci-lokaci.
Rabuwa da matakai zuwa kananan da manyan hawan keke
Babban mahimmancin yanayin ƙasa yana gudana tsawon miliyoyin ƙarni. Mahalarta:
- duwatsu;
- iska;
- canjin yanayi;
- hazo.
A hankali, duwatsu suna faɗuwa, iska da ruwan sama suna share ƙurar da aka daidaita cikin teku da tekuna, cikin koguna da tafkuna. Sedunƙasan ƙasa ƙarƙashin tasirin hanyoyin tectonic sun daidaita zuwa saman duniya, inda, ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin zafi mai yawa, suna wucewa cikin wani yanayin jiki. A yayin fashewar dutsen, ana jefa waɗannan abubuwa akan farfajiya, suna yin sabbin tuddai da tuddai.
A cikin ƙaramin sake zagayowar, wasu abubuwa masu aiki zasuyi aiki mai mahimmanci:
- ruwa;
- na gina jiki;
- carbon;
- oxygen;
- shuke-shuke;
- dabbobi;
- orananan ƙwayoyin cuta;
- kwayoyin cuta.
Tsire-tsire suna tarawa a cikin tsawon rayuwa mai yawan sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen da sauran mahalarta cikin ayyukan sunadarai. Sannan ganyen dabbobi ne ke cin ganyen, wanda ke samar da nama da madara, fata da ulu ga mutane. Naman gwari da kwayoyin cuta suna rayuwa ta hanyar sake amfani da sharar abinci daga dabbobi kuma suna da hannu cikin aiwatar da kwayoyin halittar jikin dan adam. A sakamakon haka, gaba dayan sinadarai sun dawo kasa, suna wucewa cikin kasar karkashin tasirin lalata yanayin. Wannan shine yadda tsarin keɓaɓɓiyar kwayar halitta ke gudana, canza abubuwa marasa asali zuwa na ƙwayoyi, kuma akasin haka.
Ayyukan ɗan adam mai tashin hankali ya haifar da canji cikin tsari na duka zagaye, zuwa canje-canje da ba za a iya juyawa a cikin ƙasa da lalacewar ƙimar ruwa ba, saboda wuraren da tsire-tsire ke mutuwa. Fitar da dukkan nau'ikan magungunan kwari, gas da kuma sharar masana'antu a cikin sararin samaniya da ruwa na rage adadin danshi da ke bushewa, yana shafar yanayi da yanayin rayuwar halittu a tsarin halittu na duniya.
