Dumamar yanayi na sa dusar kankara narkewa a duk nahiyoyin duniya, gami da Antarctica. A baya can, babban yankin ya kasance cike da kankara, amma yanzu akwai wasu yankuna na kasa da tabkuna da rafuka marasa kankara. Wadannan matakai suna faruwa ne a gabar teku. Hotunan da aka ɗauka daga tauraron ɗan adam, a kan abin da za ku ga taimako ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara da kankara ba, za su taimaka wajen tabbatar da wannan.
Ana iya zaton cewa glaciers sun narke a lokacin bazara, amma kwarin da ba shi da kankara ya fi tsayi. Wataƙila, wannan wurin yana da yanayin ɗumi mara ɗumi mara ɗumi. Yankakken kankaran yana ba da gudummawa ga samuwar koguna da tabkuna. Kogi mafi tsayi a nahiyar shine Onyx (kilomita 30). Gabanta ba shi da dusar ƙanƙara kusan duk shekara. A lokuta daban-daban na shekara, ana lura da canjin yanayin zafi da saukar ruwa a nan. An rubuta iyakar matsakaicin a cikin 1974 a + digiri 15 na Celsius. Babu kifi a cikin kogin, amma akwai algae da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
A wasu yankuna na Antarctica, kankara ta narke, ba wai kawai saboda canjin yanayi da dumamar yanayi ba, har ma da yawan iska da ke tafiya cikin sauri daban-daban. Kamar yadda kake gani, rayuwa a nahiya ba ta da wata damuwa, kuma Antarctica ba wai kankara da dusar ƙanƙara ba ne kawai, akwai wurin ɗumi da tafki.
Lakes a cikin oases
A lokacin bazara, kankara suna narkewa a Antarctica, kuma ruwa yana cika baƙin ciki iri-iri, sakamakon haka aka samar da tabkuna. Mafi yawansu ana yin su ne a cikin yankuna na bakin teku, amma kuma suna nan a wani babban matsayi, misali, a tsaunukan Sarauniya Maud Land. A nahiya, akwai manyan ruwa manya da kanana a yankin. Gabaɗaya, galibin tabkunan suna cikin mashigar babban yankin.
A karkashin tafkunan kankara
Baya ga ruwan da ke saman ruwa, ana samun matattarar ruwa a cikin Antarctica. An gano su ba da dadewa ba. A tsakiyar karni na ashirin, matukan jirgin sun gano wasu bakon tsari wadanda suka kai zurfin kilomita 30 kuma tsawonsu yakai kilomita 12. Masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Nazarin Polar sun ƙara bincika waɗannan kogunan da rafuffuka. Don wannan, anyi amfani da binciken radar. Inda aka rubuta takamaiman sigina, an sami narkewar ruwa a ƙarƙashin kankara. Matsakaicin tsaran wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin ruwan kankara ya wuce kilomita 180.
A yayin karatun tafkunan karkashin-kankara, an gano cewa sun bayyana sosai tuntuni. Ruwan narkewar kankarar da ke Antarctica sannu a hankali ya kwarara zuwa cikin ɓacin ran yanki, daga sama an rufe shi da kankara. Tabkin kogin da ke karkashin yanki sun kai kimanin shekaru miliyan daya. Akwai ƙurar ƙasa a ƙasan su, da spores, pollen na nau'ikan fure iri-iri, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin ruwa.
Ice narkewa a Antarctica yana gudana a cikin yanki na kankara glaciers. Ruwa ne mai saurin motsa kankara. Ruwan narke wani sashi yana gudana zuwa cikin tekun kuma wani daskarewa kan dusar kankara. Ana narkar da narkar da murfin kankara daga santimita 15 zuwa 20 a kowace shekara a yankin bakin teku, kuma a tsakiya - har zuwa santimita 5.
Lake Vostok
Ofayan mafi girman jikin ruwa a babban yankin, wanda ke ƙarƙashin kankara, shine Lake Vostok, kamar tashar kimiyya a Antarctica. Yankin ta ya kai kimanin kilomita dubu 15.5. Zurfin da ke cikin sassa daban-daban na yankin ruwa daban, amma matsakaicin da aka rubuta shi ne mita 1200. Bugu da kari, akwai a kalla tsuburai goma sha daya a kan yankin tafkin.
Game da kananan halittu masu rai, kirkirar yanayi na musamman a Antarctica ya yi tasiri ga kebancewar su da kasashen waje. Lokacin da aka fara hakowa a saman dusar kankara na nahiyar, an gano kwayoyin halittu daban-daban a cikin zurfin da yawa, halayyar kawai polar habitat. A sakamakon haka, a farkon karni na 21, an gano sama da koguna da koguna na tafkin ruwan sama a Antarctica sama da 140.
