Kamar kowane mai rai a duniya, kifin akwatin kifaye kuma yana iya kamuwa da kowane irin cuta. Kuma daya daga cikin sanannen abu shine hexamitosis na kifi, wanda ba wai kawai yana shafar kyawun mazaunan mazaunan tafki na wucin gadi ba, amma kuma yana iya haifar da rayuwa nan gaba zuwa mummunan sakamako. Sabili da haka, don kaucewa wannan, a cikin labarinmu na yau zamuyi la'akari ne ba kawai menene kifin hexamitosis ba, amma kuma zamuyi bayani dalla-dalla akan dalilan faruwar sa, kuma ba shakka, yadda maganin yake faruwa.
Menene hexamitosis
Wannan cuta cuta ce ta cututtukan kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma tana shafar mafitsara da hanji. A waje, ana iya gane shi da sauƙi ta hanyar marurai, ramuka da huɗa masu girma dabam dabam, shi ya sa ma ake kiran wannan cuta "rami".
Hexamitosis a cikin akwatin kifaye yana tasowa sakamakon cinye ƙwayar ƙwayar hanji na flagellate, wanda ke da tsarin unicellular, cikin kwayar kifin. Tsarin jikinsa da kamannin sa suna kama da digo. Matsakaicin girmansa yakai kusan 12 micro mm. Bugu da kari, jikinsa sanye yake da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan flagella, shi yasa, a zahiri, ya sami sunansa. Sake haifuwa irin wannan m yana faruwa ta hanyar rarrabuwa. Yana da mahimmanci sosai cewa haifuwarsa na iya faruwa koda a cikin yanayin rashin aiki.
Mahimmanci! Wannan kwayar cutar na iya barin jikin kifin a lokaci guda da kayayyakin ɓarnar su, don haka ya zama babbar barazana ga sauran mazaunan a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Wanene ya fi saukin kamuwa da cuta
Matsayin mai mulkin, hexamitosis ne mafi sau da yawa bayyana a salmonids. A wannan yanayin, ana shafa fatar kan mutum da gefensa. Don haka, mafi girman haɗarin da wannan cuta ke ɗauka ga wakilai:
- Cichlid.
- Gourami.
- Lyapiusov.
- Labyrinth.
Amma sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan kifin, kamuwa da cutarsu na iya faruwa ne kawai ta hanyoyi masu haɗari. Sabili da haka, har zuwa wani lokaci, sune kawai masu ɗaukar parasite, kuma cutar kanta tana faruwa ne kawai lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri wasu yanayi a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa.
Don haka, masu dauke da wannan cuta sun hada da:
- guppy;
- fadace-fadace;
- wakilan dangin kifi.
Hakanan, zuwa ƙarami, waɗanda ke fama da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya zama:
- Soma.
- Rana
- Macronagnatus.
- Kuraje.
- Pimelodus.
Hakanan zasu iya ƙayyade farkon cutar ta wurin kasancewar ulce ko ramuka a cikin jiki ko a yankin kai.
Sanadin cutar
Yawancin masanan ruwa sunyi imani da cewa hexamitosis na kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye yana tasowa saboda rashin kiyaye mahimman sharuɗɗan kulawa don kula da tafkin wucin gadi da mazaunanta. Wanda ya hada da:
- yin amfani da ƙananan ƙarancin abinci ko lalacewa;
- ba safai ba ko wuce gona da iri;
- rashin ma'adinai ko karancin bitamin a cikin kifi, wanda ke haifar da raguwar garkuwar jikinsu.
Amma kamar yadda bincike da yawa suka nuna, duk dalilan da ke sama suna da mahimmanci, amma kawai abubuwan taimako ne wadanda kawai ke haifar da ci gaban wannan cuta, alhali kuwa ba wata hanya da ke haifar da shi.
Don haka, wakilan wannan cuta sun ƙare a cikin akwatin kifaye na gaba ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya da ƙasa, abinci mara kyau, har ma da ruwa ko ciyayi. Bayan haka, paraslar flagellar baya cin amanar kasancewar sa ta kowace hanya har sai an samar da kyakkyawan yanayi a cikin tafki na wucin gadi. Bugu da ari, aiki mai aiki na rarrabuwa yana farawa, don haka kunna cutar. Sakamakon lokaci mai aiki ana iya ganin shi tare da ido mara kyau. Ya kamata a kara jaddadawa musamman cewa ba akan lokaci fara maganin kifin da ke dauke da cutar zai iya haifar da ajalinsu ba.
Hakanan, wasu masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa masu haifar da wannan cuta suna nan a kusan kowane kifin da ke cikin akwatin kifaye. Kuma musamman a soya ko kifin kifi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, da zarar sun kamu da wannan cutar, irin wannan kifin yana samun kariya daga rayuwa har abada daga hexamitosis. Wannan da farko yana nuna cewa an gudanar da maganin daidai kuma jikin mara lafiyar ya sami damar haɓaka abubuwan rigakafin da suka dace. Ka tuna cewa hexamitosis yana da haɗari ba kawai don kifin mara lafiya ba, har ma saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙwayoyin cuta suna haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke fitowa tare da najasar, akwai babban yiwuwar ainihin annoba a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Kwayar cututtuka
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, kusan ba shi yiwuwa a gane wannan cutar a matakin farko. Abin da ya sa ke nan yana da matukar matsala fara magani na kan lokaci. Alamun kaikaitacce ne kawai za a iya la'akari da duhun launi na kifin, kadaici kwata-kwata ko ragin nauyi, duk da cewa yana ci a kai a kai. Idan akwai irin waɗannan alamun a fuska, to masana sun ba da shawarar cewa kai tsaye ka bincika dabbobin gidanka don ci gaban rashin lafiyar da ba a so, don haka maganin da ke biye ya yi tasiri.
Hakanan, ban da wannan, zamuyi la'akari da manyan alamun ci gaban wannan cuta a cikin akwatin kifaye na gaba ɗaya. Don haka sun haɗa da:
- Rage yawan ci. A cikin wani nau'i mai saurin gaske, har ma da ƙin yarda da cin abinci mai yiwuwa ne.
- Zabi lokacin cin abinci. Don haka, kifin na iya fara ɗaukar abinci, amma daga baya ya tofa shi.
- Bayyanarwar farin fitowar mucous. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa cutar ta shafi hanjin dabbar dabbar, wanda ke haifar da ƙin ƙwayoyinta, waɗanda da yawa suke ɓoye daga jikin kifin. Hakanan wani lokacin, hexamitosis na iya haifar da rashin narkewar abinci. Saboda abin da zai yiwu a kiyaye hoto lokacin da aka saki abinci mara kyau tare da kayan sharar gida.
- Cushewar ciki. Amma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, ana iya kiyaye irin waɗannan alamun galibi a cikin cichlids. Mafi yawanci, wannan cuta na haifar da canje-canje a cikin sifar ciki da bayan kifin.
- Bayyanar a yankuna na gefen kifayen zaizayar mai zurfin gaske, yana kaiwa fatar kan mutum.
- Fadada dubura.
- Hallaka da asarar finkaifi.
Kuma wannan ba shine ambaton canje-canjen da launi na waje na mazaunan tafki na wucin gadi ke sha ba.
Ya kamata a lura cewa a mafi yawan lokuta, hexamitosis ba shi da halin duk adadin da ke sama. Wani lokaci, zubar farin launi na iya nuna ci gaban shigar ciki ko guba. Amma kuma ba a ba da shawarar watsi da abin da kuka gani ba. Babban zaɓi shine don matsar da dabbar da ke ɗauke da cutar zuwa wani jirgin gwajin daban. A wannan yanayin, ba wai kawai microclimate na muhalli a cikin akwatin kifaye ba ya damu, amma kuma akwai babban yiwuwar cewa magani tare da metronidazole zai yi tasiri.
Jiyya
A yau, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don kawar da kifi daga wannan cuta. Amma yana da kyau a kara jaddada cewa ya zama dole a zabi wacce hanya za ayi amfani da ita kan abin da ya zama silar ci gaban cutar. Don haka, an tabbatar da shi a kimiyance cewa hexamitosis kusan ana tare dashi tare da kwayar cuta. Sabili da haka, ka tuna cewa farawar magani cikin hanzari tare da metronidazole na iya haifar da sakamakon da ba a zata ba. Yi la'akari da yadda ake magance wannan cutar.
Da farko dai, ya zama dole a kwashe kifin da ya kamu da cutar daga wani tafki na wucin gadi zuwa wani jirgin ruwa na daban, wanda zai yi aiki a matsayin wani nau'in kebantacce. Wannan aikin ya zama dole don kaucewa ci gaban cuta a cikin akwatin kifaye. Bayan haka, ana ba da shawarar ƙara ɗan zafin jiki na yanayin ruwa a cikin jig. Kyakkyawan ƙimar zafin jiki sune digiri 34-35.
Irin wannan tsalle kaɗan na iya yin tasiri ga wasu ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma haifar da mutuwarsu. Amma ya kamata ku yi hankali kuma kafin aiwatar da wannan aikin kuna buƙatar fahimtar kanku da halaye na ilimin kimiyyar lissafin dabbobi, saboda ba kowane kifi bane zai iya dacewa da ƙimar zafin ruwa mai ɗumi. Misali, magance cichlids ta wannan hanyar ba zai kawo sakamako ba.
Wani zaɓi don kawar da kifi daga bayyanar wannan cuta shine magani tare da metronidazole. Wannan maganin riga-kafi an riga an tabbatar yana da tasiri. Hakanan, saboda cewa yana ƙunshe da abubuwa waɗanda basa shafar muhalli, ba abin mamaki bane cewa da yawa daga mashigin ruwa suna amfani da metronidazole.
Ana iya amfani da shi duka a cikin tafki na wucin gadi na yau da kullun da jigin keɓewa. Amma yana da kyau a jaddada cewa matsakaicin adadin maganin ba zai wuce 250 mg / 35 l ba. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da metronidazole na tsawon kwanaki 3, yayin yin canjin ruwa na yau da kullun a cikin kashi 25% na adadin duka a rana 1, da kuma 15% a cikin mai zuwa. Idan maganin bai kawo wani tasiri ba, to ya fi alfanu a dakatar da shi.
Sakamakon farko na shan wannan magani zai kasance bayyane bayan makon farko. Hakanan, don dalilin rigakafin, yana da kyau a maimaita bahon da aka kula da shi bayan sati 1.
Bugu da ƙari, ban da metronidazole, zaku iya amfani da wasu magunguna na musamman, waɗanda za a iya siyan su a kowane shagon dabbobi. Amma kafin yin siye, zai zama da amfani a tuntuɓi mai siyarwa, ko amfani da su zai cutar da ƙarancin microclimate da aka kafa a cikin tafkin roba.
Don haka, daga cikin mashahuran sune:
- tetra medica hexaex;
- zmf hexa-tsohon;
- ichthyovit Kormaktiv.
Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura da cewa mafi girman sakamako a cikin yaƙi da waɗannan cututtukan za a iya cimma su ne kawai ta hanyar haɗin kai.
Don haka, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, wasu kifayen na iya zama masu jigilar kwayoyin cuta ne kawai, sabanin wasu. Saboda haka, ba lallai ba ne don magance kifi da magani ɗaya kawai. Amma ko a nan ya kamata ku kiyaye. Don haka, ƙwararrun masanan ruwa suna ba da shawarar kula da hexamitosis ta amfani da shirye-shiryen kantin da waɗanda aka kirkira. Misali, yakamata ayi amfani da 50mg na Furazolidone a kowane 15L, tare da maganin Kanamycin (1g / 35L). Aiwatar a kowace rana na mako guda tare da maye gurbin yau da kullun na 25% na jimlar ruwa.
Idan ana amfani da maganin Ciprofloxacin, to ana lissafin yawansa a cikin rabo na 500 mg / 50 l. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ZMF HEXA-tsohon a lokaci guda. Kuna iya gano yadda zaku tsarke wannan maganin ta hanyar karanta umarnin.
Wani lokaci, bayan jiyya, wasu kifayen na iya nuna alamun cutar. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a gaggawa maye gurbin rabin rabin ruwa a cikin tafki na wucin gadi sannan a yi amfani da rabin adadin magungunan a nan gaba. Wannan buƙatar tana amfani da samfuran da aka saya da waɗanda aka saya a kantin magani.
[mahimmanci] Mai mahimmanci! Bayan dawowar kifin kebantacce, ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da matakan rigakafi a cikin tanki na gama gari na kwanaki 4 masu zuwa don kaucewa sake dawowa.
Rigakafin
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, hexamitosis yana tasowa lokacin da yanayi mai kyau ya bayyana a cikin tafki na wucin gadi. Sabili da haka, matakan kariya shine koyaushe kiyaye daidaitaccen yanayin muhalli a cikin tafkin ku na wucin gadi.
Bugu da kari, ana ba da shawarar ciyar da kifin lokaci-lokaci tare da wasu abinci na magani dauke da wasu sinadarai kamar spirulina, kanamycin da furazolidone. Kari akan haka, kar ayi amfani da nau'in abinci iri daya a kowane lokaci. Hakanan, ba zai zama mai yawa ba don siyen Fishtamin ko Shirye-shirye masu aiki a cikin tafki na wucin gadi tare da ƙarin ƙari ga yanayin ruwa.
Hakanan ya kamata ku yi taka tsantsan kada ku mamaye dabbobin gidan ku kuma kar ku manta da duba matakin nitrates a cikin yanayin ruwa.
Ka tuna cewa hexamitosis yana haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba ga tsarin narkewar abinci na kifi, wanda a karshe zai iya kaiwa ga mutuwa. Sabili da haka, yin biyayya da waɗannan shawarwari masu sauƙi ba zai iya ceton rai da lafiyar duk gidajen zuhudu a cikin tafki na wucin gadi ba, amma kuma zai iya ceton ku daga kashe kuɗi marasa mahimmanci akan magunguna masu tsada.
