Nau'in Friesian yana ɗayan tsofaffi. Katin kira kallo ne mai ban tsoro da kuma gashin gashi na jela, goge. Bugu da kari, friezes din suna da hankali da kuma saurin fahimta. Wannan yana ba da damar saduwa ta musamman tare da dawakan nau'in.
Tarihin irin
Friesian doki bred a arewacin lardin Netherlands. Ana kiran yankin Frisia. Saboda haka sunan dawakai. Su ne kawai tsarkakakku a cikin Holland.
Asalin dawakan Frisiya asalinsu ne. A sauƙaƙe, asalin ya samo asali ne daga tarakta manoma. A lokacin Tsararru na Tsakiya, ikonsu ya zo da sauki a fagen fama. Broadanƙara mai ƙarfi da murdadden tsoka sun jure wa jarumai cikin kayan yaƙi ba tare da sun rasa kuzarinsu ba.
An fara zaɓin zaɓi a karni na 16. Holland ya kasance yana ƙarƙashin Spain. Mutanen Spain kuma sun kasance masu kirkirar inganta Frisiya saboda jinin doki daga Andalusia, Berberia. Yankin farko yana yamma da Spain. Berberia shine sunan yankin daga Bahar Rum zuwa Sahara.
Andalus ya ba da alheri ga frises, kuma Berber zuwa tsayinsu. Koyaya, dawakan sun kasance masu ƙarfi. Ga mahayan dawakai, wanda aka sauƙaƙa a farkon ƙarni na 17, babu bukatar su kuma. Ma'aikatan sun koma zuwa tsarkakakkun 'yan Andalusians.
Friezes, a gefe guda, ya sauya zuwa ƙungiyoyin karusa, galibi na sarauta. Wannan nau'in ya ƙaunaci sarakuna da masu mulki. Sun fara kiwo frises. Rushewar ta faru ne a zamanin juyin juya hali. An kifar da masarautu, kuma an mayar da dawakai daga gidajensu zuwa gidajen manoma. Labari ne game da farkon karni na 19 da 20.
Zuwa 1913, dawakai 3 na Frisiya masu tsarki sun kasance. Batan sauri yana da alaƙa da raguwar safarar dawakai. Friezes, waɗanda sun daɗe da amfani a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe, sun daina zama masu amfani a kan hanyoyi.
Masu sha'awar sun sami nasarar kiyaye nau'in ta hanyar tsallakawa tare da nau'in Oldenburg. Wannan wani nau'in nauyi ne a duniyar doki. Koyaya, a tsakiyar karnin da ya gabata, adadin Frisiyawan sun sake faɗi, tuni sun kai mutane 500.
Yanayin sutura ya taimaka sake murmurewa. Na wasan motsa jiki ne. Dressage horo ne. A lokacin ta, doki ya koyi yin tafiya a wata hanya, ya ɗauki wasu halaye lokacin tsalle, zama, da gaisuwa. Yankin jumla yana sanya wannan ilimin cikin sauki.
Bayani da siffofin dokin Friesian
Daga lardin arewa, Friesian doki irin an rarrabe shi da ulu mai kauri, danshi da doguwar wutsiya, mane. Shima gashinan kasan kafafu shima ya tsawaita. Ana kiran abin da ake kira brushing ko frieze.
Yana gani yana faɗaɗa manyan kofato. Na biyun, ta hanyar, an karɓe shi daga Frisiya ta hanyar masu tsaran Oryol. Kafin shigar jini na dawakin Dutch, Orlovs suma basu da baƙar fata. Ita ce alamar friezes.
Dawakan Oryol suma sun gaji babban zubi daga dawakan Frisiya. Wannan sunan baya kenan. A can dawakai sun tattara ƙarfin motsi. Saboda ita ne Frisiyawan suka fara cudanya da daidaikun mutanen Oryol - sun lura da saurin mutanen Holland. Sauran fasali sun haɗa da:
- tsawo a bushe daga mita 1.5 zuwa 1.6
- babban kai tare da madaidaiciyar martaba
- dogon, tsananin kunnuwa
- kasusuwa
- babban-kafa
- elongated ƙwanƙwasa bada fitar da wani nauyi truck
Dokin Friesian a hoto na iya zama na musamman baƙar fata. Wakilan nau'in suna da matakai daban-daban lokacin da ba a ƙirƙira kyamarori ba tukuna. Musamman, haɓaka tare da Andalus, Frisiyawan sun karɓi ulu mai launin toka.
Bayan lokaci, aka jefar da mutane da shi. Saboda wannan dalili, ba zai iya saduwa ba farin friesian fries... Amma game da gicciye, misali, tare da Balarabe, kwat da wando yana yiwuwa. A waje, mestizos da dawakai na gari ba su da bambanci sosai.
Don haka, a farkon shekarun 2000s, an rarraba hoton dusar ƙanƙara mai launin fari a Runet. Dayawa sun yi imani. A zahiri, an ɗauki hoto na wani matattarar matasan matasan.
Faɗin baya mai faɗi hade da yanayin dokin Friesian yana ba su kwanciyar hankali yadda ya kamata ga mahaya. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da gashin a cikin yawon shakatawa na dawakai. Koyaya, gashin gashi na dawakin jinsin ya toshe da sauri a kan ƙasa mai ƙaya tare da ƙaya, burdock, ciyawa da sauran lita litan dabbobi. Wannan yana rage yanayin yanayin aikin fris din zuwa yanayin birane.
A cikin wasanni, nau'in ba shi da nasara sosai. An cire frises daga suturar. An sake horar da nau'in don tuki. Wannan gasar karusar dawakai ce.
Nau'in nau'in
Babu nau'ikan dawakan Friesian, ba kawai a launi ba, har ma a waje. A zahiri, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka biyu kawai - tsarkakakke kuma gicciye. Game da hayewa tare da wakilan wasu nau'in, ana samun na uku.
Misali na dawakan Oryol an riga an ambata. Hakanan Frisiyawa sun halarci zaɓin maƙiyan Amurkawa da shelz. Wadannan karshen suna bred a Norfolk.
Dawakai da yawa sun yi kiwo tare da halartar 'yan Frisiya sun karɓi bikinsu daga wurinsu. Ita ce dalilin yin amfani da dawakai da mares a ƙarƙashin mahaya kan jerin gwanon biki, a cikin manyan alkawuran.
Kula da dokin Friesian
Friesian doki a Rasha ba a amfani da shi ta hanyar amfani da shi ba kawai saboda matsakaicin ƙarfin motsa jiki ba, rashin tasirin gashi da amfani mara amfani a cikin masana'antar nama da kiwo. Har ila yau, fatalwar dawakai da maresu na tsoratar da tsoro:
- Ba za a iya kiyaye su cikin garken shanu ba. Muna buƙatar keɓaɓɓun rumfuna a cikin kwanciyar hankali.
- A barga ya zama dumi, haske, fili. Mafi qarancin zafin jiki na abun ciki shine digiri 16. A lokaci guda, ba kyawawa bane zafin sama da 20 akan ma'aunin Celsius.
- Ana buƙatar samun iska mai inganci, kodayake, ƙididdigar ba abar karɓa bane.
- Hay hade da ciyawa bai isa friezes ba. Dole ne a saka hatsi da sauran hatsi, kayan lambu, rukunin ma'adinai a cikinsu. Haramtaccen abinci ga shanu na da illa ga lafiyar dawakan Fries.
- Ana yin ciyarwa a matakai uku. Na farko, suna ba da roughage, misali, hay. Sannan dawakai suna ba da kayan lambu mai laushi. Hatsi kayan zaki ne.
- Frisiyawa suna da abinci sau uku a rana a lokacin sanyi da kuma sau biyu a rana a lokacin bazara. Dawakan jinsin suna neman tsarin mulki. Kuna buƙatar hidiman jita-jita a lokaci guda.
Kar ka manta game da wutsiyar lush, mane, friezes akan kafafu. Suna buƙatar a tsefe su kowace rana. Don sauƙaƙe aikin, ana fesa dawakan da kwandishan sau da yawa a mako. Hakanan kuna buƙatar wanke gashi na mares da stallions a kai a kai. Yi amfani da shamfu na musamman.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Populationananan adadin dawakan Friesian wani ɓangare ne saboda matsalolin kiwo. Yayinda ake yin kwayayen kwan mace a cikin mara, dabbobin suna rufe shi ne kawai cikin kashi 15% na al'amuran. Dalilan da suka hana yin amfani da dabi'un haihuwa a cikin wakilan har yanzu basu bayyana ba.
Domin kiyaye adadin Frisiya, ana amfani da takin gaɓa. Wannan ƙirar ɗan adam ce. Yana bayar da fa'idodi:
- yiwuwar daskarewa da maniyyi da safara
- adana maniyyi na matashin fitaccen saurayi lokacin da doki ba saurayi ba
- yiwuwar hadi tare da sabo maniyyi allura a cikin al'aurar maza na mares
Maniyyi don kwayar halittar roba ana samu ta keji a farjin farji. Yawancin lokaci, wannan bututu ne na musamman. Karfe ne, amma anyi layi da roba a ciki. Domin maƙarƙashiyar ta kamu da wani abu makamancin haka, ana ba dokin Buserelin.
Wannan magani ne mai ɗauke da kwatancen roba na gonadotropin, wanda ke haɓaka sha'awar jima'i. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don dacewar dabbobi na halitta.
Dawakan Fries suna aiki na jima'i daga farkon Maris zuwa tsakiyar Yuni. Girman abubuwan jan hankali yana faduwa ne a lokutan hasken rana. A cikin hunturu, anastrus yana faruwa - hana sha'awar jima'i.
Ayyade ko marainiyar tana cikin yanayi mai kyau yawanci tana aika ƙira. Ba shi da tsayi don takin Friesian doki. Koyaya, ya bayyana a sarari ko ta ba da izini ko a'a.
Dawakan Fries sun ƙyanƙyashe zuriya don kimanin kwanaki 340. 'Yan kwanaki kafin haihuwa, kumburin fata ya fara fitowa daga kan nonuwan sa kuma mara sa kumburin ya kumbura, wanda daga nan ne toshewar mucous yake fita.
Dawakai da yawa suna taimakawa wajen haihuwa. A matakin matsewar jijiyoyi, ana bayar da abubuwa masu kara kuzari kuma tayi ta kara karfi yayin kokarin. A cikin lamuran gaggawa, ana yin aikin tiyata.
Ana cire ƙoshin jariri. Bayan an goge dabbar da busasshen kyalle. Ya rage a yi tausa zuciyar kai tsaye. Bayan farawa, "motar" tana aiki har zuwa shekara ta 51. Don haka dogon tsayi ya kasance daga lardin Essex, a Ingila. Dokin ya bari a shekarar 2013 kuma har yanzu yana nan a cikin littafin Guinness Book of Records.
Matsakaicin shekarun doki yana da shekaru 25-30. Da 20, dabbobi ana ɗaukar su tsofaffi. A wajen mutane, shekaru 40 ne.
Farashin dokin Friesian
Farashin dokin Friesian yawanci ya dogara ne da asalin, tsarin rayuwa da shekaru. Ana siyar da samari, tsarkakakkun jarumai da mares akan kimanin miliyan rubles. Idan doki ya wuce shekaru 5, suna neman kusan 500 dubu rubles.
An saita alamar farashin daban don ma'adinai tare da frisin mai tsarkakakke. Yawancin lokaci. Suna neman 20-30 dubu rubles, suna ba da isarwa zuwa wasu yankuna. Akwai keɓaɓɓen kuɗi don wannan. Koyaya, duka don dawakai da dabbobin dabbobin su tare da su, farashin sau da yawa ana sasantawa. Kuna iya karkata sosai daga farashin da aka nuna a cikin tallan kan layi.
