Labarin wata tattabara da ke yawo ya nuna yadda sauri nau'in da ke cin nasara zai iya ɓacewa. Ya bambanta da wasu a cikin jan wuyan wuya da kuma shuɗin baya tare da tarnaƙi. A ƙarshen karni na 19, akwai mutane biliyan 5. A shekara ta 1914, babu ko ɗaya.
An fara kashe tattabaru masu yawo a masse, tunda dacewar watsa wasiƙu tare da tsuntsaye ya ɓace. A lokaci guda, matalauta suna buƙatar nama mai daɗi kuma mai araha, kuma manoma suna buƙatar kawar da tarin tsuntsayen da ke cin gonakinsu.
A karni na 20, aka kirkiro littafin Black Book. Ya hada da tattabara da tattabara da sauran nau'o'in dadaddun halittu. Juya shafukan.
Dabbobin da suka lalace a wannan karnin
Kamaru baki karkanda
Fatar dabbar tana da launin toka. Amma filayen da aka samu karkanda Kamaru baki ne. Aunar fadawa cikin laka, wakilan fauna na Afirka sun sami launi ɗaya.
Akwai kuma fararen karkanda. Sun rayu saboda sun fi tashin hankali fiye da danginsu da suka mutu. An farautar dabbobin baƙar fata da farko azaman ganima mai sauƙi. Wakilin ƙarshe na jinsin ya mutu a cikin 2013.
Hatimin Caribbean
A cikin Caribbean, shi kaɗai ne wakilin dangin hatimi. An buɗe a 1494. Wannan ita ce shekarar da Columbus ya ziyarci bakin tekun Santo Domingo. Har ma a wannan lokacin, yankin Caribbean ya fi son kadaici, nesa da ƙauyuka. Mutanen da ke cikin jinsin ba su wuce tsawon santimita 240 ba.
Black littafin dabbobi ambaci hatimin Caribbean tun 2008. Wannan ita ce shekarar da aka yanke hukuncin ɗanɗano a hukumance. Koyaya, ba su gan shi ba tun 1952. Fiye da rabin karni, yankin da hatimin yake zaune ya kasance ba a san shi ba, yana fatan har yanzu ya sadu da shi.
Taiwan ta lullube damisa
Tana fama da cutar ta Taiwan, ba a sami ta a waje ba. Tun daga 2004, ba a sami maharbin a ko'ina ba. Dabbar wani yanki ne na damisa mai gajimare. 'Yan asalin Taiwan sun ɗauki damisar gida a matsayin ruhun kakanninsu. Idan akwai wasu gaskiya a cikin imani, babu wani tallafi na sauran duniya a yanzu.
Da fatan gano damisar Taiwan, masana kimiyya sun girka kyamarorin infrared 13,000 a mazauninsu. Tsawon shekaru 4 babu wani wakilin jinsin daya shiga cikin tabarau.
Kifin kifin na kasar Sin
An kai mita 7 a tsayi. Ita ce mafi girma daga cikin kifayen kogin. Muƙamuƙin dabbar da ke dunkule cikin wani irin takobi ya juye gefe. An haɗu da wakilan nau'in a cikin saman Yangtze. A can ne aka ga kifin kifin na ƙarshe a cikin Janairu 2003.
Kifin kifin na kasar Sin yana da dangantaka da 'yan iskan birgewa, kuma ya jagoranci rayuwa irin ta masu farauta.
Dabbar dabbar Pyrenean
Mutum na ƙarshe ya mutu a 2000. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, dabbar ta rayu a cikin tsaunukan Spain da Faransa. Tuni a cikin 80s, akwai kawai ibex 14. Jinsin shine farkon wanda yayi kokarin dawo da shi ta hanyar amfani da cloning. Koyaya, kwafin samfurin halitta sun mutu da sauri kafin su balaga.
Bunguron karshe ya zauna a Mount Perdido. Yana kan yankin Mutanen Espanya na Pyrenees. Wasu masanan dabbobi sun ki yin la’akari da jinsunan da suka mutu. Hujjar ita ce cakuda sauran Pyrenees tare da wasu nau'ikan bishiyar fure. Wato, muna magana ne game da asarar tsarkin kwayar halitta na mutane, kuma ba game da bacewarta ba.
Kogin kifin na kasar Sin
Wadannan dabbobi da aka jera a cikin littafin baki, ya bayyana a bace a 2006. Mafi yawan mutane sun mutu, suna cikin ragar kamun kifi. A farkon shekarun 2000, akwai sauran kifayen kogin kasar Sin 13. A karshen shekarar 2006, masana kimiyya sun yi balaguro don sabon kirgawa, amma ba su sami ko dabba ba.
Na kasar Sin ya banbanta da sauran kifayen kogin ta finafinan da ke kama da tuta. A tsawonta, dabbar ta kai santimita 160, ta auna daga kilo 100 zuwa 150.
Dabbobin da suka ɓace a cikin karnin da ya gabata
Zoben zinariya
An sanya sunan zinare saboda launin maza na jinsin. Sun kasance gaba ɗaya orange-rawaya. An yiwa matan jinsin alama. Babban launi na mata yana kusa da brindle. Mata kuma sun banbanta a girma, kasancewar sun fi maza girma.
Adwallon zinare ya rayu a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi na Costa Rica. Adam ya san nau'ikan kusan shekaru 20. A karo na farko, an bayyana zoben zinare a shekarar 1966. Zuwa shekarun 90, dabbobi sun daina faruwa a yanayi.
Reobatrachus
Wani ƙarancin kwado wanda ya zauna a Ostiraliya. A waje mara kyau, sautin fadama kuma tare da manyan, idanu masu kumbura. Amma rheobatrachus yana da kyakkyawar zuciya. Mata sun haɗiye caviar, suna ɗauke da shi a cikin ciki na kimanin makonni 2 ba tare da ciyarwa ba. Don haka kwadi sun kare zuriyar daga harin maharan. Lokacin da lokacin ya yi, sai aka haifi kwaɗi, waɗanda ke fitowa daga bakin uwar.
Reobatrachus na ƙarshe ya mutu a 1980.
Tecopa
Wannan kifi ne, wanda aka bayyana a cikin 1948 ta Robert Miller. An bayyana jinsin ya mutu a shekarar 1973. Wannan shi ne farkon sanarwa da hukuma ta yi game da asarar adadin dabbobin. Kafin wannan, jerin sunayen baƙi sun kasance.
Tecopa karamin kifi ne, tsayinsa yakai santimita 5-10. Jinsin ba shi da darajar kasuwanci, amma ya bambanta fauna.
Gabashin cougar
Subsasashe ne na cougar Arewacin Amurka. Misali na ƙarshe an harbe shi a cikin 1938. Koyaya, wannan ya bayyana a karni kawai. Tun daga shekarun 70s, ana ɗaukar nau'in mai haɗari, kuma an yarda da shi ɓatacce ne kawai a cikin 2011.
A zahiri, cougar gabas bai bambanta da na yamma ba, ya banbanta da su kawai a mazauninsu.Saboda haka, idan mutane na yamma suka fara shiga yankin danginsu da suka mutu, ra'ayi zai tashi cewa na biyun kawai bai ci karo da mutane ba, amma ya ci gaba da kasancewa.
Thylacina
Black Book na Dabbobin da suka Bace wakiltar dabbar a matsayin damisa ta Tasmania. Sunan ya kasance saboda kasancewar ratsiyoyi masu ratsa jiki a bayan mai farautar. Sun fi duhu fiye da ainihin sautin gashi. A waje, thylacine yayi kama da kerkolfci ko kare.
Daga cikin marsupials masu cin nama, shi ne mafi girma, ya zauna a Ostiraliya. Ga manoman kasar, dabbar ta zama barazana yayin da ta afkawa dabbobi. Sabili da haka, an harbe thylacines sosai. A cikin 1888, gwamnatin Ostiraliya ta ba da sanarwar kyautatawa ga duk wani kerkeci da aka kashe. Na ƙarshe a cikin yanayi an kashe shi a cikin 1930. Wasu mutane sun kasance a gidajen zoo, na ƙarshe wanda ya mutu a 1934.
Bubal
Wannan ita ce irin dabbar Arewacin Afirka. Ta kai kimanin fam 200. Tsayin dabbar ya kasance santimita 120. Wereari sun kasance ƙahonin siffa mai tsayin centimita 70.
Bubal na ƙarshe ya mutu a Gidan Zoo na Paris a 1923. An harbe dabbobi don nama, fata, ƙaho
Quagga
Wannan wani yanki ne na zebra, wanda ya rayu a Afirka, a kudancin nahiyar. Baya da baya na quagga suna bay, kamar na farin doki. Kan, wuya da wani sashi na damarar kafada sun kasance masu yalwa da ratsiyoyi kamar na alfadarai. Latterarshen sun fi danginsu da suka shuɗe girma.
Naman quagg yayi dadi kuma fatar tayi karfi. Saboda haka, baƙin haure daga Holland sun fara harba zebra. Tare da "taimakonsu" jinsin suka bace tun farkon karni na 20.
Dambar Javanese
Ya rayu a tsibirin Java. Saboda haka sunan damisa. Daga cikin waɗanda suka tsira, mahautan Javanese sun yi kama da na Sumatran. Koyaya, a cikin dabbobin da suka ɓace, raƙuman raƙuman suna ba sau da yawa, kuma launi ya kasance kamar inuwar duhu.
Jinsunan sun mutu, saboda yana harbi a hankali. 'Yan kama-karya sun zabi sauki - dabbobi, wanda aka hallakar da su. Additionari ga haka, waɗanda aka pedaguwa sun kasance masu sha'awar mafarauta a matsayin tushen asalin fur. Saboda dalilai guda, an hallaka Tigers na Balinese da Transcaucasian a cikin karni na 20.
Tarpan
Wannan shi ne kakan dawakai. Tarpans sun rayu a gabashin Turai da yamma Rasha. Black littafin dabbobi an kara da dokin gandun daji a cikin 1918. A cikin Rasha, an kashe karke na ƙarshe a cikin 1814 a yankin Kaliningrad. Sun harbe dawakan, saboda sun ci ciyawar da aka girbe a matattakalar. Sun yanka ta domin dabbobi. Lokacin da dawakan daji ke amfani da abin ci, talakawa na fama da yunwa.
Tarpans sun kasance masu sauri da ƙanana. Wani ɓangare na yawan “rajista” a cikin Siberia. Wasu daga cikin jinsunan sun kasance na gida. Dangane da irin waɗannan mutane, an yi kiwon irinsu dawakai a cikin Belarus. Koyaya, basu da kama da asalin kakanninsu.
Guadalupe caracara
Sunan yana nuna wurin tsuntsayen. Ta zauna a tsibirin Guadalupe. Wannan yankin ƙasar Mexico ne. Bayanin ƙarshe na caracar mai rai yana kwanan wata 1903.
'Yan Karakars suna da iska kuma suna da mummunan suna. Mutane ba sa jin cewa hatta tsuntsaye masu wadatar abinci sun afka wa dabbobin, suna kashe su don jin daɗi. Karakars sun lalata danginsu da kajinsu, idan sun kasance masu rauni. Da zaran manoman tsibirin suka sa hannu a kan sinadarai, sai suka fara kashe dabbar daji.
Kenai kerkeci
Ya kasance mafi girma a cikin kerkeci. Tsayin dabba a bushe ya wuce santimita 110. Irin wannan kerkeci na iya shawo kan goge, abin da ya yi. Wakilan jinsunan Kenai suma sun yi farautar wasu manyan dabbobi.
Kerketai na Kenai sun rayu a gabar Kanada. Wakilin ƙarshe na jinsin an gan shi a wurin a cikin 1910. An kashe kerkeci, kamar sauran. Masu cin abincin Kenai suna cikin dabi'ar farautar dabbobi.
Steppe kangaroo bera
Mutum na ƙarshe ya mutu a cikin 1930. Dabbar ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta tsakanin marsupials, ta zauna a Ostiraliya. In ba haka ba, ana kiran dabbar nono kangaroo.
Bera mai ɗanɗano ya mutu ba tare da taimakon ɗan adam ba. Dabbobin sun zauna a wurare masu nisa, da wuraren da ba za a iya shiga ba. Jinsi kawai bai iya jure canjin yanayi da hare-haren masu farauta.
Aku Caroline
Shi ne kadai aku aku a Arewacin Amirka. A farkon karnin da ya gabata, an ayyana tsuntsu a matsayin makiyin bishiyoyi masu 'ya'ya a wurin. Aku ya cinye girbin. Harbi mai aiki ya fara. Bugu da ƙari, an lalata wuraren tsuntsaye na asali. Musamman, dabbobin suna son wuraren dausayi tare da bishiyoyin jirgin sama.
Aku na karshe na Caroline ya mutu a cikin 1918. Jikin wakilan lalatacciyar duniya sun kasance shuɗar duhu. A wuyan, launi ya juya zuwa rawaya. Tsuntsun yana da gashin tsuntsu mai launin ruwan lemo da jan a kai.
Dabbobin da suka bace tun kafin farkon ƙarni na 20
Falkland fox
A cikin Tsibirin Falkland, shi kaɗai ne mai cin ƙasar. Black Book na Dabbobin da suka Bace ya ruwaito cewa fox din ya yi ihu kamar karnuka. Dabbar tana da madauri mai yalwa, ƙananan kunnuwa. Akwai fararen tabo a kan wutsiya da hancin fox. Cikin mai farautar kuma haske ne, kuma bayanta da gefunan sun kasance masu launin ruwan kasa-ja.
Wani mutum ne ya kashe Kokarin Falkland. A cikin 1860s, yan mulkin mallaka daga Scotland suka tashi zuwa tsibiran suka fara kiwon tumaki. Dawakai sun fara farautar su ba tare da tsoron mutane ba, saboda masu cin abincin da suka gabata ba su da abokan gaba na tsibiran. 'Yan mulkin mallaka sun rama garken garkensu ta hanyar kashe yaudara ta ƙarshe a cikin 1876.
Kangaroo mai dogon kunne
Ya bambanta kansa daga jan kangaroo ja, wanda ya zama alama ta Ostiraliya, da dogon kunnuwa, tsayi mai tsayi, haɗe da siririn da sirara.
Dabbar ta rayu a kudu maso gabashin Australia. Misali na ƙarshe an ɗauka a cikin 1889.
Ezo kerkeci
Ya zauna a Japan. A waje da kan iyakokinta, galibi ana kiranta hokkaido. Tattaunawa, abin da dabbobi suke a cikin Black Book daga dabbobin da suka mutu, sun fi kama da mutanen Turai na zamani, masana kimiyya suna tunawa daidai. Wadannan mafarautan suma suna da yanayin jiki, kuma tsayinsu daya ne - santimita 110-130.
Rukunan karshe ya mutu a cikin 1889. An harbe kerken kuma ya sami kyauta daga jihar. Don haka hukumomi suka goyi bayan noma, tare da kare shanu daga hare-haren masu lalata launin toka.
Wingless auk
Kare a tsakiyar karni na 19. Ya yadu a cikin Tekun Atlantika. Ana zaune a arewa, ana rarrabe loon ta dumi dumi. Saboda shi, suka hallaka tsuntsun. An yi amfani da gashin da aka cire don samar da matashin kai.
An yi wa lakabin maras fuka-fukai saboda ya bunkasa gabobin gwaiwa. Basu iya daga wata babbar dabba cikin iska ba. Wannan ya sauƙaƙa farautar wakilan nau'in.
Cape zaki
Latterarshen ya faɗi a ƙarshen karni na 19. Jinsunan sun zauna kusa da Cape Peninsula, a kudancin Afirka. Idan zakuna na yau da kullun suna iya shafawa a kansa kawai, to a cikin Cape zakuna ya rufe kirjin da ciki. Wani bambanci a cikin jinsunan shine yatsun baki na kunnuwa.
‘Yan mulkin mallaka daga Holland da Ingila waɗanda ke zaune a Afirka ba su fahimci rabe-raben zaki ba, sun kashe kowa ba ji ba gani. Kapsky, a matsayin mafi ƙanƙanta, ya faɗi cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata.
Haduwa da katuwar kunkuru
Mutum na ƙarshe ya mutu a 1840. A sarari yake cewa dabbar bata rayu ba hoto. Black littafin dabbobi ya ba da labarin cewa katuwar kunkuru ta kasance ga Reunion. Tsibiri ne a cikin Tekun Indiya.
Dabbobin da ba su da hankali fiye da mita ɗaya ba sa jin tsoron mutane. Na dogon lokaci kawai basu kasance akan tsibirin ba. Lokacin da aka sake haduwa, sai suka fara lalata kunkuru, suna ciyar da naman su da kansu da kuma kiwon dabbobi, alal misali, aladu.
Kioea
Tsuntsu ya bace a shekarar 1859. Jinsin sun yi karanci tun ma kafin Turawa su gano Hawaii, inda take zaune. 'Yan asalin tsibirin ba su san da kasancewar kioea ba. Turawan da suka iso sun gano tsuntsun.
Fahimtar cewa a zahiri akwai dozin doyo da yawa a kan tsibirin, baƙi ba su iya ceton nau'in ba kuma har yanzu basu san dalilin ɓatarsa ba.
Tun karni na 16, tsuntsun dodo, yawon bude ido, aku goshin Mauriti, jan barewa, Madagascar pygmy hippopotamus, ya mutu, an rera shi a baiti da tatsuniyoyi. Masana kimiyya sun yi iƙirarin cewa nau'in dubu 27 suna ɓacewa kowace shekara a cikin wurare masu zafi kawai. A bayyane yake, a cikin karnonin da suka gabata, adadi na halakar bai yi kadan ba.
A cikin ƙarni 5 da suka gabata, sunayen halittu masu rai 830 sun ɓace. Idan ka ninka dubu 27 da 500, zaka samu sama da miliyan 13. Babu Littafin Baki wanda zai isa anan. A halin yanzu, littafin ya ƙunshi dukkan nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka ɓace, ana sabunta su, kamar Red Volume, kowane shekara 10.
