Yanki na musamman da ke aiki azaman iyaka tsakanin Turai da Asiya shine Urals. Ya raba bangaren yamma da bangaren gabas. Babu irin wannan iyakar ikon a cikin yanayi.
Tsawonsa ya wuce kilomita 2000, kuma fadinsa daga arewa zuwa kudu yana da kilomita 40-150. Matsayi mafi girma daga jerin tsaunukan Ural shine Dutsen Narodnaya, wanda ya tashi har zuwa 1895 m.
A kan wannan babban yankin, dole ne a sami babban bambancin yanayi. Wannan hakika lamarin haka yake. A cikin Urals, kuna iya ganin komai - gandun daji, steppes, tundra har ma da kankara.
Manyan masoya na yanayi da kowane irin yanayi zasu zama masu ban sha'awa anan. Yawancin duwatsu da koguna, koguna da tafkuna, dazuzzuka da wuraren ajiye duwatsu suna jan hankalin mutane da kyawawan ɗabi'u da kwarjini.
A irin waɗannan wuraren, mutane na iya gwadawa da gwada kansu don ƙarfi da juriya. Wurare masu ban mamaki da ban mamaki na Urals suna da wadata a cikin fure iri-iri. Amazes dabbobi da yawa a cikin Ural.
Baya ga namun daji, akwai wurare da yawa inda mutane ke rayuwa cikin cikakken aminci da jin daɗi. dabbobi ja littattafai Ural... Ba zai yiwu a faɗi game da duk mazaunan waɗannan wuraren a takaice ba, amma har yanzu kuna iya yin la'akari da samfuransu masu ban sha'awa.
ZUWA dabbobin Ural ta Kudu sun hada da barewa, lemmings mai kofato, karnukan arctic, Middendorf voles da partridges. Dabbobin Urals na Arewa suma suna mamakin yawan jinsin su. Daga cikinsu zaku iya samun beyar, elks, hares, dawakai, dawakai, wolverines, lynxes, sables, martens, beavers, otters.
Reindeer
Wannan dabba na mallakar dabbobi masu kere kere na artiodactyl. Kawai a wannan nau'in, mata suna yin ƙaho daidai da na maza. Suna motsawa ba tare da matsala a saman dusar ƙanƙara ba saboda manyan kofatocinsu.
Barewa suna da kyakkyawar ji. Amma hangen nesan su ya bar abin da ake so. A cikin garken dabbobi, shugaban yana da nasa. A lokacin hunturu, dabbobi suna samun abinci daga ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara.
A wasu lokuta na shekara, naman ciyawa kan naman kaza, algae, ƙwai tsuntsaye da ruwan teku. Ba za a iya yin reinerer kamar dabbar dabba ba. Ko da zai yiwu a yi hakan, to, kana bukatar yin ƙoƙari sosai yayin kula da shi.
In ba haka ba, wannan dabba mai son 'yanci na iya sake zama ta daji. A yankunan Arewa, ba a auna arziki da kudi, sai a gaban barewa. Therearin yawa, wadataccen mutum shine.
Reindeer a cikin hoton
Yin leffin Hoofed
Wannan dabba mai shayarwa ta dangin hamster ne. Lemming yana da matsakaiciyar girma. Wutsiyar ba ta fi ta ƙafafun baya ba. Akwai tari a kan kafafun dabbar. Wadannan dabbobin suna rayuwa a wurare daban-daban.
Abincin su ya hada da ganyaye da bawon bishiyoyi. Ayyukan rodents yana bayyana koyaushe. Kullum a farke suke. Gidajen waɗannan dabbobi suna da hadadden tsari, suna da mashiga da fita fiye da ɗaya.
Wannan shine irin burbushin su. Don lokacin hunturu, lemmings suna ba da gida gida masu dumi wanda aka rufe da ulu. A kowane yanayi, dabbobi suna da launuka na asali. A cikin hunturu suna da fari tsarkakakku kuma masu haske.
A lokacin bazara, sun zama ja ko launin ruwan kasa. Baƙin ratsi mai bayyane a bayyane tare da baya. An saka musu wuya da wuya abun wuya mai haske. Za a iya rarrabe lemmings na yara a cikin bazara ta sautunan creamy.
A hoto lemming
Arctic fox
Wannan dabba mai ban mamaki tana cikin dangi ne, suna kanana ne kuma masu laushi. Dawakan Arctic suna girma daga tsayi daga 45 zuwa 70 cm .. nauyinsu bai wuce kilogiram 8 ba. Karnukan Arctic suna da farin gashi mai laushi, wanda abin dogaro yana kare su daga tsananin sanyi, saboda mazaunin wadannan dabbobin yana cikin yankin arewacin duniya, inda zafin yake yake.
Abincin karnukan Arctic sun haɗa da abincin da suka sami kansu. Akwai lokacin da kusan babu abinci. Sannan suna samun ragowar daga manyan mafarauta kuma suna cinye su cikin nishadi. Wadannan dabbobin ban mamaki suna rayuwa a wuraren da, a cewar mutane, sam basu dace da rayuwa ba.
Dabbar Arctic fox
Middendorf yawo
Ana iya samun wannan dabba mafi yawanci a cikin tundra a Arewacin Urals. Learfin ya fi son fadama. Jikinta ya kai tsawon 130 mm, kuma wutsiyarsa tsawon 35 mm ne. A lokacin rani, suna amfani da sandunan tsutsa don abinci.
A lokacin hunturu, ana amfani da tushenta. Wannan dabbar tana adana abinci don kanta. Ana iya ganin narkakkun Vole a matakin da ke sama da ƙasa a cikin shuɗar shuɗi da kuma na birch.
Middendorf yawo
Hadin kai
Wadannan halittu kwata-kwata basa tsoron makwabtaka da mutane. Akasin haka, suna ƙoƙari su zauna kusa da ƙauyukan. Kuma a lokacin sanyi, suna neman wurin kwana a farfajiyar ko kusa da gine-ginen wasu mutane. Partridges sun fi tattabara kaɗan girma. Mata kusan ba su bambanta da na maza ba.
Halittu ne masu nutsuwa. Rukunin rarrabuwa na iya barin mazauninsu na dindindin kawai saboda yunwa ko ayyukan ɗan adam. Mafi yawan lokutansu suna cin abinci. Ba sa tashi sama. Jirgin yana cikin nutsuwa da nutsuwa.
Wannan halitta ce baki daya. A cikin garken bangare, akwai kusan mutane 30. Sai kawai a lokacin bazara suka rabu biyu-biyu. Iyakar ayyukan sashi ya faɗo da safe da yamma. Ba dare da rana ba, sun gwammace su zauna a cikin daji da dazuzzuka na ciyawa.
A cikin hoton, tsuntsun shine jaka
Biya
Mutane suna koyo game da waɗannan dabbobin tun suna ƙuruciya. Su ne jarumai na ƙaunatattun tatsuniyoyin yara. Wannan ita ce babbar dabba a lokaci guda ba ita ce mafi yawan farauta ba.
Abincin da aka fi so da beyar shine tushen succulent na ganye, samari masu tushe na shuke-shuke, 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itacen al'ul. Ba tare da jin daɗi ba, beyar ta ci kifi. Shi ma baya kyamar gawa. Wani lokaci, a lokacin yunwa, bears suna kai wa muz.
Dangane da dangantakar wannan dabbar da mutum, ya fi jin tsoron sa fiye da tsanantawa akan sa. Amma kada ku shakata a gaban beyar. Babu wani yanayi da zai hana shi haushi ko damuwa a cikin kogonsa.
Daga dabba mai natsuwa, mai rabin bacci, zai iya canzawa da sauri zuwa dabba mai tashin hankali. Halinsa ga mutane ba shi da tabbas lokacin da beyar ke jin yunwa. A irin wannan lokacin, zai fi kyau a tsallake shi.
Elk
Wannan mazaunin gandun daji yana karfafa girmamawa da tsoro tare da fitowar sa. Elks suna da girma da ƙarfi. Suna da manyan gaɓoɓi da gajere gajere. Hannun da aka yi wa rauni da ƙahonin mazan duka ana ɗaukarsu alama ce taiga.
Gandun daji na Pine, tsofaffin wuraren da aka kona da kuma sharewa ana ɗauka wuraren da wannan dabbar ta fi so. A irin waɗannan wuraren ne akwai wadatattun ƙananan rarar daji. Abincin da aka fi so daga waɗannan dabbobin daji na Urals sune rassan bishiyoyi, kuma suna son bishiyoyin pine mafi yawa. Suna yawan zama a bakin koguna da kuma yankin fadama. A lokacin kaka, muus ya ƙaura daga yamma zuwa gabas. Ku dawo a cikin bazara.
Kurege
Babu babban buƙatar gaya wa kowa ko wanene. Kamar dai yadda kai da kai, da kyarkyami da kerk wci, kurege gogaggen abu ne wanda aka saba da shi. Katun da kowa ya fi so "To, dakata minti ɗaya!" gabatar dashi ga yara tun suna kanana.
Fararen kurege suna rayuwa a cikin Urals. Sun fi son wuraren da akwai samari da yawa na matasa, yankan wuta da ƙonawa. Dabbobi sukan shirya wa kansu hutu, inda ya kamata. Zai iya zama daji ko itace mai karkata. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa dabba zai iya yin tsalle sau da yawa ba zato ba tsammani, yana da alama kusan daga ƙafafunsa.
Wolf da fox
Kerkeci da dabba sanannu ne masu cin kazamar daji. Foxes suna son rayuwa a cikin gandun daji marasa ƙima, kusa da koguna, kusa da ƙauyukan mutane. Wannan kyakkyawa mai jan kai mai farauta ya fi son cin tsuntsaye, beraye, kwari da kwadi.
Wasu lokuta kurege na zama wadanda ake kira dawakai. Amma hakan baya faruwa kamar yadda mutane suke fada. Game da kerkeci, ya kasance mai tsananin cutarwa. Unguungiyoyin daji ba sa zama abin cutarwa. Kerkeci ya fi son gemu da barewa.
Mafi yawanci yakan kawo musu hari lokacin da basu da lafiya da rauni. Wolves ba sa taɓa ƙin yarda da kurege, dila da ƙananan beraye. A lokacin hunturu, waɗannan dabbobin suna haɗuwa cikin garken tumaki kuma suna da haɗari mai girma ga mutane, kodayake akwai keɓaɓɓun shari'ar da suka kai wa mutane.
Wolverine
Wannan dabba babba ce mai farauta. Yana da manyan kafafu da kuma wutsiya mai walƙiya. Gawarwakin muz da na barewa sune abincin da aka fi so don wolverines. Wasu lokuta sukan afkawa wadannan dabbobin.
Wannan na faruwa idan basu da lafiya. In ba haka ba, wolverine ba zai iya kayar da su ba. Hakanan ana amfani da robobi, wasa da matsakaitan matsakaita. Ba shi da mahimmanci ga waɗannan dabbobi su zauna a wani wuri na musamman. Suna iya yin tafiya mai nisa don neman abinci.
A cikin hoton akwai Wolverine
Lynx
Wannan kyakkyawan kyanwar arewa sananne ne ga mutane da yawa. Abu ne mai sauki a gane ta ta hanyar tassels a kunnenta, gefen kunne da karamin wutsiya. Nauyin lynx na manya ya kai kilo 25. Launin dabba mai launin ja-kasa-kasa ko kuma mai sanƙo-smoky.
Hankali da ƙwarewa na iya yin hassada. Bugu da kari, tana da kyakkyawan sauraro. Lynx na iya ɗaukar sautin ko matakan wanda aka azabtar da nisan kilomita da yawa, amma ba zai kai hari kai tsaye ba.
Da farko tana wayo da dabara cikin dabara. Don farauta, ya zaɓi lokacin duhu na yini. Babban tsallen wannan dabba yayi daidai da tsayin manya biyu. Babban abincin lynx shine ɓerayen filaye.
Ba ta ƙin yarda daga zomo, da baƙar fata da dabbobin da kofato. Wani lokaci, lokacin da wannan dabbar ta bayyana a cikin sasantawa, kuliyoyi ko karnuka na iya wahala daga lynx.
Za a iya kai hari ga fox. Amma ba don cin shi ba, amma kawai don cin abincin ganima. Lynx yana buƙatar kilogram biyu na nama kowace rana. Wannan kyakkyawan kyanwar daji ba ya jin tsoron mutane.
Sable
Wannan mazaunin taiga ya bambanta da dabbobi da yawa cikin ƙarfinsa da ƙarfinsa. Yana zaune a duniya. Motsawa ta hanyar tsalle. A lokaci guda, sabulu suna da kyau a tafiya cikin bishiyoyi.
Sun inganta ci gaba da ji da ƙamshi. Ba za a iya faɗi wannan game da ra'ayi ba; mai talla ba zai iya alfahari da shi ba. Wannan dabba tana yin kuwwa kamar kyanwa. Sauƙi yana motsawa akan dusar ƙanƙara.
Ayyukan dabba suna faɗuwa da safe da maraice. Mazaunan da ya fi so su ne itacen al'ul, ruwan kogin tsaunuka, dwarf dazuzzuka, masu sanya duwatsu. Lokaci kawai zaka iya ganin sable a cikin kambin itace. Sun fi son farauta su kadai. Mafi yawansu ba sa son kiyaye ɓarna a ƙasashensu.
Hoto hoto ne na dabba
Marten
Tana da kyakkyawar siririn jiki, tsawonta ya kai 50-80 cm. Tsawon wutsiyar dabba mai laushi ya kai cm 35-50. Sun auna daga 0.5 zuwa kilogiram 5.7. Galibi maza sun fi mata girma. Martens launin ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa ne.
Waɗannan dabbobi ne masu lalacewa waɗanda ke da ikon yin duk abin da za su iya yaudarar su. Martananan Martens suna ciyar da mafi yawan lokacin hutu a cikin wasanni. Basu taba afkawa mutum ba.
Amma, idan shahidi, gidansa ko yaransa suna cikin haɗari, sun zama masu saurin tashin hankali. Ana amfani da kaifin hakora da faratan dabbobi, wadanda da su zasu iya haifar da illa mai yawa.
Beaver
Wannan dabbar ita ce mafi girma a cikin Rasha. Zai iya rayuwa a cikin ruwa da cikin rami. Godiya ga keɓaɓɓun membobin ninkaya, mai beaver yana jin daɗi a cikin ruwa.
Yana da jela mara wari, mara gashi gashi an rufe shi da faranti. Don kare burbushinsu daga kutse na wasu mutane, masu yin bea suna gina madatsun ruwa. Sun yi rassa da bishiyoyi.
Irin wadannan madatsun ruwa na iya kai har tsawon mita 15 kuma suna toshe hanyoyin ruwa har ya tashi zuwa mita 1.5. Wadannan dabbobin suna cin abinci a kan rassan Willow, ceri tsuntsu, birch da aspen. A lokacin rani, ana amfani da ciyawa.
Otter
Ta mallaki ɗayan mafi darajar furs. Na da yawa bayanin dabbobi a cikin Ural sananne ne cewa adadin otters ya ragu sosai. 'Yan damfara ne na ruwa, don haka ana iya ganin burbushinsu kusa da ruwa.
Wani lokaci ana yin hayar beaver da burk burkrat. Suna jagorancin salon rayuwa, idan suna da abin da zasu ci. Idan wadatar abinci ta tabarbare, sai su nemi wurare masu gamsarwa su yi kaura zuwa can.
Otter ya fi son abincin dabbobi kawai. Yana son kifi, frogs, crayfish, kwari, tsuntsaye. Abokan gaba da abokan hamayyar wannan dabbar kusan basa nan.
Hoton hoto ne na dabbobi
Fauna na Urals mai ban sha'awa da wadata wanda zaku iya magana game dashi game da sha'awa da ƙarshe. Ba kowa bane ke da damar ziyartar wannan kusurwa mai ban mamaki da ban mamaki. Zai taimaka hotunan dabbobi na Uralsinda suke kusan kusan iri ɗaya da na ainihin rayuwa.
