Fasali da mazaunin rakumi mai raɗaɗi ɗaya
Na dogon lokaci, ana daukar raƙuma dabbobi masu mahimmanci a ƙasashe masu yanayin zafi da bushe, tun da yake sun yi wa mutane hidima da aminci tun fil azal. Kuma ana auna dukiyar mai ita da yawan garken rakumi.
An san cewa saboda jimirinsu, yanayin tafiya, juyawa kaɗan, da ikon motsawa a kai a kai a kan yashi mai zafi, an ba su laƙabi: jiragen ruwa na hamada.
Kuma ba tare da dalili ba, saboda a zamanin da sune kawai hanyar safarar motsi, ta hanyar tsananin zafi, fadada mara iyaka da mara rai. Kasancewa da kamanni da dabbobin da aka kafa a kofato, raƙuma galibi suna rikicewa da su.
Kodayake, kasancewar wakilan dabbobi masu kofato, amma ba su da kofato, amma ƙafafun ƙafafu, a matsayin masu jigilar fasali da yawa na kamanni da ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, masana kimiyyar ne ke jera su a matsayin yanki na masu kira.
Rakumai dabbobi masu shayarwa ne. Kuma wannan ba rashin bayyanar bane, amma ɗakin ajiya na abubuwan gina jiki da danshi mai daraja. Amma tare da masu siffa biyu, wadanda suka shahara kuma suka yadu, ma'abocin jinsin rakumi, akwai dabbobi a duniya - ma'abuta tsintsiya daya tak.
A cikin daji, irin waɗannan halittu ana ɗaukarsu sun kare, amma mutum mai gida ba sabon abu bane a zamaninmu. Sunan rakumi daya mai danshi - dromedary. Waɗannan halittu masu ƙwazo yanzu suna ci gaba da hidimarsu ga ɗan adam.
Dromedaries ba su da yawa fiye da masu haɗuwa biyu, suna kai mita uku a tsayi kuma game da mita biyu a tsayi. Humaya daga cikin nauyin rakumi matsakaita kimanin kilogram 500
Waɗannan halittun suna da siriri kuma suna da dogayen ƙafa, suna ƙarewa a ƙasan da makullin kira biyu-na yatsa. Bugu da kari, ana iya ganin kiraruka ba kawai a kafafun dabba ba, suna rufe gwiwa da sauran sassan jiki.
Gashi na dromedaries, ya fi tsayi a baya da wuya, mafi yawanci, haɗuwa tare da asalin asalin hamada, yana da launi mai yashi. Koyaya, akwai launin ruwan kasa masu duhu har ma da fararen samfuran, amma launuka masu launin toka-rawaya sun fi yawa a cikin launi na waɗannan halittu.
Kari akan haka, siffofin rarrabe na bayyanar su (kamar yadda zaku iya gani a cikin hoton rakumi mai sulɓi ɗaya) su ne: madaidaiciya madaidaiciya tare da girare masu kauri da girare masu tsayi a kan girar ido, tana karewa daga yashi a cikin hamada; babba mai yatsu; hancin hancin ta hanyar tsaguwa wanda zai iya rufewa idan ya cancanta, wanda ya dace yayin guguwar yashi; kazalika da doguwar wuya da gajere, gwargwadon girman girma, jelar rabin mita.
Waɗannan dabbobin sun sami tushe sosai, an yaba da su sosai kuma ana buƙatarsu a Arewacin Afirka, Indiya da sauran ƙasashen Asiya. Rakumin da aka yiwa rauni yana rayuwa a Pakistan, Afghanistan da Iran - kasashen da a koda yaushe yake da muhimmanci ga mutum, har ya zama gwarzo ga tatsuniyoyin sihiri da yawa.
Dabi'a da salon rayuwar rakumi ɗaya-ɗaya
Rakumi daya rakashi – dabba, iya rayuwa ba tare da matsala ba a cikin mawuyacin yanayi na hamada, inda wasu sauran halittu ba sa iya tsayawa har kwana ɗaya.
Fatar wadannan halittun na jure bushewa, kuma zafin da ke kumbura baya haifar da gumi. Don haka, jiki yana kiyaye danshi mai tamani a cikin fari na hamada.
Amma idan raƙumi ya sami damar zuwa ruwa, to, kamar yadda jita-jita yake da shi, yana iyo da kyau. Kuma wannan shine sirrin dabi'ar wayo, saboda yawancin raƙuma a rayuwarsu basu taɓa ganin ruwa mai ɗaci sosai ba, wanda yake cikin koguna da tafkuna.
Asirin wannan lamarin a bayyane yake a ɓoye yake a cikin hanyoyin juyin halitta, da rakumi daya mai danshi, kamar 'yan uwanta, shima an bashi wannan fasalin.
Mazaunan hamada, tun daga zamanin da har zuwa yau, sun fi dogaro ne da waɗannan dabbobi marasa ƙoshin wahala. Larabawa suna ganin irin wadannan halittu a matsayin baiwar Allah mafi daraja.
Yawan ma'aikata na raƙuma ba koyaushe bane. Suna ɗaukar ruwa, suna taimakawa wajen noma ƙasar suna ɗauke da kaya masu nauyi. Wannan ya zama gama gari a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun har raƙumin raƙumi ya zama ma'auni na yau da kullun ga mutanen zamanin gabas.
Jawowar dabba koyaushe tana ba mutum tufafi. Mai wadataccen kitse, nama mai ɗanɗano ya yi wa mutane hidima, da madarar raƙumi, wanda, idan aka tsoma shi da ruwa, yana shayar da ƙishi.
Mutane sun dade suna azama da amfani da Dromedaries wanda kusan babu wani bayani game da rayuwar su ta daji, kodayake rakumi mai raƙumi ɗaya ya shiga cikin rayuwar mutum, bisa ga wasu bayanai, bayan haka, daga baya fiye da brothersan'uwansa masu taurin zuciya biyu.
Amma dromedaries ba kawai sun zama masu ba da abinci da dogaro da mataimakan mazauna hamada ba, har ma sun sami yabo saboda kyawawan halayensu. Suna jure zafi fiye da raƙuman Bactrian, har ma suna ba da madara.
Daga Girkanci "dromayos" an fassara shi da sauri, kuma wannan yana bayyana ma'anar duka sunayen rakumi mai dunƙulewa ɗaya-ɗaya, Wanda yayi nasarar zarce danginsa cikin tashin hankali.
Wadannan dabbobin ba zakara ba ne a cikin aiki kawai, amma fiye da sau daya sun zama masu cin nasara, suna shiga cikin shahararrun tseren rakuma, sananne tsakanin al'ummomin Larabawa tun fil azal. Tribesabilu makiyaya na hamada a yau suna amfani da waɗannan halittun a matsayin dabbobin ɗaukar kaya da kuma hanya ɗaya kaɗai ta safara.
Kakanin rakumi daya rakashi ya zo ne daga hamadar Arabiya, kuma ƙabilar Badawiyya sun fara narkar da shi fiye da shekaru dubu uku da suka gabata. Daga baya, dromedaries ya ƙare a Palestine, kuma daga can zuwa Uzbekistan da Turkmenistan. Amma yaduwar zuwa karin kasashen arewacin bai yi nasara ba, saboda kodayake dromedaries ba su da kyau kuma suna da tauri, ba sa jure yanayin sanyi da kyau.
Raƙuma abin mamaki ne da nutsuwa, wayayye, soyayya da fahimtar mutum. Koyaya, suna kuma nuna halaye marasa kyau. Misali, waɗannan dabbobin suna da taurin kai.
Kowane ɗayan halitta yana da halaye da halaye na kansa, wanda ba koyaushe yake da sauƙi a saba da shi ba. Hakanan suna da wata al'ada mai banƙyama ta tofa albarkacin baki, wanda yawanci hakan ke faruwa a gidajen zoo, inda suka sha yin irin waɗannan mugayen dabarun a kan baƙi.
Humaya daga cikin abinci mai gina jiki rakumi
Cutar waɗannan halittu, kamar ta masu haihuwa. ya ƙunshi ɗakuna da yawa, wanda ya dace da narkar da abinci tare da abubuwan da suke so, saboda rakumi daya mai danshi kayan lambu. Kuma abincinsa ya hada da dukkanin tsire-tsire masu samuwa.
Waɗannan su ne dabbobi waɗanda za su iya gamsuwa da mafi tsananin abinci da ƙarami: rassa na bishiyoyin ƙaya, tsire-tsire, waɗanda ke ɗauke da gishiri mai yawa, waɗanda ba zai yiwu ba ga sauran ciyawar su ci.
Don ɗan lokaci zai iya zama ba tare da abinci ba kwata-kwata, yana kasancewa ne ta hanyar wadatar tarin kitsen mai. Wadanda suke cikin Saharar suna zaune ne a cikin Sahara suna iya gudanar da rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun kuma suna aiki sosai a lokacin hunturu, ba tare da sake cika danshi da ke cikin jiki kwata-kwata ba, kuma gabobin jikinsu suna dacewa don kiyaye shi a cikin jiki kuma suna fitar da amountan kaɗan. Amma idan rakumi ya sami ruwa ya fara sha, zai iya karbar bokiti goma na ruwa a cikin ‘yan mintuna.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Tsinkayen yara masu zuwa nan gaba a cikin dromedaries na iya faruwa a kowane lokaci. Koyaya, kai tsaye ya dogara da yawan abincin da ake ci, don haka yanayi ya hukunta cewa galibi wannan yakan faru, a cikin damuna mai dausayi don yankunan hamada, lokacin da duk rayayyun halittu suke da damar hutawa daga zafin rana mai zafi kuma basu san rashin tushen abinci ba.
Rakumi daya mai danshi balaga don samun zuriya har zuwa shekaru 6. Rakumai suna shiga cikin zafi sau da yawa a shekara, wanda hakan ke kara samun damar daukar ciki da haihuwa, a matsayin ka’ida, rakumi daya rak.
Anshin ƙanshin mace, abokan da zasu aura sun tashi. Wannan sananne ne koda daga alamun waje. Dromedary a cikin rut ɗin ya zama mai tsananin tashin hankali, kuma abin da yake jikin jaka a falonsa ya zama ja yayi kama da babban ƙwallo.
Wadannan dabbobin suna haduwa ta wata hanya wacce ba ta sabawa ba, suna kwance a gefensu ko zaune, wanda sam sam ba haka yake ba ga irin wadannan wakilan dabbobi. Haihuwar bayan haihuwar mahaifiya na kimanin shekara guda, jaririn raƙumi yana da raƙumi mai laushi mai laushi da taushi.
Kusan nan da nan ya fara motsawa, kuma bayan fewan awanni tuni ya fara guduna, amma tsawon shekara ɗaya yana da damar jin daɗin madarar uwa mai daɗi. Rayuwar raƙumi mai haɗuwa ɗaya yana da kimanin shekaru 45.
