Salangan - jinsin tsuntsaye na dangin swifts. Sunan waɗannan tsuntsayen zai zama sananne ga matan gida masu kyau, kuma wannan ba daidaituwa bane. Salangani, ko "sheƙan sheƙan", sanannen abinci ne mai daɗin abinci na Italiyanci, wanda ya sami karɓuwa daga uwargidan Rasha, saboda sauƙin shirye-shiryen da dandano na musamman. Salangani girke-girke babban iri-iri, amma babban sinadaran shine taliya mai fasalin gida.
Kunnawa hoto swiftlet Ga alama abin sha'awa ne, kodayake mutane ƙalilan ne suka san cewa gandun daji masu saurin gwatuwa, kayan marmari da aka fi so a China da Kudu maso gabashin Asiya, sun kasance samfurin samfurin tasa. Gaskiya miya gidajen swiftlet ba shi da kyan gani kuma yana kama da tanda mai kamar jelly mai ɗanɗano.
Fasali da mazaunin tsuntsayen swiftlet
Tsuntsayen Swiftlet karamin sauri ne (10-14 cm). Nauyin, kamar yawancin swifts, shima ƙananan ne - har zuwa 20 g (wannan kwatankwacin cokali 1 na sukari). Amma fikafikan swiftlet ya kai 30 cm.
Launinsa yafi kyau - baki da kafafu baki ne; kai, fuka-fuki da jiki an lullube da fuka-fuka masu duhu-launin ruwan kasa masu launin ƙarfe. Koyaya, tsuntsun ya sami shahararta kwata-kwata saboda kyawawan lamuranta.
Swallows suna shahara a cikin ƙasashen Asiya don nests ɗin su, waɗanda ake ɗauka a matsayin abinci mai daɗi. Akwai labari game da yadda mutane suka fara amfani da gidajen swifts don abinci.
A cikin hoton, wani ɗan tsuntsu mai sauri a cikin gida
A yayin mamayewar sojojin Genghis Khan zuwa yankin kasar Sin, sarkin Daular Celestial ya sha kaye da yawa daga makiyaya kuma aka kora shi zuwa wani dutse mai duwatsu, daga inda ya yi tsalle ya fada cikin teku ya fado kan duwatsu. Ragowar rundunarsa da ta gaji ba su da wani zabi face su ciyar da gidajen tsuntsayen, wadanda ke cike da duwatsu na bakin teku.
Baya ga China da kudu maso gabashin Asiya, ana iya samun swiftlet a tsibirin Pacific da tekun Indiya, da kuma a Ostiraliya. A karshen karnin da ya gabata, jama'a tsuntsu swiftle sun kasance a cikin Indonesia, amma saboda gobara ta yau da kullun, dole ne su yi ƙaura zuwa ƙasar Malesiya mai nutsuwa ta wannan fuskar.
Wannan nau'in swifts, lambobi ne bisa ga nau'uka daban-daban daga nau'ikan 20 zuwa 35, suna son yin gida a kan duwatsu masu duwatsu, a cikin kogon dutse, a cikin ramuka na itace. Wasu nau'ikan, kamar su swiftlet mai ruwan toka, suna da ikon yin kuwwa, wanda hakan ke basu damar jin dadi a cikin kogo idan babu haske, kamar jemage.
Mafarautan gida sun gano yankunan waɗannan tsuntsayen masu ban mamaki 'yan kilomita kaɗan daga ƙofar kogon. Hakanan akwai sanannun matsugunan biranen salangan, waɗanda aka jawo hankalinsu ta hanyar gine-ginen da ba mazauna ba, saboda tattara dukkanin nest iri ɗaya. Rikodi na swiftlets yana jan hankalin tsuntsaye, kuma sun cika ɗakunan da aka watsar a cikin birni.
A cikin hoton gida na swiftlets, waɗanda aka ci
Wannan hanyar samun albarkatun kasa don akushin abinci ya fi aminci fiye da tarawa a cikin mazauninsu, wanda ya haɗa da hawa dutse da kogo.
Yanayi da salon rayuwa
Swiftlets suna rayuwa a cikin manyan yankuna kuma suna zaman kashe wando, banda jinsin ƙaura biyu ne da aka saba da su a cikin China. Yawancin rayuwarsu, kamar yawancin swifts, swifts suna ciyarwa a cikin iska - a cikin gudu suna kama kwari, suna sha har ma da abokin aure.
Gina Jiki
Abincin swiftlet ya kunshi nau'ikan kwari kamar su butterflies, wasps, beetles, da kuma sauro. Kamar haɗiye, haɗiye sau da yawa suna tashi sama ƙasa da ƙasa, suna kama ganima a cikin jirgin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Salangana tsuntsu ne mai son auren mace daya, saboda haka ma'auratan da aka kirkira sau daya basa rabuwa a tsawon rayuwarsu, wanda kusan swifts yakai shekaru 7-10. Wasu 'yan swiftlets suna kyankyasarda kajin su sau 4 a shekara, kuma duk lokacin da suka gina sabon gida don wannan dalilin.
Kayan gini don gidajen swiftlet wani ruwa ne mai kauri wanda yake ɓoye ta gland din salivary gland. Yayin gina gidajan, gland din sun kumbura kuma suna wakiltar manyan nodules 2. Lokacin da aka gama ginin gida kuma aka kafa ƙwai, sai ƙyamar ta rage zuwa girmanta.
A hoto swiftlet qwai a cikin gida
Gina gidan bakin yau abu ne mai tsawo. Ma'auratan da farko sun zaɓi wuri mai dacewa a kan dutse ko ƙarƙashin rufin kogo. Sannan tsuntsayen suna manne miyau a saman dutse tare da saman harshensu, wanda ke taurin wuya tsawon lokaci.
A cikin gudu daya, swiftlet na iya tashi zuwa gida tare da wani yanki na yau har sau 20, sannan na wani lokaci yana jiran ruwan ya sake taruwa, amma ba ya tashi daga gidan da fiye da metersan mituna.
Za a kammala ginin cikin kwanaki 40 kuma sakamakon zai zama fari, mai kama da calyx, a ƙasan wanda mace za ta sa ƙwayayen farin ƙwai 1-2 masu ƙyalli. Siffar ƙwai ya yi tsawo, ya nuna, kimanin tsawon 2 cm, kuma 1.5 cm a diamita a wuri mafi faɗi. Swallowtail ƙwai suna haifar da mata da maza, wanda ke maye gurbin juna kowane awanni 6.
Lokacin shiryawa kadan ne bai fi wata ba, bayan wasu watanni 2 kajin zasu koya tashi sama kuma su sami 'yencin kan su gaba daya. Gidajen da suka biyo baya sun banbanta da na farko a launi - na biyu ya zama ruwan hoda mai haske, na uku da na huɗu jajaja-ja-kaza ne. Gidajen farko suna da daraja sama da sauran akan kasuwa.
Gaggawan hanzari masu sauri, dangane da jinsin, ana iya yin sa da ƙarin tsiren ruwan teku, gutsuttsen baƙi da fuka-fukai. Swiftlet mai ruwan toka yana amfani da nasa yau ne kawai, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake daraja nest ɗin sa a girki. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a lokacin mulkin Mao Zedong, an sanya miya daga cikin gida na launin toka swiftlet a cikin "wuce gona da iri na bourgeoisie."
Ba gourmets kawai suka sha wahala daga wannan ba, har ma da tsuntsaye, waɗanda kusan an gama da yawan su a China. A wannan zamanin namu, a kudancin kasar Sin, swiftlet yana da rabi kamar yadda yake kafin a fara hallaka su. Sha'awar kasuwanci a swiftlets babu makawa zai haifar da bacewar wadannan tsuntsayen a gaba.
Ana hakar gida ta hanyar dabbanci, inda miliyoyin kaji da kwai suka lalace. Masana kimiyya sun riga sun faɗakar da ƙararrawa kuma sun dage da yanke jujjuya da aƙalla rabin, in ba haka ba, a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, za a iya karantawa ne kawai game da miyar da aka yi daga wasu gurbi a cikin littafi, tunda abincin da kansa zai ɓace tare da masana'antunta - swift swifts.
