Mafi kwaro mai ban sha'awa wanda ba zai iya tashi bisa ka'idojin kimiyyar lissafi ba, amma, duk da haka, yana yi - kwaron karkanda. Ya daɗe yana abin zane da ƙirƙirar littattafai. Mai zane Georg Gofnagel ya nuna shi kuma ya kasance gwarzo na littafin Konstantin Paustovsky "Kasadar Kwarin Karkanda na Rhino".
Fasali da mazaunin karkanda irin na karkanda
Rhinoceros irin ƙwaro - wani kwari da ba a saba gani ba, wanda aka kiyaye shi a Yammacin Turai kuma aka jera shi cikin littattafan ja da yawa na Tarayyar Rasha. Yana da kirjin kirji ko ja mai ɗanɗano, jikinsa ya kai kusan 46 mm.
Wannan nau'in yana da alamun babban ƙaho a kai - a cikin maza, da ƙarami, mai kumbura - a cikin mata. Suna da elytra mai haske da kai. Suna da karamin kai, clypeus, an matse shi a gaba, mai kusurwa uku, tare da madaidaiciyar gefuna.
Aikin jikin yana karkashin ikon tsarin juyayi, wanda ya kunshi abubuwa kamar kwakwalwa da igiyar jijiya. Etwaƙwarar ƙwaro suna ba da iskar oxygen, wanda ke shiga cikin ɓawon mahaifa, wurin da yake kirji da ciki. Ta hanyar spiracles, oxygen ya isa trachea, wanda, bi da bi, ya lullube yawancin sassan kwaron.
Hoto ne irin na karkanda irin ta mata
Wannan ƙwaro yana da daidaituwa a cikin yanayi tare da taimakon tsarin ƙwaya mai kyau. Ahon kuma yana taimakawa wajen aiwatar da wannan aikin, kodayake ba zai yuwu a tsayar da manufar sa daidai ba. Kwaron yana da hadaddun gabobi na hangen nesa, wanda ya kunshi kanana idanu kuma yana gefen gefen kai.
Platesananan faranti masu ƙarancin ciki suna ɗauke da gashin da aka miƙa zuwa ƙasa, wanda ƙarfin electrostatic ke taruwa akan su, wanda idan ya bugi mutum, zaka iya jin fitowar wutar lantarki.
Abin sha'awa, beran daji irin na karkanda yana iya matsar da lodi wanda ya ninka kansa sau dubu. A cikin 2009, masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar California sun sami damar dasa guntu wanda ke watsa siginar rediyo a cikin irin wannan ƙwaro.
Tare da taimakon irin waɗannan kayan aikin, ya yiwu a iya sarrafa motsi da kwari kwari kwata-kwata. Ana samun waɗannan ƙwayoyin a lokacin bazara, maraice masu dumi, kuma suna iya tashi zuwa samfuran haske daban-daban.
Ba shi yiwuwa a yi daidai bayanin karkanda irin na karkanda, saboda wannan nau'in yana ba da mamaki game da bambancinsa - ƙwaro ya bambanta da launi, girma, wasu sifofin tsarin, dangane da mazaunin.
Wannan nau'in ya yadu a Turai, sassan Asiya, da kuma arewacin Afirka. Da farko, waɗannan ƙwaro sun rayu a cikin dazuzzuka daban-daban tare da bishiyoyi masu faɗi, amma godiya ga mutane, sun sami damar shiga cikin matattakalar. A cikin yankin Asiya ta Tsakiya da Kazakhstan, waɗannan ƙwaroran suna rayuwa a cikin rabin hamada.
Sayi irin ƙwaro na karkanda yana yiwuwa daga masu sayarwa masu zaman kansu da kuma a shagunan dabbobi, amma yana da kyau a tuna cewa yana cikin littattafan ja na wasu jihohi. Ana kuma sayar da busassun ƙwaro. Shuka ƙwaro mai karkanda iya kuma a gida, wato a cikin terrarium.
Don ci gaban larvae, ana buƙatar ƙasa ta musamman tare da ƙari na itace na itace, don haka suna da damar da za su binne a can kuma su yi ƙwai. Hakanan, lardin karkanda na karkanda za su ci gajiyar tsohuwar cellulose da aka gauraya da peat, wanda, aka cakuda shi da ƙasa, ana sanya shi a cikin terrarium, bayan haka kuma ita kanta tsutsar tana kanta.
A cikin hoton akwai larvae irin na karkanda
Idan kun yi sa'a kun same shi a ruɓaɓɓen kututture, ya kamata ku yanke wani yanki daga ciki tare da tsutsa ku sa shi a cikin terrarium, bayan haka kuna buƙatar jira ga ƙwarƙiri mai girma, yayin da ba sauran matakai don tabbatar da cewa kuna buƙatar yin hakan.
Rhino irin ƙwaro - wani aikin necrotic, game da tsara zuriya, ya dace a samar masa da terrarium tare da ƙura. Kwarin baya bukatar abinci mai gina jiki.
Yanayi da salon rayuwa irin na karkanda
Da rana, waɗannan ƙwaro ba sa nuna wani aiki, sun fi son ɓoyewa a cikin ƙasa ko cikin bishiyoyi, waɗanda ke wucewa tare da isowar dare. Waɗannan ƙwaro, a cikin haɗari ko halin rashin fahimta a gare su, suna ƙoƙarin binne kansu a cikin ƙasa da wuri-wuri.
Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, waɗannan kwari masu ban mamaki suna iya kwatanta mutuwa ta faɗuwa da haɗuwa da ciyawa da rassa, suna murɗa eriya. Hakanan, waɗannan kwari masu ban mamaki suna iya tashi sama da kilomita 50 ba tare da tsayawa ba.
Jirgin karkanda na karkanda yana ɗaukar tsawon watanni biyar, bayan ya bayyana a ƙarshen Maris ko Afrilu, suna ɓoye a farkon watan Agusta. Bayan sun zauna a cikin greenhouses, waɗannan ƙwaro suna iya cutar da shuke-shuke.
Abincin Rhino irin ƙwaro
Ba wanda zai iya zuwa ga amsar tambayar abin da suke ci ƙwaro mai karkanda... Rashin samun muƙamuƙin da ya dace da cin babban abinci, wannan kwari, mai yiwuwa, yana ciyar da itacen itace ko kowane irin abinci mai laushi.
Kodayake kokarin fahimta Me naman gorina ke ci, masana kimiyya sun cimma matsaya cewa mai yiwuwa wadannan kwari basa cin abinci kwata-kwata, amma suna rayuwa ne akan abubuwan da aka debo a lokacin marhalar. Hakanan, tsarin narkewar abinci na wadannan ƙwarin beroshi yana da damuwa, wanda kuma wata hujja ce ta nuna cewa basu ci komai ba.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na karkanda
An raba rayuwar ƙwaro na karkanda zuwa matakai masu zuwa:
1. Matar karkanda mace yana sanya ƙwai a ruɓaɓɓen kututture, bishiyoyi daban-daban, tsohuwar taki da sauran wurare makamantansu. Abin sha'awa, ba a same su a cikin citrus da allurar pine. Matakin kwai yana daukar kimanin wata daya.
2. Kwai ya zama tsutsa ya fi dacewa a lokacin rani. Rhinoceros irin ƙwaro yana da al'ada, halayya, don wannan iyali, bayyanar. Abincinta yana lalata bishiyoyi da abinci iri-iri.
Har ila yau, tsutsa suna cinye tushen tsarin tsirrai, shi yasa a wasu wuraren ana daukar su a matsayin kwari. Wannan matakin na iya wucewa daga shekaru 2 zuwa 8, ya danganta da yankin zama.
3. Pupation. Abubuwan da aka zana na pupa suna kama da na babban ƙwaro. Nan da nan bayan pupation, yana da launin rawaya mai haske, duk da haka, bayan weeksan makonni ya sami launin ruwan kasa.
Wani babban kwari yana rayuwa na tsawon makonni don barin zuriya, bayan haka ya mutu. Hakanan, waɗannan ƙwaro suna da makiya da yawa a cikin yanayi.
Ya kamata su yi hankali da tsuntsaye, kamar hankaka, magpies, da nau'ikan nau'ikan amphibians kuma dabbobi masu rarrafe na iya farautar su. Kuma larvae na irin wannan kwari kamar scolia suna iya parasitizing a kan beran karkanda.
