Fasali da mazaunin manatee
Manatees - shanu na teku, wanda yawanci ana kiransa don rayuwar jin daɗi, girma mai girma da fifiko na kayan lambu. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna cikin tsarin sirens, sun fi son zama a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, suna cin algae iri-iri. Baya ga shanu, galibi ana kwatanta su da gwatso, ko da yake maniyata suna da kwanya da wutsiya daban, sun fi kama da filafili fiye da cokali mai yatsu kamar dugong.
Wata dabba da za'a iya alakanta da ita ita ce giwa, amma wannan haɗin bai dace da girman duka waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, har ma da abubuwan ilimin lissafi.
A cikin manate, kamar na giwaye, molar yana canzawa a rayuwarsu. Sabbin hakora suna kara girma a jere kuma lokaci yayi ya kori tsoffin. Hakanan, fikafikan hatimin giwar yana da kofato wanda ya yi kama da kusoshin 'yan'uwan ƙasa.
Manatee mai ƙoshin lafiya na iya ɗaukar nauyin kilogram 400 zuwa 550, tare da tsawon jiki kusan mita 3. Akwai lokuta masu ban mamaki lokacin da manatee ya kai nauyin kilogram 1700 tare da tsayin mita 3.5.
Galibi, mata banda ne, domin sun fi maza girma da nauyi. Lokacin da aka haife shi, jaririn dabba na da nauyin kilogram 30. Kuna iya saduwa da wannan dabbar da ba a saba da ita ba a gabar ruwan Amurka, a cikin Tekun Caribbean.
Yana da al'ada don rarrabe manyan nau'ikan manatees guda uku: Afirka, Amazonian da Ba'amurke. Ruwan teku na Afirka shanu — manatees samu a cikin ruwan Afirka, Amazonian - Kudancin Amurka, Ba'amurke - a Yammacin Indiya. Dabba mai shayarwa tana cikin ruwa mai kyau da ruwa mai dadi.
A baya, akwai farautar aiki don buhunan giwaye saboda yawan nama da kitse, amma yanzu an hana farauta ƙwarai. Duk da wannan, ana ɗaukar manateeran Ba'amurke a matsayin haɗari mai haɗari, saboda tasirin mutane akan mazaunanta na asali ya rage yawan mutane ƙwarai da gaske.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, 'yan adam ba su da abokan gaba na halitta tsakanin sauran mazauna ruwayen, maƙiyinsu kawai mutum ne. Hannun giwaye ya lalace ta hanyar kayan aikin kamun kifi, wanda manateefin ya haɗiye da algae.
Sau ɗaya a cikin hanyar narkewa, layin kamun kifi da magance bala'in kashe dabbar daga ciki. Hakanan, masu tayar da kwale-kwale suna da babban haɗari, aikin injiniya wanda dabbar ba ta ji da shi ba, tunda yana iya tsinkayen mitoci kawai. Akwai ra'ayin cewa kafin jinsin ya kunshi nau'ikan halittu kusan 20, amma, mutumin zamani ya shaida rayuwar 3 daga cikinsu.
A lokaci guda, saniyar Steller ta ɓace saboda tasirin ɗan adam a cikin ƙarni na 18, dabbar Ba'amurke tana cikin barazanar hallaka gaba ɗaya, kamar dugong, wanda, da rashin alheri, na iya karɓar matsayi iri ɗaya a nan gaba.
Bugu da kari, tasirin dan Adam kan rayuwar wadannan dabbobi ya matukar canza tsarin tafiyar shekara-shekara a wasu yankuna. Misali, saba da ruwan dumi koyaushe kusa da shuke-shuke, teku manatees daina ƙaura don tsira a lokacin sanyi.
Zai zama alama cewa wannan ba babbar matsala bace, tunda aikin tashoshi manatees ba sa tsoma baki ta kowace hanya, kodayake, kwanan nan an rufe cibiyoyin wutar lantarki da yawa, kuma hanyoyin ƙaura na yanayin hauren giwayen sun manta. Hukumar kula da namun daji ta Amurka tana magance wannan matsalar ta hanyar binciko hanyoyin dumama ruwa musamman na manate.
Akwai tatsuniya cewa da farko gani wani manatee na rera waka, ma'ana, bayar da sautunan jinkiri na halayensa, matafiya na teku sun dauke shi don kyakkyawar amarya.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar man
Zai zama alama, kuna hukunta ta hotuna, manatee - babbar dabbar teku mai ban tsoro, amma, waɗannan manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa ba su da wata illa. Akasin haka, manatees suna da kyakkyawar sha'awa, tawali'u da aminci hali. Hakanan suna iya sauƙaƙewa zuwa kamammu kuma ana sauƙaƙa musu rauni.
Don neman abinci, wanda buhunan giwa ke buƙata kowace rana, dabbar na iya shawo kan manyan nisan tafiya, yana motsawa daga ruwan gishirin teku, zuwa bakin kogi da baya. Maigidan yana jin daɗi kamar yadda zai yiwu a zurfin mita 1-5; a matsayinka na doka, dabba ba ta yin zurfin ciki, sai dai idan mawuyacin yanayi ya buƙace ta.
Kalar manya manatee a hoto ya bambanta da launin jarirai, waɗanda aka haife su da duhu fiye da iyayensu, launin toka-shuɗi. Dogon jikin mai shayarwa yana cike da gashin gashi masu kyau, a saman rufin fata ana sabunta shi a hankali koyaushe don kauce wa tarin algae.
Manat din yana amfani da manyan yatsu, yana aika algae da sauran abinci tare da taimakon su cikin bakin sa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, manatees suna rayuwa su kadai, kawai wani lokacin suna kafa ƙungiyoyi. Hakan na faruwa yayin wasannin saduwa, lokacin da maza da yawa zasu iya kula da mace ɗaya. Hannun giwayen salama ba yaƙin don yanki da matsayin zamantakewar jama'a.
Abincin Manatee
Manatee na shan kusan kilo 30 na algae a kullun don kiyaye girman nauyinta. Sau da yawa dole ne ku nemi abinci, yin iyo mai nisa har ma da shiga cikin ruwan sabo na koguna. Kowane irin nau'in algae yana da sha'awa ga manatee; lokaci-lokaci, ana narkar da abincin mai cin ganyayyaki tare da ƙananan kifi da nau'ikan invertebrates.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Maza maza na Manatee suna shirye don saduwa ta farko ne kawai lokacin da suka kai shekaru 10, mata na saurin girma - suna iya haifar da ɗa daga shekaru 4-5. Maza da yawa na iya kulawa da mace ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya har sai ta ba da fifiko ga ɗayansu. Kwanakin ciki sun bambanta daga watanni 12 zuwa 14.
Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, jaririn dabba zai iya kaiwa mita 1 tsayi kuma yayi nauyi zuwa kilogram 30. Tsawon watanni 18 - 20, uwar tana shayar da maraƙi a hankali da madara, duk da cewa jaririn na iya nemowa da shayar da kansa daga makonni 3 da haihuwa.
Masana kimiyya da yawa suna bayanin wannan halayyar da cewa alaƙar da ke tsakanin uwa da ɗiya a cikin manatees abin mamaki ne da ƙarfi ga wakilan duniyar dabbobi kuma zai iya ɗaukar shekaru da yawa, har ma da rayuwa. Babban mutum mai lafiya na iya rayuwa shekara 55-60.
