Red Data Littafin dabbobi: Amur damisa
Amur damisa - wakilin mafi ƙarancin duniyar dabbobi. Can baya a tsakiyar karni na 19, yawan su yana da yawa, amma a karshen wannan karnin, ana kashe mutane kusan 100 kowace shekara.
Godiya ga wannan, tuni cikin kusan shekaru 30 na ƙarni na 20, dutsen Amur yana gab da ƙarewa daga doron ƙasa. A wancan lokacin, ƙasa da damisa 50 sun kasance a kan yankin USSR.
Akwai dalilai da yawa da suka haifar da wannan lamarin:
- Lalacewar gandun daji da bishiyoyi inda Amur damisa ke rayuwa;
- Rage yawan manyan kayan abinci;
- Kashe mutane kai tsaye ta mafarauta.
Daya daga cikin manyan dabbobin duniya - Amur damisa Littafin Ja yana kare mutane da wannan nau'in tsawon shekaru. Koyaya, a cikin watan Afrilu na 2007, a cewar masana daga Asusun Kula da Dabbobin Duniya, yawan damisar Amur ya kai adadin daidai da na shekaru ɗari da suka gabata. Dangane da wannan, a halin yanzu damisa ba ta gab da halaka.
A cikin 2008 - 2009, wani hadadden balaguro ya gudana a cikin tsarin shirin Amur Tiger, sakamakon haka aka ƙaddara cewa za a iya ƙidaya wakilan 6 na wannan nau'in a yankin Ussuriysky Reserve. Hakanan ya zama cewa dabbar amur tiger yana amfani da wurin zama a yankin, wanda ya ninka yankin duka fiye da ninki biyu.
Kuma wannan yana nufin cewa damisa suna zuwa wajen yankin da aka kiyaye, inda zasu iya zama masu haɗari. La'akari da waɗannan bayanan, tambaya ta tashi game da ƙirƙirar yanki mai kariya a wajen yankin ajiyar kanta.
Bayanin damisar Amur
Amur tiger aji - mai shayarwa. Yana daya daga cikin manya-manyan dabbobin da suke lalata dabbobin duniya baki daya. Yawanta har ma ya wuce 300 kg. Kuma a cewar wasu kafofin, an gano mutanen da nauyinsu yakai kilogiram 390, amma a yau yana da wuya a haɗu da irin waɗannan manyan wakilan Amur damisa. Tsawon jikin yana kan matsakaita 1.6 - 2.9 m, kuma tsawon jelar ya kai 1.1 m.
Wadannan dabbobin suna ado ne na taiga Gabas ta Tsakiya, da kuma abubuwan bauta na mutane da yawa. An nuna damisar Amur a kan tuta da rigar makamai na Yankin Primorsky da kan wasu alamomi daban-daban na birane da gundumomi da yawa na wannan yankin.
Dabbar tana da halaye na zahiri masu girma: tana iya ɗaukar babbar gawar da nauyinta yakai rabin tan. Gudun sa ya kai 80 km / h, na biyu ne kawai ga cheetahs a cikin wannan alamar.
Dambar Amur tana da kyakkyawa, mai kama da launin fata: a kan jan baya, akwai raƙuman duhu masu ratsawa a baya da gefuna. Akwai ra'ayi cewa ba shi yiwuwa a haɗu da aƙalla mutane biyu masu tsari iri ɗaya, domin dukkansu babu irinsu. Wannan launi, kodayake yana da haske, yana aiwatar da aikin sake kamanni.
Saboda girmansa, damisa ta rasa kuzari. Don kama abin farauta, dole ne ya shiga kusa da shi kusan yadda zai yiwu, wanda launi yake taimakawa, wanda ke haɗuwa da ciyawar bushe.
Yi kallo hoton damisar Amur, kuma zaka gani da kanka. A matsakaici, waɗannan damisa suna rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 15. Kodayake matsakaicin rayuwa shine rabin karni, damisa, a ƙa'ida, suna mutuwa kafin tsufa.
Masu farauta suna cin abincin dabbobi ne kawai, galibi akan manyan ganima. Suna ba da muhimmin ɓangare na lokacinsu don farauta, amma kashi ɗaya cikin goma na ƙoƙarin kama ganima cikin nasara.
Red barewa, barewar daji, da kuma barewar sikari sune babban abincin dabbobin. Domin cikakkiyar rayuwar kowane mutum a kowace shekara, suna buƙatar sama da unguwat 50.
Tare da rashin wannan mai nuna alamar, masu farauta suna iya farautar ƙananan dabbobi (badgers, karnuka, dabbobi, da dai sauransu) Damisa na iya cinye kilogiram 30 na nama sau ɗaya, kuma ƙa'idar yau da kullun ta kusan kilo 10.
Kamar yawancin felines, Amur damisa ya fi son salon keɓantaccen rayuwa. A duk tsawon rayuwarsa, mutum yana zaɓar wani yanki na yankin don kansa, wanda ya bar shi sai lokacin da ya zama dole don neman abinci. Damisa ta ba da alamun na musamman a kan yankin kansa:
- Fesa fitsari akan duwatsu ko bishiyoyi;
- Shara a filayen filaye;
- Da taimakon damuna, damisa ta fizge bawon daga bishiyoyi.
Yaro baligi ya kare shafin sa daga baƙi da ba zato ba tsammani, kuma zai iya sasanta abubuwa tare da wasu mutane ta hanyar ihu. Ba safai maza ke shiga yakin ba. Koyaya, gabaɗaya, waɗannan dabbobi marasa nutsuwa na iya yin shuru har tsawon shekaru.
Masu farautar dabbobi suna yin kiwo sau daya a duk shekaru 2. Maza maza dabbobi ne masu yawa da za su iya tara mata da yawa a yankinsu lokaci ɗaya. Kuma game da gasa tare da wasu mazan, har ma suna da ikon yin yaƙi da abokan hamayya.
Amur tiger mazaunin
Mashahurin batun karatu a zamaninmu - Amur damisa Rahotanni galibi ana amfani da shi azaman batun don bayyana mazaunin waɗannan dabbobi masu farauta.
Dabbobi suna zaune a kudu maso gabashin Rasha, bankunan Amur da Ussuri, a cikin Manchuria, a arewacin DPRK. Ana iya samun sa a cikin Primorsky Territory da kuma gabashin yankin Khabarovsk. Yankinsu daga arewa zuwa kudu kusan kilomita dubu ne, kuma daga yamma zuwa gabas - kusan kilomita 700. Tigers suna da yawa musamman a cikin Gundumar Lazovsky na Yankin Primorsky.
Damun Amur suna zaɓar kwarin kogin dutsen tare da yawancin nau'ikan bishiyar kamar itacen oak da itacen al'ul a matsayin wuraren zama. Duk wani baligi yana rayuwa da kansa a wani yanki na kashin kansa, wanda zai iya zama kusan kilomita murabba'in 450 na mata kuma ya kai murabba'in kilomita dubu 2 ga maza.
