Koi carps, ko brops carps, sune kifin kayan ado na gida waɗanda aka halatta daga ƙananan Amur (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) na irin kifin da aka saba (Cyprinus carpio). Brocade irin kifin da ya haɗu da zaɓaɓɓun zaɓi shida kuma an sanya shi zuwa wani rukuni. A yau, ana samun nau'ikan nau'ikan koi da yawa a cikin Japan, amma kawai siffofin launuka goma sha huɗu ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin mizani.
Bayani, bayyanar
Lokacin kimanta koi kifi, ana ba da hankali sosai ga babban kundin tsarin mulki na kifin, surar kai da fikafikai, da kuma yadda suke da dangantaka daidai gwargwado. An ba da fifiko ga mata masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Maza galibi galibi ana hana su ikon samun ƙarfin da ake buƙata. Girman da sifofin ƙirin ya zama daidai da jiki. Kan koi ba zai iya zama gajere ba, tsayi sosai, ko lankwasawa gefe ɗaya.
Yanayin fata da bayyana suna da mahimmanci yayin kimanta koi kifi. Kifin ya zama mai zurfi da haske a launi tare da kyakkyawan haɗin launi. Dole ne fatar ta sami haske mai kyau. An ba da fifiko ga samfurori tare da cikakkun bayanai da daidaitattun launuka masu launi. Kasancewar yankunan "masu nauyi" masu launi a gaba, a wutsiya ko a tsakiyar jiki ba karɓaɓɓe ba ne. A kan manya-manyan samfuran, zane ya zama ya isa girma.
Lokacin kimanta koi, ya kamata mutum yayi la'akari da takamaiman bukatun bayyanar ga kowane takamaiman jinsi, da kuma ikon irin kifi don kiyaye kansu da amincewa da ruwa da iyo da kyau.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Wuraren da ke cikin koi irin kifi yana wakiltar tafkunan. A lokaci guda, an ba da mahimmancin gaske ga ingancin ruwa a cikin irin waɗannan matattarar ruwa. Tabbas, irin waɗannan kifin, ba kamar kakanninsu ba, suna rayuwa a yau kawai cikin ɗakunan ruwa na wucin gadi masu kyau. Koi yana jin daɗi sosai a zurfin 50 cm, amma irin waɗannan kifaye masu haske da launuka ba sa sauka ƙasa da zurfin mita ɗaya da rabi.
Koi irin kifi
A yau, akwai kusan iri goma koi, waɗanda, don dacewar, sun kasu kashi goma sha shida. Wakilan waɗannan rukunin suna haɗuwa da halaye ɗaya:
- Kohaku wani farin kifi ne mai kama da kamala ja ko ruwan hoda mai kayataccen iyakoki. Akwai nau'ikan kohaku guda tara ta nau'in kwalliya;
- Taisho Sanshoku - fararen koi mai farin dusar ƙanƙara tare da launuka ja da baƙi a kan farin fari;
- Showa Sanshoku sanannen nau'in launuka ne masu baƙar fata wanda ya haɗa da fari da ja;
- Utsurimono iri-iri ne masu ban sha'awa iri-iri na baƙar fata koi tare da ɗakuna masu yawa masu launi;
- Bekko - koi kifi tare da jan jiki, lemu, fari ko asalin asalin jikin mutum, wanda yake akwai wuraren da duhu a ciki;
- Tancho jinsi ne mai jan launi a kai. Samfura tare da madaidaiciyar tabo suna da darajar gaske;
- Asagi - koi kilishi mai sikeli masu launin shuɗi da toka a baya da ciki mai ciki ja ko lemu;
- Shusui - wani irin gilashin gilashi tare da layuka biyu na manyan sikeli, waɗanda suke daga kai zuwa jela;
- Koromo - kifin da ya yi kama da kohaku a zahiri, amma ana nuna bambancin launin ja da baƙi-ja da duhu;
- Knginrin - carps, mabambanta launuka daban-daban tare da kasantuwar lu'lu'u da zinare, wanda hakan ya samo asali ne daga abubuwan da aka kera na sikeli;
- Kavarimono - wakilan irin kifi, wanda saboda dalilai da yawa ba za a iya danganta su da halayen halin yanzu ba;
- Wuta - koi carps mai yawan launuka iri-iri, amma akwai kifaye na ja, lemo da rawaya, da launin toka;
- Hikari-moyomono - kifi na ado, wanda ya bambanta da kasancewar ƙwan zuma da launuka iri-iri;
- Gosiki - nau'ikan baƙin kifi iri-iri, wanda ke da feshin launin rawaya, ja ko shuɗi mai launi;
- Kumonryu - "dragon kifi" na launi baƙar fata, wanda ke da halarar kasancewar farin tabo daban-daban;
- Doitsu-goi iri-iri ne wanda bashi da sikeli ko kuma yana da layuka da yawa na manyan sikeli.
Wakilan kowane nau'in suna da ban sha'awa sosai ba kawai a cikin tafkunan ruwa na wucin gadi ba, har ma a cikin maɓuɓɓugan zamani na birane tare da hasken ado.
Ba a san abin da ke dauke da hanta mai dogon hanta ba, amma wannan mutumin ya sami damar rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 226, kuma mafi girma shi ne samfurin, wanda ke da tsawon 153 cm kuma nauyinsa ya wuce kilogiram 45.
Tsayawa koi kifi
Duk da cewa magudanan ruwa masu tsabta sun fi dacewa da kiwo irin na kifi, yawancin masu ruwa a cikin gida da na kasashen waje sun sami nasarar kiyaye irin waɗannan kifaye masu kyau a gida.
Shirye-shiryen akwatin kifaye, ƙarar
Kops na Koi kifi ne wanda ba shi da kyau, kuma ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga tsabtace yanayin ruwa, wanda suke buƙatarsa sosai. Tsarin ruwa mai inganci yana da zaɓi, amma canje-canje na mako-mako yakamata yakai kimanin 30% na jimlar abubuwan tankin.
Don kiwo koi, ana ba da shawarar siyan aquariums tare da damar kusan lita 500 tare da ƙarfi da tsayayyar tacewa a cikin nau'i na matatun waje na waje. Rike ruwa mai ɗorewa tare da iska shine ainihin abin da ake buƙata don kiyaye duk tarkon a gida. Mafi kyawun pH shine 7.0-7.5 (ƙididdigar daidaitattun daidaito). Koi yana jin dadi lokacin da yawan zafin ruwan ya kasance tsakanin 15-30game daDAGA.
Hasken koi mai haske da wayoyin hannu yana da fa'ida musamman akan bangon duhu da ƙarancin ƙarfi, wanda dole ne a kula dashi yayin zaɓar akwatin kifaye don kiyaye irin waɗannan kifin.
Kayan ado, ciyayi
Canasa ta akwatin kifaye za a iya wakiltar ta matsakaici ko yashi mai kyau. Duk hanyoyin sadarwar da ke ƙasa ya kamata a daidaita su da amintaccen siliki kuma a rufe su da yashi. Yawan ciyayi da kayan ado masu haske zasu zama wadatattu yayin kiyaye koi. Zai yiwu a yi amfani da tukwane tare da lili na ruwa ko wasu tsire-tsire don ado, wanda za'a iya rataye shi a tsayin 10-15 cm daga ƙasa.
A cikin yanayin kiyaye akwatin kifaye, kifin kodin koi ba safai yake girma zuwa manya-manyan girma ba, saboda haka tsayinsu mafi yawa yawanci shine 25-35 cm kawai.
Hali, hali
Katunan Brocade sune kifin akwatin kifaye na lumana, kiyaye su azaman dabbobin gida ba su da wahala ko matsala. Masanan irin wannan baƙon abu a cikin yanayin mazaunan ruwa sau da yawa suna gaskanta cewa waɗannan kifaye masu ado suna da hankali, suna iya gane mai su kuma suna saurin amfani da muryarsa.
Idan ana ciyar da abinci koyaushe tare da sautuna masu taushi cikin sifar haske akan gilashin, to katunan koi zasu tuna da su kuma za su mai da martani sosai game da kusancin lokacin cin abinci.
Abinci, abinci
Kayan kwalliyar kayan kwalliya suna da komai, saboda haka abincin su na yau da kullun ya kamata ya haɗa da abincin shuka da na dabbobi. Abubuwan abinci na yau da kullun waɗanda ake amfani da su don ciyar da kifin kifi sun haɗa da ƙwarin jini, ƙananan tadpoles, ƙwarjin ƙasa, da ƙwai na kwado. Irin wannan abincin ne wanda ya ƙunshi adadin sunadarai masu mahimmanci don haɓaka da cikakken ci gaban kowane wakilin dangi.
Ya kamata a sani cewa haramun ne ciyar da kifin na ado a cikin manya-manyan abubuwa, saboda haka masana suna ba da shawarar a ba da abinci sau da yawa, amma a ƙananan (kusan sau uku ko sau huɗu a rana). Abincin da kifin kifin kifi bai ci shi ba da sauri ya narke a cikin ruwa kuma yana haifar da ci gaba da cututtukan da ke da wahalar magancewa cikin kifi. Kamar yadda aikin yake nunawa, abu ne mai yuwuwa kada ku ciyar da koi kifi na mako guda.
Ba yawan azumi ba yana da amfani mai amfani akan lafiyar dabbobin gida, kuma yawan abincin yau da kullun bazai wuce kashi 3% na nauyin kifin ba.
Karfinsu
Dangane da bangon launi mai kyau da haske, da yawa wasu akwatin kifaye da kifin kandami suna da sauƙi da rashin damuwa. Carps da aka dasa daga buɗaɗɗun tafkunan cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye da farko suna nuna bi da hankali da tsoro, amma soyayyen yana iya daidaitawa cikin sauƙi da sauri. Za'a iya inganta tsarin karbuwa ta hanyar dasa daci, plekostomus, kifayen kifi da kifi, mollies, kifi na zinare, minnows, platylias da rana zuwa ga kifi.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Ba shi yiwuwa a tantance jima'i na koi carps har sai sun kai ga balagar jima'i. Irin waɗannan kifayen suna fara ɓacewa, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, sun kai tsawon 23-25 cm.Mahimman alamun alamun bambancin jima'i a cikin manya sun haɗa da kasancewar kaifi da ƙura ido a cikin maza. Mata suna da jiki "mai nauyi", wanda sauƙin bayyanawa ta babban buƙata na tara abubuwan gina jiki da ake buƙata don aiki na yau da kullun oocytes.
Tare da farkon lokacin saduwa, tarin fuka ya bayyana akan murfin maza. Carps da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin kandami galibi yakan fara ɓacewa a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na bazara ko a farkon rabin bazara. Zafin jiki mafi kyau don haifuwa yana kusan 20game daC. Kwararrun masu kiwo suna kara mace daya zuwa maza biyu ko uku, wanda hakan zai baka damar samun zuriya mai inganci da kyakkyawan launi. Ana ƙara yawan abinci mai rai a cikin abincin koi a shirye-shiryen haɓaka.
Manya suna da halin cin ƙwai da soya, don haka dole ne a sanya su a cikin akwatin kifaye daban-daban nan da nan bayan sun yi spain. Bayan kamar mako guda, soya ya bayyana daga ƙwai, waɗanda aka haɗe su nan da nan tare da takamammen sanda mai mahimmanci a kan kai zuwa gefunan tafkin. Bayan wasu kwanaki, toya da aka girbe suna iya yin iyo ba tare da ɓoye a saman ba, lokaci-lokaci suna tashi a bayan wani yanki na iska.
Cutar cututtuka
Idan aka karya ka'idojin kiyayewa, rigakafin koi carps yana ragu sosai, wanda yakan haifar da bayyanar cututtuka:
- carp pox cuta ce da ke saurin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cutar Kwayar cutar cututtukan cututtuka: bayyanar kakin zuma a jiki da fika-fikai, wanda yawansu ke karuwa cikin sauri;
- spring viremia na cyprinids (SVC) cuta ce da ke haifar da hauhawar jini. Kwayar cututtuka: Jiki mai kumburi da mafitsara shiga ciki tare da kumburi da zubar jini.
Magungunan protozoal na koi gama irin kifi:
- gofherellosis;
- cryptobiosis;
- cutar kashi;
- chylodonellosis;
- ichthyophthyriosis.
Kwayar cututtukan kwayar cuta mafi yawan gaske sune pseudonos da aeromonos, da kuma carp epitheliocystosis. Irin wannan cututtukan suna tare da cututtukan jini, cututtukan miki, wahalar numfashi, da mutuwar kifin ba zato ba tsammani.
Binciken mai shi
Dangane da abin da masu koi suka gani, irin waɗannan wakilan asalin cyprinids, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin duk dokokin kiyayewa a cikin fursuna, suna da ikon rayuwa tsawon shekaru 20-35, kuma wasu mutane ma suna rayuwa na rabin karni, suna riƙe da ayyukansu na al'ada har zuwa kwanakin ƙarshe.
Maimakon ciki, kifi na ado suna da dogon hanji, waɗanda ba za a iya cike su ba a cikin ciyarwa ɗaya, don haka ana tilasta wa duk katifun daji neman abinci koyaushe. Koyaya, ba shi yiwuwa a rinjayi koi na gida. Yawan abinci mai yawa yana haifar da kiba kuma yana iya haifar da mummunan rauni ga dabbar dabbar ta.
Japan ta zama mahaifar koi kifi, amma irin waɗannan kyawawan kifaye masu kyan gani sun sami damar daidaitawa a cikin sararin samaniya na Rasha. Don samun nasarar hunturu na koi a cikin tafkin buɗewa, zurfin ya zama akalla atan mituna. Launin Koi ba shine kawai dalilin tantance farashin kifin ado ba. Siffar jiki, halaye masu kyau na fata da sikeli ba su da wata mahimmanci, don haka yau koi da yawa masu ruwa ruwa ba sa cin abinci.
