Yellowtail, ko Lacedra na Jafananci, rayuwa ce ta yanayin ruwa mai zafi wanda kuma sananne ne da Yellowtail Lacedra. Irin wannan kifin mai tamani shine wakilin gidan Carangidae, umarnin Scad da jinsi Serioli. Yellowtails suna cikin nau'ikan karatun kifi mai laushi, yaɗu sosai a yankin bakin teku, da kuma cikin ruwan buɗewa.
Bayanin launin rawaya
Mazaunan Japan suna matukar girmama mai farautar jirgin ruwan Seriola quinqueradiata, inda ake kiran irin wannan mazaunin ruwa ko hadari ko hamachi. Matsakaicin tsawon balagaggen mutum galibi galibi mita ɗaya da rabi ne tare da nauyin jiki na kilo 40. Ya kamata a tuna cewa masana ilimin zamani suna rarrabe tsakanin rawaya da lacedras.
A cewar masana kimiyya, lakedra da ruwan goran launuka biyu ne daban daban. Yellowtails suna da ƙima a cikin girma, don haka tsayinsu da wuya ya wuce alamar mita tare da nauyi har zuwa kilogram goma sha ɗaya. Kari akan haka, wutsiyoyi masu launin rawaya sun fi gaban goshi, kamar kifin kifi mai ruwan hoda, kuma bakin irin wannan kifin yana sannu a hankali yana juyawa zuwa ƙasa. A cikin lacedra, bakin yana tsakiyar, kuma layin goshi yana sannu sannu sanye da shi, saboda abubuwan da aka saba da shi.
Masanan Ichthyologists sun nace cewa lacedra tayi girma sosai fiye da yellowtail, kuma yafi dacewa a kira irin wannan kifin zinare, kuma ba gabaɗaya ba.
Bayyanar, girma
Wakilan 'yan wasan mackerel, dangin Stavridovye da jinsi na Seriola suna da tsattsauran jiki mai kama da torpedo, dan matse su daga bangarorin. An rufe saman jiki da ƙananan ma'auni. A layin gefe akwai ma'auni kusan ɗari biyu. A lokaci guda, babu garkuwa a gefen layin gefe. Characterizedungiyoyin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru suna da halarar kasancewar keɓaɓɓiyar keel ta fata. Shugaban kifin kifin kifin quinqueradiata yana da fasali mai kama da dan karamin taper.
Finarshen ƙarshen doron ƙasa na launin rawaya, ko lakedra na Jafananci, yana da gajere biyar ko shida masu gajeren gajere, waɗanda aka haɗa da ingantaccen membrane. Wani kashin baya yana a gaban farkon ƙwanƙolin farko, wanda aka sa gaba. Na biyu na ƙarshen kifin yana da haske mai sau 29 zuwa 36. Doguwar fatar finafinai tana kasancewa da kasancewar ƙwayoyi uku masu wuya da haske mai laushi 17-22. Har ila yau, ya kamata a sani cewa farkon hasken spiny a cikin manya na Seriola quinqueradiata ya cika da fata.
An rarrabe launin rawaya da launuka masu ban sha'awa: jiki yana da launi mai launin shuɗi-shuɗi tare da yanki mai duhu kaɗan na baya da ƙyallen rawaya, kuma ta idanun kifin, daga hanci zuwa farkon ƙwanƙolin ƙwallon ƙafa, akwai kunkuntar amma a bayyane raunin rawaya.
Salon rayuwa, hali
A tsarin rayuwarsu, lachedra yayi kama da kowane nau'in nau'in mullet a halin yanzu yake rayuwa. Tare da kowane kifi mai laushi, ruwan sanyi sune kyawawan masu iyo waɗanda zasu iya yin sauri cikin sauri a cikin matakan ruwa mai kyau. Saboda mafitsara ta ninkaya, jikin kifin mai sanyin jiki yana da halin tsaka tsaki ko tabbataccen buoyancy, kuma gabobin kansa yana yin aikin hydrostatic.
A lokacin hijirar arewacin ƙasar, balagaggun launukan rawaya galibi galibi suna haɗuwa da tekun sardines na lambobi daban-daban, da kuma anchovy da mackerel, waɗanda mai cin ruwa mai suna Seriola quinqueradiata ke farautar su sosai. A lokacin kaka, tare da farkon lokacin sanyi, duk manyan lakedra da yara masu tasowa suna yin ƙaura zuwa ruwan kudu, suna ƙaura zuwa wuraren hunturu shekara shekara.
Bambanci tsakanin lakedra da yawancin takwarorinsa na ruwa mai zafi shine, a lokacin rani da kaka, daga watan yuli zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba, ruwan rawaya suna ƙaura daga wuraren kudu na Tekun Japan zuwa sassan arewacin, zuwa Sakhalin da Primorye.
Har yaushe lacedra ke rayuwa
Matsakaicin tsawon rai na wakilan gidan Stavridovye (Carangidae), umarnin Stavridovye da jinsi Serioli bai yi tsayi ba. A matsakaici, irin waɗannan kifin masu farauta da thermophilic ba su fi shekaru goma sha biyu ba.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Wakilan jinsunan Seriola quinqueradiata galibi suna tsakiya da yammacin sassan Tekun Pacific. A geographically, lacedra kifi ne na Gabashin Asiya, kuma ana samun ruwan goge a ruwan Korea da Japan. A lokaci guda, a lokacin rani mai dumi, babban lakedra galibi yakan yi iyo daga ruwan Japan zuwa yankin Rasha, saboda haka ana samun su a cikin Yankin Primorsky, da kuma gefen tekun Sakhalin. Ana samun adadi mai yawa na kifin ruwan thermophilic a cikin ruwan gabar teku daga Taiwan zuwa kudancin Kuriles.
Abincin Yellowtail
Manyan samfuran Seriola quinqueradiata sune masu cin abincin ruwa na cikin ruwa wanda ke ciyar da farko akan kifi. Juananan yara masu launin rawaya suna ciyarwa kawai akan ƙananan kifi da plankton gama gari. Ana farautar kifin farauta ta hanyar kaskon ruwa, a inda garken wutsiya-wutsiyoyi kewaye da yuwuwar ganimar su kuma matse ta cikin wani irin zobe. A lokaci guda, yawancin abinci na membobin Carangidae sun haɗa da:
- sardinella;
- sardinops;
- kifin sardine;
- anchovies;
- toothy herring;
- kerkeci;
- dobara.
Girma a cikin bauta, abincin lakedra akan naman naman da aka shirya daga nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙananan ƙarancin kifi. Wasu lokuta don waɗannan dalilai ana iya amfani da abincin abinci na musamman, wanda aka yi akan naman kifi. Saboda irin wannan ɗan ƙaramin abincin ne naman kifin da aka noma ba shi da amfani kuma mai ɗanɗano, amma har ma mutane "greenhouse" suna da daraja sosai a kasuwannin cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje.
A cikin wuraren zama da wuraren farauta, zaku iya kallon anchovies, herring da sardines suna tsalle daga ruwa cikin firgici. A lokaci guda, ruwan kansa da alama yana tafasa, yayi kama da kamannin kaskon da ke dafa abinci.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Kimanin yana da shekara ɗaya da rabi, wakilan masu ruwa na ruwa na dangin Stavridaceae da jinsi na Seriola sun kai ga balagar jima'i kuma sun fara aiwatar da ƙwazo. Tsarin kiwo a cikin ruwan sanyi yana da karko sosai. Saukewa daga cikin mazaunan ruwa na Seriola quinqueradiata na iya haɓaka sosai tsawon lokaci, saboda haka yana ɗaukar watanni da yawa. Lacedra yana hayayyafa ne kawai a lokacin dumi, lokacin da tsarin yanayin zafin jiki na ruwa ya zama mai sauƙi kamar yadda ya kamata don cikakkiyar ƙwai.
Sabon soyayyen da aka haifa ya bunkasa a cikin rufin ruwa, wanda ya faru ne saboda nau'in ƙwai masu ƙoshin lafiya da matakin larva na wakilan jinsunan. Fryaramar ƙwarjin mai cin abincin ba wai kawai a kan plankton yake ba, har ma a kan soya na anchovy, mackerel doki da herring. A cikin bayyanar, soyayyen lacedra shine ainihin kwafin ƙananan kifin manya. Lokacin da aka goya su cikin bauta da kuma cikin mazauninsu, toya yayi girma da sauri sosai.
Tsarin kiɗan roba na Seriola quinqueradiata yana ba ku damar samun daidaikun mutane da nauyin sayar da su kusan shekara guda, kuma a cikin yanayin yanayi, ana ɗaukar kifin daji sama da shekaru biyu ganima. Wadannan mutane ne waɗanda galibi ake samun su a cikin hotuna da yawa. Kifin teku mai tsananin zafi ya daɗe yana bawa Jafanawa da kyawawan abubuwan sihiri. Mazaunan wannan ƙasa sun gamsu cewa ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ba, lacedra na iya kawo sa'a ga gidan.
A cikin kiwon wucin gadi, ana raba larvae da aka kama kuma a sanya su cikin nailan na shawagi ko keken nailan don hana cin naman mutane da rage haɗarin matsalolin ƙarancin oxygen.
Makiya na halitta
Wakilan makarantar rayuwar rayuwar ruwa mai kaunar Seriola quinqueradiata abu ne mai sauqi ga ganima ga manyan kifaye da yawa wadanda ke iya samar da isasshen gudu a yanayin ruwa. Koyaya, ana ɗaukar mutane a matsayin babban abokin gaba na lacedra. An kama kifin teku mai ƙima a cikin adadi mai yawa, wanda ya faru ne saboda shahararrun abubuwan ban sha'awa na mai daɗi da lafiya, nama mai daɗi.
Lokacin kamun kifi mai aiki don lalatra yellowtail a Koriya ta Kudu ya fara ne a farkon shekaru goma na Satumba kuma ya kasance har zuwa farkon watan hunturu na farko, sannan masunta su farautar irin wannan kifin daga ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa ƙarshen Mayu. Lakedra, yana rayuwa a zurfin mita 40-150, an kama shi da kyau tare da jig ko kuma tare da ƙyallen wuta ta amfani da hanyar simintin gyare-gyare. A lokaci guda, har ma masunta da ba su da ƙwarewa, tare da zaɓin madaidaicin wurin kamun kifi, suna iya kama manyan samfuran da nauyinsu ya kai nauyin kilogram 8-10.
A cikin fursunoni, yawancin mutane suna mutuwa daga cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda suke sananne ne ga kowane nau'in serioles. Kuma haɗari na musamman ga dabbobin yana wakiltar mummunan rauni na ƙwayoyin cuta kamar vibriosis, tare da alamun kwalara kamar na kwalara.
Darajar kasuwanci
Yellowtail na cikin nau'in kifin kasuwanci mai mahimmanci. A Japan, jinsin halittun ruwa masu zafi na thermophilic Seriola quinqueradiata sanannen abu ne kuma abin nema na kayan kifin, gami da tsirarru ta hanyar kere kere a ma'aunin masana'antu ta hanyar amfani da kejin ko kuma a wasu yankuna na musamman na ruwa. Duk wani kifin da aka kama a lokacin watanni mai sanyi yana da ƙoshin mai mai yawa. An rarrabe lakedra na daji ta nama mai yawa tare da haske, amma ƙanshi mai daɗi wanda ke da kyau tare da hanyoyin girke-girke iri-iri.
Naman lacedra mai laushi yana da launi mai launi ja, kuma ɗanɗano yana tuna da naman tuna. Fillet Seriola quinqueradiata tana da wadataccen yawan potassium, sodium da magnesium, iron da zinc, alli da phosphorus, da selenium da kuma hadadden bitamin. Yin jarabawar zafi, naman rawaya ya yi haske sosai, amma baya rasa kaddarorinsa masu amfani, kuma ana iya samun ɗanyen nama a cikin sushi da sashimi. Akwai girke-girke da yawa don dafa irin wannan kifin, amma yin burodi da soya ana ɗaukar su na gargajiya.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Yawancin kifayen da ke kaunar zafin rana da ake kira yellowtail a halin yanzu sun tattara kansu daga gabar Japan da Koriya. A cewar masana, duk da kamun da aka samu sosai, da kuma darajar kasuwanci sosai, a yau wakilan babban dangin Scarecrow (Carangidae), umarnin Scarecrow da jinsin Seriola ba su da wata barazanar bacewa gaba daya.
