Goblin shark, ko scapanorinh (Mitsukurina owstoni) shark ne mai zurfin teku, wanda aka fi sani da mitzecurina ko goblin shark. Wakilin jinsi Scapanorhynchus ko goblin sharks (Mitsukurina), a yau shine kawai memba da ya rage daga cikin dangin Scapanorhynchid shark (Mitsukurinidae).
Bayanin launin ruwan goro
Gasar ruwan goro mai laushi sunanta ne saboda kamanninta.... Mulos ɗin ya ƙare tare da fitowar mai tsayi mai tsini kamar baki, kuma ƙwararrun maƙogwaron na iya yin nasara zuwa nesa. Launin kuma abu ne mai ban mamaki, kusa da launin ruwan hoda, wanda ɗimbin jijiyoyin jini da yawa suka bayyana, waɗanda ke bayyane sosai ta hanyar fatar translucent.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Mafi girman sanannen samfurin goblin a yanzun nan yana da tsayin mita 3.8 kuma nauyinsa ya kai 210.
Bayyanar
Matsakaicin tsaran gidan babban mutum shark ya banbanta tsakanin m 2.4-3.7, kuma na mace - a matakin 3.1-3.5 m. Gidan kifin yana da jiki mai siffa mai juya-baya tare da zagaye fins. Fuskokin farji da na ƙugu sun sami ci gaba sosai kuma sun fi ƙarshen ƙwanƙolin baya. Hannun kafa na sama na ƙararrakin heterocercal yana da kyakkyawar ci gaba da bayyanar da wutsiyar kifin shark.
Fins din suna da launin shuɗi, ƙananan lobe kwata-kwata basa nan. 'Yan kifin tekun Fasifik, a cewar wasu masana kimiyya da ke nazarin irin wannan kifin mai farautar teku, yana da girma da girma.
Ieungiyar shark brownie tana da halin rashin fatar ido na uku, carinae a kaikaice a cikin yankin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, da kuma sananniyar sanarwa. Hakoran gaban irin waɗannan wakilai na jinsi Scapanorhynchus ko sharks ɗin gida suna da tsayi kuma sun fi kaifi, da gefuna masu santsi. Hakoran baya na kifin shark suna dacewa sosai don saurin murƙushe bawo da ƙyamar ganima. Wani lokaci, saboda yanayin da bai dace ba, ana kiran wannan babban mai cin ruwa na cikin ruwa shark.
A karkashin hancin mai farautar, kai tsaye a saman muƙamuƙin, akwai ƙananan hancin hanci, kazalika da ɗan haske mai haske daga launi mai haske. Ba shi da girma ainun, idanun scapanorhynchians ko sharks na gida suna iya haskakawa sosai cikin duhun ruwa tare da halayyar koren haske. Koyaya, irin wannan kayan da ba a saba gani ba da farko kallo ne wanda ya dace da yawancin mazaunan zurfin teku na zamani. Yankin ciki na goblin shark yana da launi mai launin ruwan hoda mai haske, kuma a bayan baya akwai tabarau masu rarrabe mai duhu mara kyau.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya kamata a lura cewa mutane masu rai kawai suna da launin ruwan hoda, kuma bayan mutuwa launin ruwan goro yana samun launin ruwan kasa da ya saba.
Hanta yana da girma ƙwarai, ya kai kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na jimlar nauyin jiki. Tare da wasu nau'ikan jinsunan kifin kifin kifin kifi, hanta ta ruwan goro mai karen ruwan goro na matsayin amintaccen madadin mafitsara mai iyo. Wani aiki mai matukar amfani na hanta shine adana duk abubuwan da ke tattare da shark.
Godiya ga wannan fasalin hanta, babban kifi yana da ikon yin ba tare da abinci ba na dogon lokaci. Akwai lokuta lokacin da wakilan jinsi Scapanorhynchus ko goblin sharks ba su ci abinci ba har tsawon makonni. Koyaya, babban haɓakar abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta na iya shafar tasirin buroyancy na shark.
Salon rayuwa, hali
A yau ba a karanci ingantacciyar hanyar rayuwar mashigin ruwan shark. A zamanin Soviet, ana ba wa masunta goblin sunan "goblin sharks" ko kuma karkanda na rhinoceros, tunda ma'anar sabuwar kalmar "goblin" ba a san ta ba kuma ba za ta iya fahimta ga mutanen Soviet ba. Kasancewa da isasshen bincike cikin sauri game da sifofin jikin wannan kifin, masana kimiyya sun cimma matsaya cewa lallai shark ne na gaske wanda ke jagorantar salon rayuwar teku. Shaidar wannan tsinkayen shine kwarangwal mai gwuiwa, da sifa da sifar jiki, waɗanda gabaɗaya banda mallakar gangaren.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin sifar burbushin halittu, ba a san wakilan jinsin Scapanorhynchus ko na sharks na gida ba, amma suna da kamanni na waje da siffofin rayuwa iri ɗaya tare da wasu nau'ikan tsohuwar kifin kifin.
Yawan dumamar ruwan tekun sannu a hankali ya haifar da canje-canje sananne a cikin tsarin dukkanin tsarin ruwa, gami da wakilan jinsunan mallakar tsarin Lam-da dangin Scapanorhynchidae. Abubuwan halayyar babban shark goblin shark sun canza sosai kuma kifin ya fara motsawa a hankali cikin yankin ruwa mara zurfi. Gabaɗaya an yarda da cewa babban mai farautar ruwa yana cikin rukunin dabbobin keɓaɓɓu, ba mai son yin garken tumaki ko ƙirƙirar cunkoson mutane ba, ba tare da la'akari da mazauninsu ba.
Har yaushe rayuwa scapanorinh ke rayuwa
Har zuwa yau, saboda ƙarancin ilimi, masana ilimin kimiyyar lissafi ba su iya tsayar da matsakaiciyar rayuwar scapanorhynchus ba.
Wurin zama, mazauni
A karo na farko, an kama kifin shark a cikin 1897... An kama wani babban mutum kusa da gabar Japan. Mazaunin da ke zaune a cikin ruwa ya fi son zurfin aƙalla mita 200-250, kuma ana iya samun sa da kyau a cikin ruwan teku mai dumi ko yanayi. Koyaya, gwargwadon zurfin kamawar da aka sani a halin yanzu kuma a hukumance bai wuce mita 1,300 ba.
An kama wani muhimmin ɓangare na kifin kifin a kusa da gabar tekun Japan, a yankin tsakanin Tsibirin Bosoruen da kuma babban Tosa Bay. Hakanan, wakilai da yawa na jinsi Scapanorhynchus ko kifayen kifin suna gama gari a bakin tekun Australia, kusa da New Zealand da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu, a Guiana ta Faransa da Bay na Biscay, kusa da gabar Portugal da Madeira, da kuma cikin Tekun Mexico.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin duka, har zuwa yau, kimiyya kawai ta san nau'ikan nau'ikan 45 na irin wannan babban kifin shark kamar scapanorinch, waɗanda aka kama ko aka wanke a bakin teku.
A halin yanzu, bisa hujjojin da ba su da yawa game da kama wasu samfuran shark goblin, da kuma wasu abubuwan da aka gano wadanda gawawwakin wannan dabo mai zurfin teku ke wakilta a gabar tekun, ana iya jayayya da babban yuwuwar cewa yanayin dukkan ruwan teku, sai dai, mai yiwuwa, ruwan Arewacin Tekun Arctic, wakilan jinsin Scapanorhynchus suna da kyau don zama.
Abinci na brownie shark
Babban teku shark yana farautar farautarsa ta hanyar faɗaɗa ingantattun muƙamuƙansa, tare da jan ruwa a bakinsa tare da abin farautar sa. Fitowa ta musamman a yankin hancin wannan mai cin ruwa na ruwa an rarrabe shi da kasancewar adadi mai yawa na kwayoyin electrosensitive wadanda ke taimaka wa kifin shark ya sami ganima cikin sauki koda cikin duhun teku.
Ba shi yiwuwa a yau a tsai da ainihin ƙayyadadden abincin da ake ci da brownie shark. Gaskiyar ita ce, ba a kiyaye abubuwan cikin ciki na samfurin da aka kama ba. Mafi sau da yawa, cikin ciki na cikin kifin shark ana wofintar da shi yayin aiwatar da tasirin saukar da matsa lamba lokacin da aka daga kifin daga zurfin mai girma. Sabili da haka, masana kimiyya sun iya fahimtar kansu kawai tare da isassun tsabtattun ganuwar tsarin narkewar abinci.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Jin ƙamshi yana daɗaɗuwa a cikin masifar goblin, kuma raunin gani ba ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin neman abin farauta.
Koyaya, bisa la'akari da tsarin tsarin kayan hakora na wakilan jinsin halittar Scapanorhynchus ko kifayen kifin, masanan kimiyya har yanzu sun sami damar cimma matsaya ta farko. Dangane da waɗannan zato, manyan masharhann ruwa masu zurfin zurfin ruwa na iya ciyar da abinci iri-iri masu yawa - daga zooplankton har zuwa ɗan kifi. Wataƙila, babban mai farautar ruwa ba ya guje wa cin kowane nau'in ƙwayayen ɓarna har ma da gawar, squid, dorinar ruwa da kifin kifi. Tare da haƙoran haƙoranta na gaba, mai farauta cikin dabara yana kama ganima, kuma da taimakon haƙoran baya suna cizon ta.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Har zuwa yanzu, ya zama abin asiri cewa kwata-kwata duk mutanen da aka kama ko aka wanke a bakin teku maza ne. A halin yanzu, kwata-kwata ba abin da aka sani game da keɓaɓɓiyar halittar halittu masu zurfin zurfin ruwa, waɗanda dukkan mambobi masu ban mamaki da ɓoye na aljannar Scapanorhynchus ko goblin sharks suka cancanta.
A cewar wasu masana kimiyya da ke zurfafa nazari kan kifin goblin, matan manya na wannan kifin mai zurfin gani da kyau ya kamata su fi girman manya girma, baligi maza masu girma. Mai yiwuwa, matsakaicin tsayin daka mata yakai mita biyar ko shida. A lokaci guda, matsakaicin girman da namiji zai yuwu bai wuce mita ɗaya da rabi ba. An ɗauka cewa babban teku mai zurfin teku na cikin babban nau'in kifin mai cin ganyayyaki.
Makiya na halitta
Wataƙila, wakilan jinsin Scapanorhynchus ko yan kifayen gidan ba su da wasu maƙiya maƙiya a cikin yanayin yanayi wanda zai iya shafar mummunan adadin irin wannan mai cutar ta ruwa. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, babu ma'anar tattauna darajar kasuwancin goblin shark.
Hakanan zai zama mai ban sha'awa:
- Bakin shark
- Whale shark
- Hammerhead shark
- Silk shark
Koyaya, haƙoran mazaunin teku mai ban mamaki wasu masu karɓar baƙi da na cikin gida suna da kima sosai, saboda haka, a halin yanzu ana siyar dasu kawai a farashi mai ƙayatarwa. Rashin isasshen ilimi da rashin iya tantance daidaiton adadin mutane na goblin shark da ke wanzu a yau, ya ba masana kimiyya damar yanke shawarar shigar da shi a cikin Littafin Redasa ta Duniya a matsayin nau'ikan jinsunan da ba su da ilimi sosai.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Ba a fahimci ilimin kimiyyar halittu da halayen halayyar kalar ruwan goro a halin yanzu ba. A saboda haka ne a halin yanzu ba a san yadda wannan nau'in yake da yawa ba, da matsayinsa da kuma kasancewarsa cikin barazanar ƙarewa.
Koyaya, Internationalungiyar forasashen Duniya don Kula da Yanayi ta gano manyan nau'ikan barazanar da yawa waɗanda, bisa ƙa'ida, za a iya fallasa sharks masu ruwan kasa. Mafi munin abubuwan da zasu iya shafar yawan wakilan jinsin halittar Scapanorhynchus ko kifayen kifayen sun hada da kamun kifi da gurbatar muhalli mai aiki, tare da kama mutane ta hanyar kama-kama.
