Karak, ko steppe lynx, dabba ce mai cin naman dabbobi. Yawancin fasalulluka na halittar gado sun ba da damar keɓance caracal a matsayin jinsin na daban, amma dangane da mahimman halaye masu ƙayatarwa, matakan lynx suna kusa da cougar da bautar Afirka.
Bayyanar, kwatancen karak
A waje, caraccal yayi kama da lynx, amma yana da karami na jiki, ana rarrabe shi da siririnsa da launinsa mai kaɗaici. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin baligi ya bambanta tsakanin 65-82 cm, kuma tsawon jelar yakai 25-30 cm tare da tsayin dabba a bushewa cm 44-46. Girman jikin caracal mai girma bai wuce kilogiram 13-22 ba. Alamar rarrabe ita ce kasancewar akan kunnuwan lush tassels har zuwa 50 mm tsawo... Bazataccen gashi mara kyau akan ƙafafuwan, wanda ke bawa dabba damar motsawa cikin sauƙi koda a saman yashi.
Yana da ban sha'awa!A cikin mazauninsu na asali, wasu lokuta ana samun mutane masu girman kai. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan fasikancin suna da alamun duhu mai yawa, ba tare da halaye ba ga wannan nau'in, kusan launin baƙar fata gabaɗaya.
An rufe jikin da gajeren gashi mai kauri. Launin launin rigar ya yi kama da na cougar Arewacin Amurka, kuma an wakilta shi da yashi mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin ja ko ƙasa mai fari da fari. An rarrabe ɓangaren gefen bakin bakin ta bayyanannun alamun bayyane a bayyane. Tassels a kan kunnuwa da ɓangaren waje na kunnuwa baƙi launi. Dangane da asalin dunes na dunes, lynxes na steppe kusan ba a iya gani. A lokacin bazara, dabbobin da ake farautarsu suna zub da jini, suna maye gurbin gashinta da wuta, amma irin wannan lokacin farin ciki da danshi.
Rayuwa a cikin daji
Caracals sun fi son zama a yankin savan, haka kuma a cikin yankuna masu taguwar jeji da cikin ƙauyuka.
Wuraren zama da labarin kasa
Ana samun adadi mai yawa na caracal a Afirka, a yankin Larabawa, a Asiya orarama da Tsakiya, da kuma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Numberananan lilin na steppe lynx suna zaune a kudancin Turkmenistan, bakin tekun Caspian da yankin Mangyshlak, da kuma gabashin Kyrgyzstan da yankin Bukhara a kan yankin Uzbekistan. A cikin ƙasarmu, ana samun mutane marasa aure a cikin tsaunuka da hamada a Dagestan.
Steppe lynx salon
Matakan lilin sun haɗu tare da sauran wakilai da yawa na dangin cat.... Caracals ba sa shiga cikin yankunan hamada sau da yawa, amma suna iya jure farin cikin sauƙin kuma ba tare da ruwa na dogon lokaci. Da rana, caracals suna fakewa daga zafin rana a cikin manyan duwatsu, kuma da dare sai su fita farauta. Ana amfani da caracal ne ta hanyar keɓantaccen salon rayuwa, kuma ana kiyaye matakan ciyar da ita sosai.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Girman yankin ciyarwa mai kariya na manya steppe lynx yana da ban sha'awa ƙwarai, kuma yana iya bambanta daga kilomita 4 zuwa kilomita 300 ko fiye, yayin da mata ke zaɓar ƙananan yankuna da kansu.
Ana rarrabe gawawwaki ta kyakkyawar hangen nesa da kyakkyawan ji, wanda ke bawa masu farautar damar bin diddigin abincinsu ba tare da an lura dasu ba kuma da kyau. Bayan an sami ganima, karakis zai afka masa da saurin walƙiya. Duk da kyawawan gabobin jiki, steppe lynx ba zai iya bin abin farautarta na dogon lokaci ba, saboda haka ana farautar farauta daga kwanton bauna.
Kurege, beraye iri-iri, tsuntsaye, bushiya, doya, biri, kananun dabbobi, dabbobin daji, har da dawakai da nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe na iya zama ganimar caracal. Wani babban mai farauta yana iya jimre wa abin farauta wanda ya ninka girman caraka sau biyu. An kashe ƙananan dabbobi tare da cizon ƙarfi guda ɗaya, kuma mafi girman ganima, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna mutuwa yayin aiwatar da maƙogwaro. Mai farautar ya ɓoye ragowar abincin da ba a ci ba, kuma, idan ya cancanta, ya ci shi bayan ɗan lokaci.
Babban maƙiyan caracal
Ana iya afkawa steppe lynx ta hanyar manyan mayuka kamar zaki da kura, daga inda caracals ke gudu a cikin dazuzzuka masu yawa. Makiyan caracal kuma sun hada da kerkeci da karnukan Alabai, wadanda mutane ke amfani da su wajen kiyaye garken tumaki..
Kwanan nan, mutane da gangan suna kashe caracals, wanda ya samo asali ne daga buƙatar kare dabbobi daga harin mai farauta. Karancin lambobi sun taimaka wajen gabatar da lynx na steppe a cikin jerin jinsunan kare, kuma an hana farautar wannan mai farautar a yankin kasashen CIS.
Tsayawa karak a gida
A yankin Indiya ta d in a, da kuma a Farisa, an tsara tarkon lynx na musamman don farautar irin waɗannan dabbobin daji kamar ƙananan dabbobin daji, kurege, pheasants da dawisu. Irin wannan farautar ta shahara tsakanin talakawa, tunda karafa sun fi cheetah rahusa, kuma ba sa buƙatar kulawa ta musamman da abinci mai yawa.
Abu ne mai sauqi ka kiyaye irin wannan dabbar, kuma dabino mai tarbiyya mai kyau yana da kirki kuma mai son dabbobi. A yau, ajiye irin wannan babban kifin mai farauta a gida ya zama alamar wadata kuma yana da daraja sosai. Yawancin attajirai suna siye kayan cincin marassa kyau kamar dabbobin gida masu kyau. Koyaya, farashin irin wannan kyakkyawar dabbar tana da tsada sosai, saboda haka ba kowa bane zai iya siyan ta ya ajiye a gida.
Kulawa da kulawa, tsafta
Ba za ku iya samun irin wannan dabba mai banƙyama ba idan akwai yara 'yan makaranta a cikin gidan. Tsayawa lynx na steppe a gida yana buƙatar kuɗi da yawa, da ƙoƙari da lokaci. Kuna iya yiwa dabbar wanka kawai idan ya zama dole. Man goge lokaci-lokaci da tsaftar ido da kunne sune muhimman abubuwan kula da gida. Lokaci yana buƙatar datsa farcen. Yana da kyau tun daga ƙuruciya ka saba da kyanwar daji zuwa leshi da abin wuya, wanda zai ba ka damar tafiya dabba ba tare da matsala ba.
Mahimmanci!Lokacin adana karak a cikin ɗaki, ya zama dole a yawaita tafiya akan titi, tunda wannan dabba mai farautar gaske tana buƙatar isasshen motsa jiki da gudu.
Zai fi kyau a sayi karak don ajiyewa a cikin gidan ƙasa, inda dabbar dabba ta buƙaci ta ba da jirgi na musamman tare da kowane irin na'urori don hutawa da motsa jiki.
Matakin lilin yana iya yin tsalle sosai, don haka dole ne a killace yankin da babban shinge... Dabbar ba ta haƙuri da sanyi sosai, sabili da haka, dole ne a sanya mazaunin aviary da ingantaccen tsarin ɗumi.
Yadda ake ciyar da karak
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, ana amfani da abincin caracal ta nama, sabili da haka, lokacin da aka ajiye su a gida, nama da offal, da zomo, naman zomo da berayen abinci, ya kamata a yi amfani da su azaman abinci. Hakanan zaka iya ciyar da lynx na steppe tare da mafi sauƙin wadatar ɗanyen kaji, da kifi da nikakken nama.
Yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka abinci na caracal tare da bitamin da ma'adinai. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ana ba da abinci ga mai farautar gida sau biyu a rana, kuma ya kamata a lissafa shi gwargwadon shekaru da nauyin jikin dabbar baƙon. Dole ne ya kasance akwai kwano na tsaftataccen ruwa mai ɗorewa a cikin yankin hanyar shiga.
Tsawon rayuwa
Caracals sun dade suna cin karensu ba babbaka. A karkashin yanayin daurin talala kuma karkashin dokokin kiyayewa, matsakaiciyar rayuwar rayuwa ta steppe lynx ya wuce shekaru goma sha biyar.
Cututtuka na steppe lynx, rigakafin
Ba kamar yawancin nau'ikan kuliyoyin kuliyoyin gida ba, ba a fara saukar da lynx na farko ga cututtuka ba kuma yana da garkuwar jiki mai ƙarfi sosai. Babban abin da ke haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya sune kulawar da ba ta dace ba ta dabbobin gida, halaye na shekaru ko kulawar dabbobi maras lokaci idan babu kwayar cutar.
Mahimmanci!Stein lynx na iya zama mai dauke da cutar chlamydia, amma duk wani bayyanannen maganin wannan cutar a cikin mai cutar gida ba ya nan.
Allurar rigakafi ta farko ana yiwa kyanwa mai suna 'yar shekara uku, kuma ana yin rigakafin a cikin wata daya... Sannan kana buƙatar yiwa alurar riga kafi kan cutar zazzaɓi. Alurar riga kafi akan panleukimia, rhinotracheitis da calcevirosis suma tilas ne. Ba'a ba da shawarar aiwatar da matakan kariya a lokacin canza hakora ba ko kuma idan steppe lynx baya jin daɗi. Ana buƙatar nazarin yau da kullun kowane watanni shida.
Nuances da matsalolin ilimi
Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, kyakkyawar tarbiyya da kuma dacewa da kuliyoyin dabbobin laushi suna da hankali. Don yin wannan, ana buƙatar samun kyanwan kuli-kuli lokacin da yake ƙarami, daga iyaye masu rauni. Steppe lynxes dabbobi ne da ba na zamantakewar al'umma ba wadanda basu dace da zama cikin rukuni ba, saboda haka, irin waɗannan kuliyoyin daji koyaushe suna faɗa tare da dangin su kuma suna korar su daga yankin su.
Halin da ake dauka game da wakilan wasu jinsunan shima yana da tsauri. Akwai lokuta da yawa yayin da caracals ke kai hari ga karnukan da suka fi su girma.... Kuliyoyin daji suna da hannu sosai, suna son wasanni daban-daban, suna da hankali kuma suna da amsa mai kyau ga horo.
Idan ba a shirya dabba ta musamman don amfani da ita don kiwo ba, to haifuwa ko jefa shi ne mafi kyawun zaɓi. Kuliyoyin da ba su da ƙwazo ba sa alama a yankinsu da fitsari, kuma kuliyoyin da ba su tsinkewa a kan lokaci sun fi nuna ƙarfi kuma ba sa nuna zalunci ga masu su.
Sake bugun caracal
Babu takamaiman lokacin kiwo don karafa. Kuliyoyin daji suna iya yin abokai a cikin shekara, amma babban ganga daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu. A irin wannan lokacin ne ake lura da adadi mai yawa a yanayin yanayi, wanda zai bawa stepyn lynx damar fara haihuwa. Lokacin saduwa yana tare da sakin fitsari mai yawa ta hanyar mata tare da sinadarin pheromones na musamman wanda ke jan hankalin maza.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Yayin wasannin dina, caracals suna fitar da wasu siginoni na sauti, wanda ya tuna da tari mai karfi. A cikin kwanaki da yawa, mata suna saduwa da maza da yawa, amma ana ba da fifiko ga manya, masu aiki da ƙarfi.
Ciki zai iya wucewa daga kwana 68 zuwa 81. Kittens ana haifuwarsu ne a keɓantaccen wuri, a cikin raƙuman duwatsu ko cikin ramuka a ƙarƙashin tushen shuke-shuke. A cikin fewan kwanakin farko, mace mai ɗauke da kittens tana canza canjin gurbi koyaushe. Bayan kamar sati biyu zuwa uku, carac kittens sun zama masu cin gashin kansu, amma suna karkashin kulawar mahaifiyarsu. Cikakkun mutanen da suka manyanta sun kusanci shekarar.
Sayi steppe lynx - shawarwari
Kafin ka sayi kyanwa mai tsalle, kana buƙatar tantance ƙarfin ka da gaske kuma ka shirya tsaf don tsadar tsadar kiyayewa.
Inda zan saya, abin da za a nema
Zai fi kyau a sayi karak a cikin gandun daji na musamman, inda akwai dama don lura da halayyar kyanwar da aka sayar da iyayensu. Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, dabbar daga gandun daji ta riga ta saba da tire da magudi na asali.
Wasu lokuta gidan namun daji ma suna sayar da dabbobin daji, amma irin wannan dabbar dabbar ba ta da halin iya lalacewa, kuma zai yi matukar wahala a koya masa horo. Tare da taka tsantsan, kuna buƙatar bi da abubuwan da aka bayar akan Intanet, inda ake sayar da dabbobin da aka kama a cikin wuraren rayuwa.
Dabba mai lafiya yana da kyakkyawan abinci, isasshen motsi da wasa.... Wajibi ne a kula da halayyar kyanwa a gaban mutane da kuma halinta ga baƙi. Kafin sayayya, ya kamata ka tabbata cewa kyanwa da aka siya ba ta da alamun cututtuka, idanu da kunnuwa masu tsabta. Gashi ya zama mai santsi da haske. Dole ne kyanwa ta sami fasfo na dabbobi, wanda ke dauke da alamomin asibitin dabbobi na jihar game da allurar rigakafin da aka yi.
Farashin Caracal
A yau, matsakaicin farashin ɗan kyanwa mai girma a cikin ƙasarmu na iya bambanta a kewayon 410-450 dubu rubles da ƙari. Samfurori na Melanistic, waɗanda aka rarrabe su da launuka daban-daban, da kuma samfuran da suka dace da kiwo, zasu kasance masu tsada musamman. An fi dacewa da kyanwa da aka fi sani da shekara shida ko ƙarami. Tsohuwar dabba mai tsananin wahala ana amfani da ita ga sababbin masu ita kuma baya dacewa da yanayin da ba a sani ba.
Binciken mai shi
Dangane da ƙwararrun masu kiwo na steppe lynx, gidan ƙasa mai zaman kansa tare da keɓaɓɓen shinge an fi dacewa da kiyaye kyanwa. Matsayin yanki na irin wannan aviary ya zama aƙalla 15-16 m2... A cikin gida, kuna buƙatar samar da matakai na musamman, ɗakuna don tsalle, kazalika da tarko a cikin hanyar katako ko sandar katako da aka rufe da igiyar hanta.
Mahimmanci!Wajibi ne don fara haɓaka caracal na gida tun daga yarinta. Stepe lynx yayi kama da kare ta halayensa yayin wasa. Ko da kananan karafa suna son gudu bayan abubuwa daban-daban kuma su kawo su ga mai su.
Don wasanni, ana ba da shawarar siyan abin wasa mai ɗorewa da abin dogara wanda aka yi daga kayan ƙasa da na ɗorewa... Dabbar tana da sauƙin yin amfani da leshi da abin wuya, da fika-fikai da ƙoshin kai kamar kyanwa na gida. The steppe lynx, idan ya cancanta, da sauri kuma koya koya don bayan gida a cikin hanyar tire.
Karaccin cikin gida yana da ramuwar gayya kuma yana tuna halin rashin ladabi ko azabtarwa ta zahiri. A cikin ramuwar gayya, dabbar na iya tinkare ko cizon mai shi, tare da lalata duk kayan gidan. Idan baku da kwarin gwiwa game da kwarewar ku, to don bada horo ana bada shawarar hadawa da kwararru wadanda zasu cusa wa dabbobin daji dabarun da suka dace da sauri kuma kuyi cudanya da dabbar.
