Toad na Fowler (Anaxyrus fowleri) na dangin Bufonidae ne, umarni ne na marassa tushe, amphibians masu aji.
Alamomin waje na ƙwanƙolin Fowler.
Toad na Fowler yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne, launin toka, ko koren zaitun mai launi mai duhu a bayanta, wanda aka zana a baƙar fata tare da raƙuman inuwa mai haske. Kowane wuri mai duhu yana da warts uku ko fiye. Ciki mai fari ne kuma kusan babu tabo. Namiji yana da launi duhu, yayin da mace koyaushe yake da haske. Matakan jiki suna cikin 5, matsakaicin santimita 9.5. Toad na Fowler yana da haƙoron haƙori mara haƙori kuma ya faɗaɗa ƙira a bayan idanu. Tadpoles ƙanana ne, tare da doguwar wutsiya, wanda a kan ginshin manya da ƙananan yake. Yawan larvae yana da girma daga santimita 1 zuwa 1.4.
Yakin Fowler ya bazu.
Toad na Fowler yana zaune a yankunan bakin tekun Atlantika. Yankin ya hada da Iowa, New Hampshire a Texas, Missouri, Arkansas, Michigan, Ohio, da West Virginia. An rarraba shi a kusa da Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna da sauran koguna na kudancin Ontario, a gabar Tafkin Erie. Toad na Fowler shine mafi yawan Bufonidae a Arewacin Carolina.
Fowler ta manyan mazauninsu.
Ana samun toads na Fowler a cikin filayen da ke bakin teku da kuma ƙananan tsaunuka a tsaunuka. Sun fi son zama a cikin dazuzzuka, filaye masu yashi, makiyaya da rairayin bakin teku. A lokacin zafi, lokacin rani da lokacin sanyi ana binne su a cikin ƙasa don haka jure lokacin mara kyau.
Kiwo da Fowler toad.
Toads na Fowler sun haɗu a lokacin dumi, yawanci daga Mayu zuwa Yuni. Amphibians suna yin ƙwai a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙani, saboda wannan sun zaɓi jikin ruwa mai buɗewa sosai: kududdufai, gefen tafkuna, fadama, dazuzzuka masu danshi. Maza suna yin ƙaura zuwa wuraren kiwo, inda suke jan hankalin mata tare da siginar murya da ake bayarwa a lokaci-lokaci, wanda zai kai tsawon dakika talatin. Wasu mazan sukan amsa kiran, kuma suna ƙoƙari su sadu da juna. Namiji na farko ya fahimci kuskurensa nan da nan, saboda ɗayan yana fara nishi da ƙarfi. Lokacin saduwa da mace, Namijin zai kamo ta da gabbai daga baya. Yana iya takin har zuwa ƙwai 7000-10000. Takin takin waje ne, ƙwai yakan bunkasa daga kwana biyu zuwa bakwai, ya danganta da yanayin zafin ruwan. Tadpoles suna fuskantar metamorphosis kuma suna canzawa zuwa ƙananan toads cikin kwanaki talatin zuwa arba'in. Yaran tohon Fowler na da ikon kiwo a shekara mai zuwa. Sannu a hankali mutane masu tasowa na iya haifar da offspringa aftera bayan shekaru uku.
Halin da Fowler yayi
Toads na Fowler ba dare ba rana, amma wani lokacin farauta da rana. A lokacin zafi ko lokacin sanyi, ana binne su a cikin ƙasa. Toads na Fowler suna amsawa ga masu farauta kuma suna kare kansu ta hanyoyin da za'a samu.
Sukan saki abubuwa masu cutarwa daga manyan ƙwayoyin dunƙule a bayanta.
Asirin ɓoye yana fusata bakin mai farautar, kuma yana fitar da ganimar da aka kama, wani abu mai kariya musamman mai guba ga ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Bugu da kari, toads na Fowler, idan ba za su iya tserewa ba, suna kwance a kan duwawunsu suna yin kamar sun mutu. Hakanan suna amfani da kalar su don kada su fita daga ƙasa mai launin ruwan kasa da ciyawar launin ruwan kasa, don haka suna da launin fata wanda yayi daidai da launin ƙasa. Toads na Fowler, kamar sauran 'yan amshi, suna tsotse ruwa tare da fatarsu mai laushi; ba sa “sha” ruwa kamar dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Toads na Fowler suna da kauri da bushe fata fiye da sauran masu yawan amphibians, don haka suna ciyar da rayuwarsu gaba ɗaya a cikin ƙasa. Amma koda a bushe da yanayi mai zafi, kayan aikin toad dole ne su kasance masu sanyi da danshi, saboda haka suna neman ɓoyayyun wurare, keɓantattun wurare kuma suna jiran tsananin zafin mazauninsu. Toads na Fowler sun shafe watanni masu sanyi a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Suna yawan numfashi tare da huhu, amma ana karɓar wasu oxygen a cikin fata.
Abincin abincin Fowler.
Toads na Fowler suna ciyarwa akan ƙananan ƙananan invertebrates, ƙasa da yawa suna cin ƙwarin ƙasa. Tadpoles sun kware a sauran abinci kuma suna amfani da bakinsu da tsari irin na haƙori don datse algae a kan duwatsu da tsire-tsire. Suna kuma ciyar da kwayoyin cuta da tarkace waɗanda suke cikin ruwa.
Toads yana da tsananin cin nama, kuma yana ciyar da ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa waɗanda zasu iya kama da haɗiye su.
An haɗiye abin farautar gaba ɗaya, toads ba sa iya tauna abinci, suna cizon wasu abubuwa. Suna kama smallan ganima tare da saurin saurin harshensu mai makalewa. Wani lokaci toads na iya amfani da ƙafafunsu na gaba don taimakawa wajen tumɓuke manyan ganima cikin maƙogwaro. Kusan dukkan manoma da masu aikin lambu sun san cewa toads na Fowler suna da suna a matsayin amphibians, lalata nau'ikan kwari da sanya su a farfajiyoyi, gonaki, da lambunan kayan lambu. Zasu iya tattarawa akan fitilu masu haske don cin kwarin da suka taru a can. Irin waɗannan mutane sukan zama masu ɗabi'a kuma suna zaune a farfajiyar gida na dogon lokaci. Toads yana gano ganima ta gani, ta motsi kuma kama kusan kowane ƙaramin abu mai motsi. Sabon mataccen kwari zai kewaye su, tunda kwari da yawo da rarrafe ke jagorantar su.
Matsayin yanayin halittar Fowler toad.
Yankunan Fowler suna tsara yawan kwari. Bugu da kari, suna zama abinci ga wasu masu farauta, kuma dabbobi da yawa ne ke cin su, musamman macizai, wadanda cikin su na iya kawar da guba. Kunkuru, dodo, skunks, hankaka da sauran masu farauta na iya yin toshiya da cin hanta mai gina jiki da gabobin ciki, suna barin yawancin gawar da fata mai guba. Yaran yara suna ɓoye abubuwa masu guba sosai, saboda haka yawancin masu lalata su ke cin su fiye da manya.
Matsayin kiyayewa na ƙwallon Fowler.
Babban barazanar ga wanzuwar ƙwanƙolin Fowler sune asarar wuraren zama da rarrabuwa.
Ci gaban aikin gona da amfani da magungunan ƙwari don maganin kwari suna da mummunan tasiri.
Idan aka kwatanta, hatta halakar mutane da yawa ba ta da haɗari kamar tasirin ayyukan ɗan adam. Duk da haka, toads na Fowler sun dace da canjin yanayi kuma sun rayu a wasu yankunan kewayen birni da kewayen birni, inda ake samun kiwo da samar da abinci. Matsakaicin matsayi na daidaitawa ya ba wa ƙwallaye Fowler damar kasancewa cikin kewayon su, duk da ragin raguwa tsakanin sauran amphibians. Koyaya, yawancin toads suna kashe ta ƙafafun motocin da aka saba amfani dasu akan rairayin bakin teku da wuraren yawon buɗe ido. mazaunin dune suna da lahani ga wannan nau'in. Bugu da kari, amfani da sinadarai a harkar noma na taimakawa wajen raguwar yawan masu shan ruwa a wasu yankuna. Wannan nau'in yana cikin haɗari a Ontario. An tsara toad na Fowler a matsayin astananan Damuwa ta IUCN.
