Zai yiwu kowa ya san irin wannan kifin kamar kullewa, wanda yake sananne sosai a wasu cibiyoyin abinci. Kowa ya san dandano na pollock tun yarinta, saboda a makarantun renon yara, kusan kullun ana yin abincin kifi ne daga wannan mashahurin memba na dangin kodin. Halayen dandano na pollock sanannu ne ga mutane da yawa, amma da ƙyar kowa zai iya faɗi game da ɗabi'unsa, rayuwarsa, lokacin haɓaka, wuraren turawa na dindindin. Bari muyi ƙoƙari mu fahimci duk yanayin rayuwar wannan kifin, yana mai bayanin manyan abubuwansa da sifofinsa na waje.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Pollock
Alaska pollock ana iya kiran shi da kifi mai tsananin soyayyar kifi mai hade da tsarin kifin kifi, dangin kwayar halitta da kuma halittar pollock. Pollock sananne ne sosai a duk duniya, saboda yana da kyakkyawar ɗanɗano, abinci da lafiyayyen nama, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙasusuwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ana amfani da Pollock don samar da sandunan kaguwa da daɗewa, abincin kifi don giya, shahararren hambarin Filet-o-Fish a McDonald's, da dai sauransu.
Darajar kasuwancin pollock tana da yawa. Alaska pollock ita ce jagora a cikin kundin kamawa tsakanin duk masu haifar da kodin. An yi imanin cewa kusan rabin abin da ake kamawa a duniya a kowace shekara ya fito ne daga Ingila da ƙasashen Turai, sauran kamun kamfani ne ke aiwatar da su a cikin ƙasarmu. Alaska pollock yana da nau'ikan iri daban-daban, sanannen sanannen shine pollock na Atlantic da na Turai.
Bidiyo: Pollock
A cikin shaguna, mun saba ganin pollock daskararre, karami mai girma da mara kai. A hakikanin gaskiya, wannan kifin yana da girman girma har zuwa mita daya a tsayi kuma ya kai kimanin kilogiram 3, kodayake matsakaicin girman pollock yakai 75 cm, kuma yana da nauyin kilogram daya da rabi. A yankin kasarmu, ana daukar mafi karancin girman kasuwanci a matsayin pollock, wanda tsawonsa yakai santimita 20. Wasu majiyoyi suna da'awar cewa kifin na iya yin kilogram biyar. Wataƙila, akwai irin waɗannan nau'ikan samfura masu nauyi a cikin girman Tekun Duniya, saboda zurfin ruwan yana ɓoye asirai da asirai da yawa.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Yaya pollock yake kama
Mun gano girman kifin, bari mu ci gaba da la'akari da siffofinsa. Dukkanin adadi na pollock yana da tsayi kuma ya taƙaita kusa da ɓangaren wutsiya. Sikeli a jiki ƙanana ne kuma azurfa, a cikin yankin dutsen da ke nuna launinsu ya fi duhu. Pollock yana dauke da sifa a cikin hanyar ƙaramin duhu na ruwan hoda, waɗanda suka bazu a jiki da kai kuma suna daidai a ɓangaren kifin, wanda yake da launi mai duhu fiye da haske, ciki mai fari.
Kan kifin ya yi kama da babba dangane da jikinsa, akwai manyan kifayen idanunsa a kanta. Wani abu na musamman na pollock shine karamin gashin-baki wanda ke karkashin leben kasan kifin, yana aiwatar da aiki, saboda wannan kifin yana da zurfin teku. Ya kamata a lura cewa kayan kifin na muƙamuƙi suna gaba gaba kaɗan daga ƙananan gefen.
Pollock yana da dorsal uku da fin ƙarfi biyu, waɗanda ƙananan keɓaɓɓu suka rabu. A kan dutsen kifin, akwai fika-fikai daban-daban guda uku, na farko yana kusa da yankin kai, na biyu ana rarrabe shi da manyan girma da tsayi, na uku yana kusa da yankin caudal. Har ila yau pollock yana da fika-fikai da ke kan ciki, waɗanda suke a gaban pectorals. Layin kifin a kaikaice yana da yanayi mai kaifi sosai.
Ina pollock ke zama?
Hotuna: Pollock a Rasha
Pollock kifi ne mai yaduwa. Ya ɗauki farashi zuwa Arewacin Atlantika, yana haɗuwa a ɓangarorin yamma da gabas. A yamma, gidan kifin ya fadada daga mashigar Hudson zuwa Cape Hatteras, wanda ke Arewacin Carolina. A gabashin Arewacin Atlantika, kifin ya zauna daga Svalbard zuwa Bay of Biscay.
Alaska pollock kuma yana zaune a cikin ruwan Barents Sea kusa da Iceland. A yankin arewa maso gabashin Atlantika, ana iya samun pollock a yankin bakin ruwa na ƙasar Norway, kusa da Tsibirin Faroe, yankin da aka tura shi ya isa Bay of Biscay da aka ambata da kuma iyakar Ireland da Ingila.
Amma ga gabar Asiya, Alaska pollock tana zaune a tekun Okhotsk, Bering da Japan.
A gabar Amurka, ana tura kifi a cikin wadannan yankuna:
- Tekun Bering;
- Monterey Bay;
- Tekun Alaska.
Ya kamata a kara da cewa a cikin ruwan tekun, ba za a iya haduwa da kudu a mashigar Sangar, wanda ya hada ruwan Tekun Japan da Tekun Pacific. Kawai lokaci-lokaci akwai keɓaɓɓun mutane, ba don komai ba ake ɗaukar wannan kifin a matsayin mai son sanyi, saboda ya fi son ruwan sanyi, mai sanyi. Gabaɗaya, ana kiran pollock a ƙasan pelagic kifi, watau kifin da ke zaune a wani yanki na ruwa wanda ba ya kusa da farfajiyar ƙasa.
Yanzu kun san inda aka sami pollock. Bari muga me zai ci.
Menene pollock ke ci?
Hotuna: Kifin Pollock
Alaska pollock, a zahiri, yana haifar da zaman lafiya, ba farautar wasu manyan kifaye ba, kodayake ana ɗaukarsa mai farauta.
Abincin pollock yafi kunshi:
- kayan kwalliya;
- invertebrates;
- katako;
- Amfani;
- krill;
- nematodes;
- jatan lande;
- annelids;
- kadoji.
Matasa sun fi son plankton, sannu a hankali suna canzawa zuwa abinci mafi girma, wanda ya ƙunshi squid da ƙananan kifi (Asiya mai narkewa, capelin). Kayan abincin kifi ya ƙunshi caviar da soya.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Pollock yana cikin yanayin wannan mummunan yanayi kamar cin naman mutane, saboda haka, ba tare da wani lamiri ba, zai iya cin tsutsa da ɗanyun garin yan uwansa.
Tare da mackerel, mackerel dawakai, tuna, kodin, wadanda kuma ana daukar su mazauna yankin pelagic, pollock ya sami abinci da kansa a matakai daban-daban na trophic, yana turawa, mafi yawanci, a saman saman ruwan tekun. Saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙananan muƙamuƙin sun ɗan fi tsayi kuma suna gaba, yana da sauƙi ga pollock ya kama ƙananan dabbobi da ke iyo a cikin ruwa. Manya, idanu zagaye, halayyar kifin mai zurfin-ruwa, suna da kyau wajen neman ganima koda a zurfin zurfin, kuma karamin eriya mai ɗanɗano yana ɗaukar ƙaramin motsi a cikin kusancin, yana mai sauƙin gano cizon.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Canza wuri zuwa ciyar da abincin mafi girma a cikin pollock ana aiwatar dashi kusa da shekaru takwas ko ma shekaru goma.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Pollock cikin ruwa
Pollock bashi da daɗi, yana iya sauƙaƙa rayuwa zuwa zurfin daban-daban, saboda haka yana jin daɗi duka a zurfin mita 700 ko sama da haka, kuma a cikin rufin ruwa. Matsayi mafi karɓa na mazaunin shi ana ɗaukar zurfin kimanin mita ɗari biyu, a nan galibi ana samun sa. Ana iya kiran Pollock da tabbaci ba kawai mazaunin teku ba, amma har da mai son sanyi, ana ɗaukar zafin ruwan mai daɗi a gare shi, wanda ya fara daga digiri 2 zuwa 9 tare da alamar ƙari.
Pollock kifi ne na gama gari wanda ke wanzuwa kuma yana motsawa a cikin makarantu. Ana lura da yawan kifin a lokacin ɓatancin, to sai a haɗu da ƙananan garken pollock cikin manya da yawa. Da magariba, makarantun kifayen suna kokarin kasancewa kusa da saman ruwan, ko tsayawa a tsakiyar shimfidar sa. A lokacin rana, kifin yana ninkaya zuwa zurfin mita 200 da zurfi.
Tallafan Pollock akai-akai suna motsawa tsaye a cikin rana, samun abinci a cikin yadudduka na ruwa na zurfin zurfafa daban-daban. A lokacin ɓarkewar wuri, ana samun pollock da yawa a cikin yankin bakin teku, amma bai kusanci mita hamsin zuwa gabar teku ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Alaska pollock yana girma cikin sauri, tsayinsa da nauyinsa suna ƙaruwa cikin sauri. Kusa da shekara biyu, tsawon kifin yakai kimanin 20 cm, bayan wani shekaru biyu yana girma da 10 cm, ya zama santimita talatin.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Mintai
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, Alaska pollock kifi ce ta makaranta; a lokacin haɓakawa, makarantunta sun faɗaɗa sosai, adadinsu ya zama ya isa, saboda haka kifin ya zama tarin gungu a kusa da bakin teku. Kifin ya balaga idan ya cika shekaru uku ko hudu. A wannan shekarun, ya kai girman girmansa, nauyinsa na iya bambanta daga kilogram 2.5 zuwa 5.
Lokacin saduwa don kifin da aka tura a yankuna daban-daban yana farawa a lokuta daban-daban. Pollock, wanda ke zaune a cikin Tekun Bering, ya samo asali ne a lokacin bazara da bazara. Pacific pollock ya fara haihuwa a lokacin sanyi da damuna, yana fifita farkon farkon bazara. Kamchatka pollock yana son ɓoyewa a cikin bazara, lokacin da yanayi ya fi dacewa da wannan. Rayuwar teku mai kaunar-sanyi ba ta damunta ko da mummunan zafin ruwan, don haka suna da damar haihuwa, koda kuwa ya sauka zuwa digiri biyu tare da alamar debewa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Alaska pollock ta sami kusan sau 15 yayin rayuwarsa a matsayin kifi. Kuma tsawon rayuwar wannan kifin kifi na tsawon shekaru 15.
Ko da a lokacin sanyi, mata na haihuwar dubban ƙwai, waɗanda, kamar masu yawo, suna ci gaba da yawo cikin kaurin ruwan. Galibi, ba sa nitsewa ƙasa da mita hamsin. Duk asirin ana ajiye shi a cikin ruwan gishiri, wurin daskarewa sosai yafi na ruwa mai kyau. Kuma ana amfani da pollock ga ruwan sanyi wanda jininsa dake gudana ta jijiyoyin kifi yayi kama da maganin daskarewa da mota.
Abokan gaba na pollock
Hotuna: Yaya pollock yake kama
Tunda pollock kifi ne mai zurfin teku, babu adadi mai yawa na masu ƙyamar fata waɗanda daga gare su waɗanda barazanar gaske ke zuwa daga yanayin yanayi. Babu wani takaddama game da hare-haren ɗayan ko wani babban kifi a kan pollock. Abin sani kawai za a iya ɗauka cewa sikirrai masu girman gaske da wasu nau'ikan kifi na angler, wanda kuma ke rayuwa a cikin zurfin, na iya zama abokan gaba.
Kulle-kullen da ke da rauni ya zama yayin ɓarna, lokacin da a cikin manyan garken yake kusa da saman ruwa kusa da bakin teku. Tabbas, babban makiyin wannan kifin na dangin kifi shine mutumin da yake kama pollock a sikeli babba. Ana iya kiran Pollock jagora dangane da samarwa tsakanin sauran kifin kasuwanci.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A shekarun 80 na karnin da ya gabata, yawan kamun ludayin duniya ya kai tan miliyan 7.
Yanzu wadannan alkaluman sun fara raguwa, sun kai miliyan 3, kasar mu ce kawai ke da tan miliyan 1.6. Naman kifi ba daɗi kawai yake da shi ba, har ma yana da mahimmanci, mai cikakken ɗimbin ma'adanai da bitamin. Wani fasalin pollock shine ƙananan abubuwan kalori, don haka ana amfani dashi cikin abincin mai gina jiki.
A kasuwa, ana ɗaukar farashin wannan kifin ƙarancin, don haka pollock yana cikin buƙatu mai yawa tsakanin masu siye. Ana kama kifi da yawa ta amfani da tsayayyen raga da tarko, wanda ke shafar yawan hannun jari na pollock da damuwa ga ƙungiyoyin muhalli.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Pollock
Commercialimar kasuwanci ta pollock tana da kyau, kuma ana aiwatar da kamun ne a babban sikelin, wanda ke shafar girman yawan kifin, amma ba mahimmanci kamar yadda yake ba sai kwanan nan. Akwai bayanin cewa a cikin shekarun 2000, yawan mutanen Alaska sun ragu sosai a cikin Tekun Okhotsk. Da farko, ana zaton cewa hakan ya faru ne saboda yawan kamun kifi, amma wannan kuskure ne. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa yawan tasirin tasirin ƙarni, wanda yayi ƙaranci a cikin shekaru 90, wanda hakan ya haifar da raguwar lambar. An gano daga baya cewa yawan kifin yana da tasirin tasirin sauyin yanayi.
A shekarar 2009, kungiyar kiyaye muhalli ta Greenpeace ta nuna matukar damuwarta game da halin da al'ummar mazabar ke ciki ta kuma bukaci 'yan kasar da kada su saya ko su ci wannan kifin domin kiyaye yawan jama'a a wani matakin da ya dace. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa yanzu kashi 20 cikin ɗari ne na yawan kifin da aka kama, wannan a zahiri ba zai shafi ci gabansa ba. Zamanin kifayen da aka haifa a cikin shekarun 2010 sun kasance masu fa'ida sosai kuma sun faɗaɗa darajar kifin sosai.
A yau, za a iya lura cewa hannayen jari na pollock suna da girma sosai; yanzu masana'antar kamun kifi ta ragu sosai idan aka kwatanta da karnin da ya gabata. Alaska pollock ba ta cikin jerin sunayen ja kuma ba ta fuskantar barazanar bacewa, wanda ke da matukar ƙarfafawa. Muna iya fatan kawai wannan halin da ake ciki zai ci gaba a nan gaba.
An dafa shi da dadi kullewa a gare mu ya daɗe ya zama abinci na yau da kullun, wanda ya saba tun yarinta. Wataƙila wannan ya rinjayi ta karɓa mai karɓa da araha. Ana iya kiran Pollock mai sarauta a tsakanin duk kifin kasuwanci, saboda yana da matsayi na gaba dangane da girman abin farauta. Priceananan farashi ba ya nuna ɗanɗano mara kyau, wanda, akasin haka, ya kasance a mafi kyau.
Ranar bugawa: 12/22/2019
Ranar sabuntawa: 09/10/2019 da 21:35
