Zuwa ga mutane da yawa kifi kifi saba ba kawai cikin bayyanar ba har ma a dandano. Wannan babban adadi ne kuma galibi ana samun mazaunin sabbin ruwa. Katifan yana da kyau, kamar jarumi a cikin kayan ɗamara, an lulluɓe shi da manyan sikeli na zinariya waɗanda suke sheƙi a rana.
Masunta masu son masunta koyaushe suna cikin farin ciki ƙwarai da sun kama shi, kuma masanan gourmet ba za su taɓa jin daɗin ɗanɗano da lafiyayyen naman kifi ba. Za mu bincika mahimmancin aikin wannan kifin mai ban sha'awa, bayan munyi nazarin abubuwan da ke waje, halaye, halaye da sauran mahimman fasaloli.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Photo: Carp kifi
Carp wakili ne na ajin kifi mai hade da rayukan dangi, wanda na dangin kifin ne. Rigima game da asalin irin kifin kifi ba ya sauka har zuwa yau. Akwai nau'i biyu na wannan, suna musun juna.
Na farkonsu ya ce an yi irin kifin ne ta hanyar kere-kere a kasar Sin, ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin halittar dajin kifin. An ɗauki wannan kifin da daraja sosai har a kotun sarki Sinawa da sauran masu martaba. A hankali, ta hanyoyin tashar kogin kuma tare da taimakon masu tafiya cikin teku, kifayen ya bazu ko'ina cikin Turai. A cikin Girkanci, ainihin sunan "kifi" yana nufin "girbi" ko "haihuwa". Carp, a zahiri, yana da yawan gaske, saboda haka ya bazu ko'ina cikin koguna da tabkuna da yawa a Turai, sannan ya zo Burtaniya, kuma a cikin karni na sha tara an yi rajista a yankin Arewacin Amurka.
Bidiyo: Kifi Kifi
Sigogi na biyu ya karyata na farkon kwata-kwata, la'akari da shi kawai tatsuniya. A cewar ta, an dade ana samun irin wadannan kifaye kamar kifi irin na daji a cikin koguna da tafkuna, ya banbanta da sifofinsu. Karin da ke zaune a cikin ruwa mai gudu yana da jiki mai tsayi, mai siffar torpedo, kuma a tsaye daya, ya fi fadi, fadi da kiba. An yi amannar cewa irin kifin kifin ne da ɗan adam ya daidaita a ko'ina cikin Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Asiya. Ingantaccen haɓaka na wannan nau'ikan ya fara tsunduma ne ƙasa da ƙarni biyu da suka gabata, yana haifar da sababbin ƙabilu da kowane irin ƙwaro.
Dangane da wannan ka’idar, sunan “kifi” ba shi da asalin ilimin kimiyya, kuma ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin karni na 19 a cikin littafin Sergei Aksakov game da kamun kifi. Wannan shi ne yadda Bashkirs ke kiran kifin dajin, wanda a Türkic ke nufin "kifin kifi", wannan sunan ya yadu a tsakanin mutane, amma masana ilimin kimiyyar kirista suna ganin cewa irin kifin daji da na gida iri daya ne.
An rarraba Carps ba kawai cikin kogi da tafki (kandami) ba, amma kuma a cikin nau'ikan daban, gami da:
- tsirara;
- fure;
- tsarin;
- madubi
Babban fasalin fasalin su shine launi da tsarin ma'aunin. Scaly karas an rufe shi da manyan sikeli. Tsarin yana da ma'auni ne kawai a kan kunya da ciki. Sikeli na irin kifin kifi yana da girma kuma yana nan a wurare (galibi tare da layin gefe na kifin). Hutun tsirara tsirara bashi da sikeli kwata-kwata, amma shine mafi girman girma, sannan girman madubi yana biye dashi, sa'annan yayi sihiri.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Photo: Irin kifin kifi a cikin ruwa
Gwanin gama gari yana da sauƙin ganewa ta hanyoyi da yawa:
- babba, mai kauri, mai dan elongated jiki;
- mai girma, manyan sikeli masu kaifin duhu; akwai ma'auni 32 zuwa 41 tare da layin gefe na kifin;
- bangarorin kifin zinare ne, masu ɗan fari-fari, ciki mai kauri yana da sautin da ya fi wuta;
- karas - ma'abucin babban baki, yana miƙewa cikin bututu;
- lebban sama an kawata shi da gajeren eriya guda huɗu, waɗanda suke da laushi sosai;
- idanun kifayen suna daga sama, suna da yara matsakaita, wadanda ke da iyaka da wata iris mai launin zinare;
- dutsen da ke da iko yana da inuwa mai duhu da kuma kalar fin-kalar-zaitun mai launin toka mai haske, fatar duburar gajerar gajere kuma tare da ƙaya;
- Hancin katifar ya ninka.
Cusarƙashi ya lulluɓe dukkan jikin kifin, yana hana tashin hankali, daidaita yanayin zafin jikin, da kiyaye shi daga kowane irin ƙwayar cuta. Carp yana da girma kuma yana da nauyi sosai. Abu ne sananne cewa an kama samfuran masu nauyin fiye da rabin tsakiya kuma tsawonsu ya fi mita daya da rabi. Irin waɗannan masu girman ba su da yawa, yawanci carps daga kilogram ɗaya zuwa biyar suka haɗu, shekarunsu ya bambanta daga shekaru biyu zuwa bakwai. Gabaɗaya, ana iya kidaya irin kifin a tsakanin masu tsawon rai, yanayi ya auna masa tsawon rayuwa, ya kai shekaru 50, kuma wasu nau'ikan kayan ado na iya rayuwa sama da ƙarni.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Jafananci mai shekaru saba'in yana da kilif da ya gada, wanda ya girmi mai shi shekaru 35. Maigidan ya kula da dabbar da yake ƙauna ƙwarai, ba tare da yarda ya sayar da shi ko da na kuɗi masu yawa ba.
A ina kidan zai zauna?
Photo: Carp kifi a Rasha
Yankin rarraba irin kifin yana da faɗi sosai, ana iya samun sa a Turai, Gabas ta Gabas, Yammaci da Tsakiyar Asiya, a yankin Arewacin Amurka. Carp yana da thermophilic, saboda haka yana nisantar yankunan arewa.
A cikin kasarmu, ya zabi sabon ruwan rafi mai zuwa:
- Baltic;
- Jafananci;
- Baƙi;
- Kasifiyan;
- Azovsky;
- Okhotsk.
Carp yana son ruwa a inda babu ƙarancin wuta kwata-kwata, ko kuma yana da rauni ƙwarai, yana son zama a cikin tabkuna, tafkuna, wuraren haƙar ruwa da ruwa, koguna da magudanan ruwa. Aljanna don irin kifin - tafki inda yake da nau'ikan ciyayi iri iri da kuma taushi (yashi, laka, yumbu) a ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci, kifi yana rayuwa a zurfin mita biyu zuwa goma. Wuraren da ke zama kariya ga irin kifi suna da matukar mahimmanci a gare shi, don haka zai guji buɗe wuraren da ginshiƙin yake gaba ɗaya. Katifa ya fi son keɓaɓɓun ramuka, da dauri mai kauri, da sarƙaƙƙun ruwa.
Gabaɗaya, irin kifin kifi bai bambanta da takamaimai ba, babban abin shine don wadatar abinci, shi kansa yana da wahala sosai. A bayyane, wannan shine dalilin da yasa wannan mazaunin ruwa mai yaduwar jini ya bazu ko'ina kuma yana jin daɗi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Saboda rashin dacewar irin kifin da kuma watsi da matakin gurɓataccen tafkin, damuwar kifin kawai ga samuwar abinci, ana kiransa da alade na ruwa.
Menene irin kifin cin abinci?
Hotuna: Kifin dangi irin kifi
Ana iya kiran kifi a matsayin mai faɗakarwa da komai. Da farin ciki yana cin abincin dabbobi da na tsire-tsire. Bugu da ƙari, na farko an fi so a cikin bazara da kaka, kuma na biyu - a lokacin rani. Carp yana girma da sauri cikin girma, saboda haka yana buƙatar abinci mai yawa, an tsara ciki na kifin don ya iya cin kusan ba tare da tsayawa ba.
Kayan katun ya kunshi:
- kifin kifi;
- kayan kwalliya;
- kifi da kwado caviar;
- tadpoles;
- kowane irin kwari da tsutsa;
- tsutsotsi;
- kudaje;
- asu;
- tsire-tsire na ciyayi na cikin ruwa;
- matasa reeds.
Balagagge da manyan samfura suna cin sauran kifaye, kada ku raina kwaɗi da kifin kifin. Akwai lokuta lokacin da manyan katako suke so su kama tsuntsayen da ke kama kwari na cikin ruwa. Suna yawo a cikin masarautar karkashin ruwa don neman abun ciye-ciye, mustachioes suna kirkirar manyan kumfa a saman ruwa, don haka suke bayyana kansu.
Sau da yawa a cikin ciyayi za ku iya jin wani abu kamar sara, wannan cin abincin kifi ne a kan tsiron ciyawa, yana ta cizon su da taimakon haƙoran haƙora. Ko da kwasfa masu ƙarfi na katantanwa da kifin kifin suna cikin haƙoran irin kifi. Idan babu wani abu mai daɗi, irin kifi zai iya cin ƙanshi daga tsire-tsire, kuma baya ƙin taki, wanda suke samu a wuraren shayar shanu.
Ana ciyar da irin kifin da aka kama tare da masara, burodi, da abinci na musamman mai ɗauke da zare, kitse da sunadarai. Ingancin nama sau da yawa yana wahala daga irin wannan menu, wadatar da maganin rigakafi, launuka daban-daban, dandano da haɓaka hanzari. Wannan shine yadda bambancin abincin irin kifin, wanda ke tafiyar da mafi yawan rayuwarsu wajen neman abubuwa masu daɗi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Cin naman mutane bai wuce dangin kifin ba, don haka babban wakili na iya cin abinci tare da danginsa na kusa.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Carp kifi
Karp ya fi son rayuwa gama gari, saboda haka ya hade a cikin garken, kawai manyan samfuran za su iya zama masu nuna soyayya, amma kuma suna kusa da 'yan uwansu. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, Bolsheviks sun shiga ƙungiyar don sauƙaƙa lokacin hutu tare. Don lokacin hunturu, carps suna nitsewa cikin wasu ramuka a keɓe a ƙasan, inda suke faɗuwa da wani irin wawan bacci na rabi. Idan babu rami a cikin tafki, to mustachioed suna neman busasshiyar itaciya don hunturu, inda suka sauka, kuma dattin da ya lullubesu yana taimaka wa kifayen baya daskarewa.
Carps suna farkawa tare da farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da ruwan ya fara dumi a hankali, kifin ya fara nuna aikinsa zuwa ƙarshen Maris, a watan Afrilu. An bar filayen cin nasara kuma carps suna rugawa zuwa zurfin zurfin (daga mita 4 zuwa 6) don nemo wani abu da za'a ci. Kayan kifi mazaunin kifi ne; ba ya iyo da nisa daga wuraren da yake aiki na dindindin. Carananan katako suna motsawa a cikin makarantu, yawanci suna cikin dajin ammi, kuma dangi masu nauyi sun fi son zurfin, iyo a saman don kawai su sami hutawa.
Carp yana da sha'awar wuraren da ba za a iya amfani da su ba, kuma suna guje wa wurare masu haske. Garkunan ba sa shawagi a cikin taron jama'a, amma suna yin kirtani inda kifayen shekaru daban-daban suke. Carps ba su da bambanci a cikin tashin hankali, saboda haka ana iya ɗaukarsu mazauna cikin nutsuwa da lumana. Abu ne mai matukar ban sha'awa duba da irin kifin da yake tsalle tsalle sama da ruwa, sannan da ƙarfi ya dawo baya.
Wannan lamarin yakan faru ne da safe ko da yamma kuma yana da ban sha'awa sosai. Masanan Ichthyologists sun yi amannar cewa ta haka ne garken yake ba da alama cewa zai ciyar, kuma idan tsallen ya yi yawa, to wannan alama ce ta cewa yanayi ba da daɗewa ba zai taɓarɓare. Ga kowane masunci, irin kifi ganima ce mai matukar kyau; masu sha'awar kamun kifi suna tabbatar da cewa wannan kifin yana da hankali, ƙarfi da wayo. Carp yana da ƙanshi sosai, yana basu damar jin ƙamshi ko farauta daga nesa.
Gaskiya mai nishadi: Carp, ta amfani da kwazazzabonsu, suna tace abincin da basa so, saboda haka sunada gaske.
Ganin irin kifin yana da kyau kwarai, yana iya gane launuka iri-iri, kuma ganinta madauwari ne, kifi na iya ganin digiri 360, hatta wutsiyarsa ma ba za ta ɓoye daga idanunta ba. A cikin duhu, kifayen suna da fa'ida sosai kuma suna iya sauƙaƙewa, suna lura da abubuwan da ke kewaye da su. Wannan shine yadda yake da wayewa da wahala irin kifin, saboda haka ba abu ne mai sauki kama babban gashin baki ba.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Carp kogin kifi
Karancin dusar kankara ya zama yana kusa da shekaru uku ko biyar, duka maza da mata. Sake haifuwa da kifi ya dogara ba kawai ga shekarunsa ba, har ma akan tsarin zafin jiki na ruwa, da girman kifin kansa. Carp yana da thermophilic, saboda haka, yana ɓoyewa zuwa ƙarshen Mayu, lokacin da ruwan ya riga ya daɗa ɗumi sosai. Don samun nasarar haifuwa, tsawon namiji ya zama akalla 30 cm, kuma mace ta zama aƙalla 37.
Katifan yana zaɓar wuri mara zurfin zurfin zurfafawa (kimanin mita biyu), galibi a gadajen icen. Da wahala a samu irin wadannan wuraren, don haka kifi ya dawo gare su sau da yawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Carps ba sa banbanta a cikin aminci, sabili da haka, mace koyaushe tana da 'yan mata da yawa (har zuwa biyar), waɗanda suka fara haɗuwa. Peakwanƙolin ɓarkewar kifin yana farawa da yamma (bayan faɗuwar rana) kuma yakan ɗauki awanni 12.
Carps hakika suna da yawa sosai. Mace daya tak da ta balaga zata iya samar da kwai miliyan, wanda take rabawa cikin kwanaki da yawa. Lokacin shiryawa shine kwana uku zuwa shida kawai, sa'annan tsutsa ta bayyana, wanda ke ciyar da abubuwan cikin jakar kwai na kwana biyu zuwa uku. Bayan haka, soyayyen da ya fara iyo, ya ci zooplankton da ƙaramin ɓawon burodi, mai haɓaka ci gaba. Kusa da shekara shida, kifayen kifi ya riga yayi nauyi kimanin gram 500. Carp yana girma kuma yana haɓaka a irin wannan saurin saurin.
Halittan makiya irin kifi
Photo: Freshwater kifi kifi
Kodayake irin kifin yana da girma sosai, yana da makiya da masu gasa, saboda haka a koyaushe yana da taka tsan-tsan. Tabbas, waɗanda suka fi rauni ba manyan mutane bane ke kwance a ƙasan, amma soya da ƙwai. Koren kwadi, waɗanda ke son cin abinci a ƙwai da soya, babbar barazana ce a gare su. Misalin ƙwai ɗaya ne kawai zai iya cinye soya da ƙwai dubu ɗari a rana. Baya ga kwadi, kifin kifi, tsutsotsi, sauran kifaye da yawancin mazaunan masarautar karkashin ruwa ba za su taɓa ƙin caviar ba. Sau da yawa yakan faru cewa caviar ana wanke shi zuwa gaɓar teku, inda yake bushewa, ko tsuntsaye ke tsattsage shi, sauran dabbobin suna cin shi.
Kar ka manta cewa cin naman mutane ba sabon abu bane ga tarko, sabili da haka, dangin da suka girme shi na iya cin kanen sa ba tare da nadama ba. A cikin tafkunan da kifayen da ke farauta ke rayuwa, irin kifi na iya zama kyakkyawan abun ciye-ciye don manyan pike ko kifin kifi. Soyayyar tana son ciyarwa akan duwatsu, don haka a can wasu dabbobi zasu kamasu wadanda basa son gwada kifin. Don ƙananan samfura, tsuntsaye (gulls, terns) kifin farauta na iya zama haɗari; ƙananan dabbobi sukan sha wahala daga hare-haren su.
Tabbas, mutum ba zai iya kasa lura da mutumin da shima za a iya sanya shi a cikin magabtan kifaye ba. Irin wannan kifin yana da mashahuri sosai tsakanin masun kifi, waɗanda suka yi nazari sosai game da halaye da abubuwan dandano na dogon lokaci. Kama samfuri mai nauyi ba sauki bane, amma yawan ciwan gashin baki yawanci yana wasa dashi. Ana iya lura da tabbaci cewa idan ba don halittu daban-daban masu shayar da caviar da soyayyen irin kifi ba, to wannan kifin na iya cike rafuka masu yawa da sauran ruwa.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Photo: Babban kifi
Yankin kifayen yana da fa'ida sosai, kuma yawanta yana da yawa, wannan kifin yana tabbatar da sunansa sosai, kasancewar ana rarrabe shi da mafi yawan haihuwa. Irin kifin yana da tauri sosai, ba shi da ma'ana ga mahalli, kusan komai ne, don haka a sauƙaƙe ya samu gindin zama a jikin ruwa. Yanzu akwai gonakin kifi da yawa da ke yin irin kifin kifin, saboda yana da fa'ida sosai, saboda kiwon kifi yana da ban mamaki, kuma yana samun nauyi sosai cikin sauri.
Ana iya lura tare da kwarin gwiwa cewa wannan kifin baya fuskantar wata barazana ga rayuwarsa, yawan jama'arta yana da yawa sosai, kifayen kifayen suna hayayyafa daidai gwargwado, saboda haka baya haifar da damuwa tsakanin masana kimiyya, baya karkashin kariya ta musamman a ko'ina. Yana da kyau cewa akwai wasu abubuwa masu kamewa wadanda suke sarrafa lambobin ta (kowane irin dabbobi, kifi, tsuntsaye da kwari ne suke cin kwayaye da soya), in ba haka ba da zai sami wadatattun wuraren ajiyar ruwa da yawa, da sauri ya ninka a cikinsu.
Don haka, yawan irin kifin ba ya fuskantar wani tsalle a ƙasa, wannan kifin yana da mashahuri tsakanin gourmets, mutane da yawa suna son naman alade, don haka kuna iya dafa abinci mai yawa daga ciki. Yana da matukar fa'ida kiwo irin wannan kifin ta hanyar kirkirar sa dan cigaba da sayarwa, saboda yana girma cikin sauri kuma yana haɓaka sosai.
A ƙarshe, Ina so in ƙara hakan kifi kifi yana ɗaukar ba kawai tare da ɗanɗano mai kyau ba, amma har ma da kyakkyawan ɗaukaka, kyakkyawa, bayyanar zinariya, wanda ƙananan eriya ke ba shi ƙarfi. Yanzu mun san cewa wannan babban kifin yana da nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali, halin kirki ne. Abin farinciki ne wanda ba za'a iya mantawa da shi ba don kallon pirouettes na virtuoso wanda katun yana tsalle sama daga ruwa. Kuma idan wani ya sami damar yin la'akari da wannan, to lallai shi mai sa'a ne na ainihi.
Ranar bugawa: 28.05.2019
Ranar sabuntawa: 20.09.2019 a 21:08
