"Dodon teku" - wannan fassarar ce daga kalmar Helenanci w (whale), ana amfani da ita ga duk masu yin kifin, ban da kayan alatu da kifayen dolphin. Amma, amsa tambayar "nawa ne kifi whale ya auna", mutum ba zai iya yinsa ba tare da dabbobin dolphin ba. Wannan dangi yana da dodo mai nauyin gaske fiye da kifayen whale na gaske - mai kisan whale.
Nauyin Whale ta jinsuna
Whales sun cancanci ɗaukar taken dabbobi mafi nauyi, duka ƙasa da ruwa.... Umurnin cetacean ya kunshi yankuna 3, daya daga cikinsu (tsohuwar whale) tuni ta bace daga fuskar Duniya. Wasu ƙananan yankuna biyu sune haƙoran haƙora da baleen whales, waɗanda aka rarrabe su da tsarin kayan aikin bakin da nau'in abincin da ke da alaƙa da shi. Bakin bakin dusar whales mai haƙori yana sanye take, kamar yadda ya dace a ɗauka, tare da hakora, wanda ke basu damar farautar manyan kifaye da gwatso.
A matsakaici, haƙuraran haƙora ba su da girma a cikin girman wakilan yankin baleen, amma daga cikin waɗannan masu cin nama akwai manyan masu nauyi:
- sperm whale - har zuwa tan 70;
- arewacin teku - 11-15 tons;
- narwhal - mata har zuwa tan 0.9, maza aƙalla tan 2-3 (inda kashi ɗaya bisa uku na nauyi yake mai);
- farin kifi (beluga whale) - tan 2;
- dwarf sperm whale - daga 0.3 zuwa 0.4 tan.
Mahimmanci! Magungunan rarrabewa sun ɗan bambanta kaɗan: duk da cewa an haɗa su a cikin ƙananan haƙuraran haƙori, a cikin tsararren tsari ba na kifayen ba ne, amma na dabbobi ne. Magunguna suna da nauyin kilogiram 120.
Yanzu bari mu kalli kifayen dolphin, waɗanda masu ilimin kimiyyar dabbobi kuma suka ƙi haƙƙin kiransu da kifayen gaske, suna ba su damar a kira su cetaceans a cikin ƙungiyar haƙoran haƙora (!).
Jerin dabbobin dolphins ta hanyar haɓaka taro:
- La Plata dolphin - daga 20 zuwa 61 kg;
- dolphin na kowa - 60-75 kg;
- Ganges dolphin - daga 70 zuwa 90 kg;
- farin kogin dolphin - daga 98 zuwa 207 kg;
- dolphin mai hanci-kwalba (dabbar dolfin kwalba) - 150-300 kg;
- black dolphin (grinda) - tan 0.8 (wani lokacin har zuwa tan 3);
- kifayen kifi - har zuwa tan 10 ko fiye.
Ba abin da ya isa ya yi sauti, amma dabbobin da suka fi nauyi sun kasance a cikin ƙananan bahalan whales, waɗanda zaɓin gastronomic (saboda ƙarancin haƙori) an iyakance su zuwa plankton. Wannan ƙaramin yanki ya haɗa da cikakken mai riƙe rikodin don nauyi tsakanin fauna na duniya - shuɗin whale, wanda zai iya samun tan 150 ko fiye.
Bugu da ari, jerin (cikin saukowa na tsari) yayi kama da wannan:
- kifin whale - daga tan 75 zuwa 100;
- kifin whale na kudu - tan 80;
- fin whale - tan 40-70;
- kifin whale - daga 30 zuwa tan 40;
- launin toka ko Whale na Kalifoniya - tan 15-35;
- sei whale - tan 30;
- Minke na Bride - daga tan 16 zuwa 25;
- minke whale - daga tan 6 zuwa 9.
Dwarf Whale ana ɗaukar shi mafi ƙanƙanta kuma a lokaci guda bahar whale wanda ba safai ba, wanda ke fitar da bai wuce tan 3,5.5 tan a cikin yanayin manya.
Blue nauyin kifi whale
Bluval ya wuce nauyi ba kawai duk zamani bane, amma kuma ya taɓa rayuwa akan dabbobin duniyarmu... Masana ilmin namun daji sun tabbatar da cewa hatta mafi girman darajar dinosaur (Brachiosaurus), wanda nauyinsa ya ninka sau 2, ya yi asara ga shuɗin whale. Me za mu iya cewa game da amai na zamani, giwar Afirka: giwaye talatin ne kawai ke iya daidaita ma'auni, a ɓangaren da za a sami whale mai shuɗi.
Wannan katuwar ta girma har zuwa 26-33.5 m tare da matsakaicin nauyin tan 150, wanda yayi daidai da nauyin mutane dubu 2.4. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa kowace rana amai dole ya sha tan tan dubu uku na plankton (galibi ƙananan ɓawon burodi), yana wuce ɗaruruwan tan na ruwan teku ta cikin manyan matattatun gashin baki.
Fin nauyin kifi whale
Minke gama gari, ko herring whale, ana kiransa dangin mafi kusanci na amai kuma na biyu mafi girma a duniya.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Whales masu ƙarewa da shuɗun fuka-fuka sun kusa kusan cewa koyaushe suna saduwa da juna, suna haifar da zuriya mai ma'ana.
Manyan kifayen da ke zaune a Arewacin Hemisphere na iya aunawa har zuwa mita 18-24, amma an fi su yawa a kan kifin da ke rayuwa a Kudancin Hemisphere kuma ya kai mita 20-27. Mata (ba kamar yawancin nau'in kifin Whale ba) sun fi na maza girma kuma sun kai kimanin tan 40-70.
Nauyin maniyyi
Wannan ƙaton ya zarce sauran haƙoran haƙora a nauyi, yayin da mazan jinsin ya kusan ninka na mata kuma yakai kimanin tan 40 tare da tsayin 18 zuwa 18. Thearuwar mata da wuya ta wuce mita 11-13 tare da matsakaicin nauyin tan 15. Swafin mahaifa shine ɗayan thean tsirarun cetaceans tare da bayyananniyar lalata ta jima'i. Mata ba kawai matsakaita ne kawai a girma ba, amma kuma sun bambanta da maza a cikin wasu siffofin siffofi, gami da siffar kai / girmanta, yawan haƙori da tsarin mulki.
Mahimmanci! Whales na maniyyi yana girma har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwa - gwargwadon girmamawar shekaru, girman girman kifin. Jita-jita tana da cewa yanzu whales masu nauyin ton 70 suna iyo a cikin tekun, kuma ko a baya ya yiwu a haɗu da kifin whale mai nauyin tan 100.
Dangane da asalin wasu manyan dabbobi, whale sperm ya tsaya ba wai kawai nauyi ba, har ma a cikin cikakkun bayanai na jikin mutum, alal misali, katuwar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya tare da jakar maniyyi. Yatako ne, nama mai yalwar fibrous wanda yake sama da muƙamuƙin sama kuma anyi masa ciki tare da takamaiman kitse da aka sani da spermaceti. Yawan wannan jakar maniyyin mutum 6 ne wani lokaci tan 11.
Nauyin Hhabale Whale
Gorbach, ko kuma doguwar makamai mai rauni wacce aka wakilta zuwa yankin baleen whales kuma ana ɗaukarta babbar dabba... Manya-manyan dabbobin ruwa na wani lokaci sukan girma har zuwa 17-18 m: a matsakaita, maza ba safai suke wuce m 13.5, kuma mata - sama da 14.5 m. Whales (idan aka kwatanta da girman jiki). Bugu da kari, a tsakanin cetaceans, whale humpback ya zama na biyu (bayan shudi whale) dangane da cikakken kaurin kitse mai subcutaneous.
Nauyin kifi whale
Whale mai kashewa yana ɗayan shahararrun mashahuran dangin dolphin da ƙananan ƙananan haifa. Ya bambanta da sauran dabbar dolfin a launuka biyu (baƙi da fari) masu banbanci da nauyin da ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba - har zuwa tan 8-10 tare da ci gaban mita 10. Bukatun ciyarwar yau da kullun ya kasance daga 50 zuwa 150 kg.
White nauyi kifi Whale
Wannan hakin haƙoran daga dangin narwhal ya samo sunan daga fata, wanda ya zama fari ba da daɗewa ba dabbar ta sami ikon haifuwa. Haihuwa ba ta faruwa a baya sama da shekaru 3-5, kuma kafin wannan zamanin launi na beluga whales na canzawa: kifayen da aka haifa suna da launi a cikin shuɗi mai duhu da shuɗi, bayan shekara guda - a shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko shuɗi. Fararen kifin Whale mata sun fi na maza ƙanana, yawanci sukan kai mita 6 a tsayi tare da tan 2 na nauyi.
Kitten nauyi a lokacin haihuwa
A haihuwa, aan kifi mai shuɗi mai nauyin tan 2-3 tare da tsawon jiki na mita 6-9. Kowace rana, albarkacin madara mai nauyin madara (40-50%), yana da nauyin kilogiram 50, yana shan fiye da lita 90 na wannan samfurin mai mahimmanci kowace rana. Thean dawa baya fitowa daga nonon uwa har tsawon watanni 7, yana samun tan 23 a wannan shekarun.
Mahimmanci! A lokacin miƙa mulki zuwa ciyarwa mai zaman kanta, ƙirar whale ta girma har zuwa 16 m, kuma da shekara ɗaya da rabi, "jariri" mai mita 20 ya riga ya auna nauyin tan 45-50. Zai kusanci nauyin manya da tsawo ba sama da shekaru 4.5 ba, lokacin da shi da kansa zai iya haifar da offspringa .a.
Whale na jaririn finafinai, wanda lokacin haihuwarsa yana da nauyin tan 1.8 da tsayi na mita 6.5, yana ɗan tazara a bayan ƙirar whale ɗin da aka haifa. Mace tana ciyar da shi da madara har tsawon watanni shida, har sai yaron ya ninka tsayinsa.
Masu riƙe rikodin nauyi
Duk taken a cikin wannan rukunin sun tafi bakin kifi whale, amma tunda an kama ƙattai a farkon rabin ƙarnin da ya gabata, babu tabbaci 100% a cikin amincin ma'aunin.
Akwai shaidar cewa a cikin 1947 an kama shuɗin whale mai nauyin tan 190 kusa da Georgia ta Kudu (tsibiri a Kudancin Tekun Atlantika). An kama Whalers, gwargwadon labaransu na baka, da samfurin da ya ja fiye da tan 181.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya zuwa yanzu, mafi gaskiyar magana ita ce shaidar kamun da aka yi a 1926 a kusa da Kudancin Shetland Islands (Atlantic) na wata mata mai tsawon mita 33, wanda nauyinta ya kusan kusan tan 176.8.
Gaskiya ne, mugayen harsuna suna cewa babu wanda ya auna wannan gwarzon, amma an lasafta adadinsu, kamar yadda suke faɗa, da ido. Sau ɗaya, sa'a ta yi murmushi ga mahautan Soviet, waɗanda suka kashe whale mai shuɗin mita 30, mai nauyin tan 135, kusa da Tsibirin Aleutian a shekarar 1964.
Gaskiyar Whale Weight
An tabbatar da cewa babbar kwakwalwa a doron kasa (a cikakkiyar magana, kuma ba ta da dangantaka da girman jiki) tana alfahari da kwayar halittar mahaifa, wanda "launin toka" ya kai kusan kilogram 7.8.
Bayan sun yanka whale mai tsawon mita 16, masana kimiyya sun gano yadda nauyin gabobin cikin sa suka auna:
- hanta - dan kadan kasa da tan 1;
- fili mai narkewa 0.8 t (tare da tsawon 256 m);
- kodan - 0.4 t;
- mara nauyi - 376 kg;
- zuciya - 160 kg.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Harshen shuɗin whale mai shuɗi (mai kaurin mita 3) yana da nauyin tan 3 - fiye da giwar Afirka. Har zuwa mutane hamsin na iya tsayawa a tsaye a saman harshen.
An kuma san cewa shuɗin whale na iya yin yunwa (idan ya zama dole) har na tsawon watanni 8, amma idan ya shiga wani yanki mai arzikin plankton, zai fara cin abinci ba tare da tsangwama ba, yana shan abinci har tan 3 na abinci a kowace rana. Cutar amai yawanci tana dauke ne daga tan 1 zuwa 2 na abinci.
Hakanan an auna gabobin ciki na shuɗin whales kuma an sami waɗannan bayanan:
- jimlar girman jini - tan 10 (tare da jijiyar baya na 40 cm);
- hanta - 1 tan;
- zuciya - tan 0.6-0.7;
- yankin bakin - 24 m2 (karamin daki mai daki daya).
Kari akan haka, masana keto sun gano cewa kifin whale na kudu yana da al'aura mafi birgewa a tsakanin halittun dabbobi na duniya, wadanda kwayar halittar su take kimanin rabin tan (1% na nauyin jiki). A cewar wasu kafofin, nauyin kwayar halittar kudan zuma ta kudu ya kai tan 1 (2% na yawan), tsawon azzakarin ya kai mita 4, kuma sakin maniyyi daya ya wuce lita 4.
