Marabou na Afirka (Lertorttilos cruneniferus) tsuntsaye ne na dangin stork. Wannan shine mafi girman girman wakilin iyali daga tsari Storks da jinsi Marabou.
Bayanin marabou na Afirka
Tsawon jiki na babban wakili na tsarin shaƙuwa ya banbanta tsakanin 1.15-1.52 m tare da fukafukinsa na 2.25-2.87 m da nauyin jiki na 4.0-8.9 kg. Wasu samfurin na iya samun fikafikan fikafikan har zuwa 3.2 m. Gaba ɗaya, mazan sun fi mata girma daga irin wannan ingantaccen dangin iyalai na storks.
Bayyanar
Sifofin kamannin marabou na Afirka kusan basa nan, kuma kwatancen ya saba da wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci na masu share fuka-fukai... Yankin kai da wuyan tsuntsun an lullubeshi da wani abu mai kama da gashin kansa. Hakanan akwai ingantaccen ci gaba kuma an furta shi “abin wuya” a kafaɗun. An mai da hankali musamman ga babban baki wanda yake da girma, wanda tsawonsa yakan kai 34-35 cm.
Halin tsuntsu yana hutawa ne da wurin da bakin yake a yankin kumburarriya da kumburin wuya ko jakar makogwaro, wanda ake kira "matashin kai". Fatar, wacce take kan gaba daya wuraren da ba fuka-fukai, ba tana da launuka masu launin ruwan hoda, da kuma launuka masu launin baki da ke bayyane a sashin gaban gaba. Babban bambanci tsakanin marabou matashi na Afirka shine kasancewar wani ɓangaren sama mai laushi da adadi mai yawa na gashin tsuntsu a yankin abin wuya.
A saman ɓangaren layin akwai sautunan launin toka, kuma a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan akwai launin launi. Bakan gizo yana da launi mai duhu, wanda shine ɗayan abubuwan rarrabewa na marabou na Afirka idan aka kwatanta da kowane nau'in mai alaƙa da juna.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Marabou na daga cikin rukunin tsuntsayen da ke zama a cikin manyan yankuna kuma basa jin tsoron kasancewa kusa da mutane. A wasu yanayi, tsuntsayen wannan jinsin suna bayyana kusa da kauyuka da juji inda zai yuwu su samu isasshen abinci ga kansu.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Tsuntsayen da ke firgita suna fitar da kasasshe da halayyar haushi, kamar dai ana yin saututuka, da sifar marabou ta Afirka, wacce ta banbanta ta da sauran wakilan dangin stork, ba ta mikewa ba, amma juyawar wuya a lokacin tashi.
A cikin yanayin yanayi, wannan nau'in tsuntsayen suna yin aiki mai mahimmancin gaske - sakamakon cin gawarwaki, tsaftace ƙasa mai tasiri yana faruwa kuma ana hana ci gaban cututtuka ko manyan, annoba masu haɗari.
Tsawon rayuwa
A cikin daji, marabou na Afirka yana rayuwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce kwata na karni ba. Lokacin da aka tsare su cikin bautar, tsuntsayen wannan jinsin zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30-33. Duk da takamaiman abin da ake ci, manyan tsuntsayen wannan dangi suna da kyakkyawar juriya ga yawancin cututtukan tsuntsaye.
Wurin zama da wuraren zama
Marabou na Afirka ya yadu a cikin Afirka. Yankin arewacin iyakar iyaka ya isa yankin kudu na Sahara, Mali, Niger, Sudan da Habasha. A wani yanki mai mahimmanci na yankin rarraba, yawan jama'a yana da yawa.
Duk wakilan wannan jinsin, kasa da sauran tsuntsaye, sun dogara ne da kasancewar zama dole a yankin da suke zama na tafkin.... Koyaya, idan aka lura da kasancewar yanayin ciyarwar da ya dace a cikin tafki na asali, marabou na Afirka da yardar rai zai zauna a yankin bakin teku.
Mafi yawancin lokuta, mafi girman girman wakilin gidan stork yana zaune a savannas da yankuna masu tsayi, filayen fadama, a bude, galibi suna busar da kogi da kwaruruka, waɗanda suke da wadataccen kifi. Yana da matukar wuya a sami marabou na Afirka a cikin gandun daji da aka rufe da kuma a cikin hamada.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, a yankunan da ke kusa da matsuguni, marabou na Afirka ana samun su a wuraren shara na gida, kusa da mayanka da kamfanonin sarrafa kifi.
Adadin mutane sanannun suna zaune a kowane irin yanayin yanayin halittar ɗan adam, sannan kuma yana gida a cikin manyan birane, gami da yankunan tsakiyar Kampala. Tare da isasshen abinci, wakilan dangin stork, a ƙa'ida, suna tafiyar da salon rayuwa gaba ɗaya. Mutanen da ke zaune a wani yanki na kewayon, bayan ƙarshen lokacin nest, galibi galibi suna yin ƙaura zuwa kusa da mahaɗan mahaɗa.
Abincin marabou na Afirka
Girman girma da tsuntsaye masu ƙarfi suna ciyar da akasarin gawa ne, amma suna iya amfani da rayuwa ba babba ba don dalilai na abinci, wanda za'a iya haɗiye shi kai tsaye. Wannan nau'in abincin marabou na Afirka yana wakiltar kajin wasu tsuntsaye, da kifi, kwadi, kwari, dabbobi masu rarrafe da kwai.
Ma'aurata, a matsayin ƙa'ida, suna ciyar da kajinsu kawai tare da abincin ganima.... Tare da taimakon bakinta mai karfi da kaifi, marabou na Afirka yana iya sauƙaƙewa cikin sauri har ma da kaurin fata na kowane dabba da ya mutu.
Don neman abinci, marabou na Afirka, tare da ungulu, ana halayyar tashi sama a kyauta, daga inda babban tsuntsu yake neman abin farauta. Cksungiyar garken da aka kafa galibi suna mai da hankali ne a yankunan da ke samun wadatattun dabbobi masu yawa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wakilan wannan dangi ana daukar su da tsabta sosai, sabili da haka, da farko abubuwan tsabtataccen abinci tsuntsaye ne suka fara wanke su sosai, sannan kawai ana amfani dasu don ciyarwa.
Hanyar farautar kifin da yake rayuwa daidai yake da na bakin stork. Ana cikin aikin kamun kifi, tsuntsun ya tsaya cak a wani yanki mai zurfin ruwa kuma ya rike baki baki rabi, wanda ya kutsa cikin ruwan. Bayan an gama ganima, sai bakin ya rufe kusan nan take.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Marabou na Afirka ya kai shekarun balaga kusan shekaru uku zuwa hudu... A lokacin daddawa, ana gudanar da shimfidar wasu sassan tsuntsaye kawai. Duk yankunan mulkin mallaka na Afirka marabou suna kan makiyaya tare da dabbobin daji da sauran kayan fasaha, da kuma kusa da ƙauyuka da gonaki. Kusa da wuraren da babban gidan wakilin stork yake gida, gidajen pelicans suna aiki sosai.
Wani fasali na al'adar auren marabou na Afirka shine aiwatar da bincike tare da bakinta, da kuma wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa na neman aure. Sakamakon nasarar "amanar aure" ta fuka-fukai guda biyu shine gina gida kan bishiya ko dutse, wanda ya kunshi kananan bishiyoyi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Da farkon fari ne da bayyanar doguwar ƙishirwa cewa yawan mutuwar dabbobi marasa ƙarfi da marasa lafiya ke faruwa, sabili da haka, a lokacin irin wannan, marabou na Afirka yana iya samun isasshen abinci don ciyar da kajinta.
A ƙarshen lokacin damina, mace takan yi ƙwai biyu ko uku, kuma lokacin ciyar da kajin sai ya faɗi a kan mafi ƙarancin lokacin, wanda ke sauƙaƙa sauƙaƙa neman ganima a cikin wuraren ajiyar ruwa.
Makiya na halitta
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, marabou na Afirka ba shi da abokan gaba kamar haka. A baya-bayan nan, babbar barazanar da ke tattare da yawan tsuntsayen mutane ne suka wakilta, waɗanda suka lalata mahalli na tsuntsayen.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Zuwa yau, yawan mutanen Afirka marabou suna a matsayi babba.... Cutar da hallaka wannan babban wakili mai girma, na dangin tsuntsayen stork, ba barazana ba ce.
